Postpartum Care and Emergency Room Visits

This assignment examines three research studies investigating the impact of various postpartum care interventions on reducing emergency room (ER) visits. The first study utilizes a qualitative approach to understand mothers' experiences and identify key areas of concern during the postpartum period. The second and third studies employ quantitative methods to analyze the effectiveness of providing additional resources and home visit programs in lowering ER visit rates for both mothers and infants. Students are tasked with analyzing each study's design, methodology, findings, strengths, limitations, and implications for improving postpartum care.

Research
Name
Title
University Affiliation

Research 2
PICOT/PICo Question: In postpartum patients, will including a postpartum preparedness checklist
and providing additional resources compared to the minimal education included in an early
discharge, decrease postpartum ER visits for mothers or baby within one week of discharge?
Citation Purpose of the
research
Research Design
and Sample
Data Collection
Methods
Results Strengths (S)
Limitations (L)
Howell EA,
Balbierz A,
Wang J,
Parides M,
Zlotnick C,
Leventhal H.
Reducing
postpartum
depressive
symptoms
among black
and Latina
mothers: A
randomized
controlled trial.
Obstetrics and
Gynecology.
2012;119:942–
949.
Aune I,
Dahlberg U,
Msc,
Ingebrigtsen O.
Parents’
experiences of
midwifery
students
providing
continuity of
care.
Midwifery.
2012;28:372–
378.
To investigate
significant
domain of
mothers
postpartum
incidents as
identified by
them, their
midwives and
doctors, and
look into how
postpartum
checklist could
improve their
preparedness
for the episode
following
delivery and
how it relates
to ER visits.
Qualitative
research study.
Two groups
were targeted.
N=45 group of
postpartum
mothers.
N=13 group of
clinicians
(obstetric)
All the
members of
the clusters
were
interviewed,
audio recorded
and evaluated.
Analyzing
made use of
ground theory
method.
Four outcomes
arose: lack of
the mothers’
facts on the
subject of
postpartum
health and
deficiency of
preparedness
for the
postpartum
incident, lack
of continued
care and
nonexistence
of early
postpartum
period
maternal care
and providers
and
postpartum
mothers
disconnect.
S-postpartum
checklist can
help prepare
the mothers
for the
expectations
after childbirth.
L-differences
existed
between
clinicians and
mothers in
major
postpartum
concerns.

Research 3
Matone M,
O’Reilly AL,
Luan X, Localio
AR, Rubin DM.
Emergency
department
visits and
hospitalization
s for injuries
among infants
and children
following
statewide
implementatio
n of a home
visitation
model. Matern
Child Health J.
2012
;16(9):1754–
1761
Patient
Protection and
Affordable
Care Act, Pub L
No. 111-148,
HR 3590, 111th
Cong. (2009–
2010)
To investigate
if provision of
additional
resources and
care to
postpartum
patients could
reduce ER
visits
Quantitative
study
N=4777
resident births
across 18
months.
Intervention
families were
given 3 to 7
contacts to
asses family
needs so as to
connect
mothers with
community
funds and
assistance to
develop infant
well being and
healthy.
Records from
the hospital
were analyzed
by means of
intent to treat
design. It
helped to
calculate the
impact among
a
representative
of five hundred
and forty nine
families’ as a
subset.
Providi
ng additional
resources
reduced ER
visits. These
includes:
Maxi pads
can help with
the bleeding
since it can go
on for several
weeks even
with C-
section. They
should amply
be supplied
with these at
home. A sitz
bath is a
mandatory
too to relieve
pain as a
result of torn
perineum.
With warm
water in it, it
soothes the
pain away.
Liadocaine
spray reduces
ease the pain
brought about
by
hemorrhoids
or tearing
especially if
the pushing
was for a long
time. The
pain can bring
about a big
shock. If they
are more
painful for
Lidocaine
spray then a
doctor should
be seen. A
squirt bottle is
necessary too
S – Many
families were
reached and
resources
provided to
them.
L –there was
biasness in
providing
information to
fit into
resources
receiving
group.
A big sample
size.

Research 4
since
hemorrhoids
may make
wiping after
emptying the
bladder
difficult.
Filling it with
water will the
mother feel
comfortable
and cleaner
after using the
bathroom. An
ice pack can
also be used
to relief
perineum
pain. This
also can be
done by use
of witch hazel
pads. Last but
not least,
warm clothes
are essential.
These basics
will help the
new mothers
take care of
the pain, give
them comfort
during these
period
reducing the
risks of
depression
and ER visits.

Research 5
References
Aune I, Dahlberg U, Msc, Ingebrigtsen O. Parents’ experiences of midwifery students
providing continuity of care. Midwifery. 2012;28:372–378.
Howell EA, Balbierz A, Wang J, Parides M, Zlotnick C, Leventhal H. Reducing postpartum
depressive symptoms among black and Latina mothers: A randomized controlled trial.
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2012;119:942–949
Matone M, O’Reilly AL, Luan X, Localio AR, Rubin DM. Emergency department visits and
hospitalizations for injuries among infants and children following statewide
implementation of a home visitation model. Matern Child Health J. 2012;16(9):1754–
1761
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, Pub L No. 111-148, HR 3590, 111th Cong.
(2009–2010)