Research Methodologies | Descriptive Research

Running head: RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
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1RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
Discussions
1. In psychology, there are three types of descriptive research methods. The three types of
descriptive research include epidemiological research methods or surveys, classification
and co-relational research methods. (Blaikie & Priest, 2019).
The purpose of the descriptive research is to describe a situation, population or
phenomenon systematically and accurately (Creswell & Creswell, (2017). These are
strategies of research that assists in order to define the survival and define functionalities of a
specific phenomenon.
2. The comparison between random selection and random assignment are that random
selection refers to how the members of sample are chosen from the population in order to
include in the study (Nestor & Schutt, 2018). Random assignment is a feature of design
that is experimental in which the participants of the study are allocated to the group of
control or treatment utilising a random process.
Random selection is important to the threats of external validity and the random
assignment is important and addresses the threats of internal validity
3. The ways by which the randomization can accomplish the variance in error include
(George et al.,2018):
 Ensuring the manipulation of independent variables is the only difference between the
various conditions
 The best method in order to control the extraneous variance is to randomly allocate
participants to the conditions
4. This thought has been set up because randomization is very important to minimize the
threats of validity. Technique is based on chances only by which the participants of study

2RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
are allocated to a group of treatment. It reduces the differences among various groups by
distributing people equally with specific features among the arms of trial.
5. The main difference is that is the quasi-experimental design the criteria for various
assignments is chosen by the researcher, while in the true experiment design, the
assignment takes place naturally without the intervention of the researcher (McKinley et
al.,2017). The Quasi-experiments have the outcome measures, units of experimental and
treatments by they do not utilises random assignment.
6. Often a between group assumes some equivalence between the participants in the
treatments and the control groups at the start of any experiment is randomly assigning
participants to the group, execute different analyses that is obliging in making various
conclusions
7. The four reason of choosing quasi-experimental design is that
 Cost
 Issues of selection
 Ethical considerations
 Unavailability of appropriate groups of control
8. The three non-equivalent groups in Quasi-experimental design is
 Uninterpretable Non-equivalent groups: Non R X O1 Non R O1
 Interpretable Non-equivalent groups: Non R O1 X O2 Non R O3 O4
 Cohort non-equivalent groups: O1 ---------- X O2
9. The designs those are coherent are a special case of groups those are non-equivalent and
that use adjacent groups of cohort that share the same environments. The cohort designs
permit the researchers to make inferences as compatibility can be assumed between
adjacent cohorts that do nor or do receive a treatment. However, the compatibility in a
design of cohort will not be as high as in an experiment with assignments those are