Research paper - How has the role of the TA changed in the last 20 years?
Table of Contents Title- How has the role of the TA changed in the last 20 years?....................................................1 Chapter 1 - Introduction...................................................................................................................1 Rational and Debate....................................................................................................................2 CHAPTER 2- METHODOLOGY...................................................................................................4 Justification of approach.............................................................................................................4 Data collection method...............................................................................................................4 Approach for acquiring information related to your secondary research...................................5 Dates/time periods.......................................................................................................................5 Key word searches......................................................................................................................6 Ethical issues...............................................................................................................................6 Chapter 3 – Literature review..........................................................................................................7 Justifying a secondary only research approach for the topic......................................................7 Reviewing the literature that focused on the role of the TA.......................................................7 Establishing how the role has changed since the introduction of TA.........................................8 Identifying how the role of the TA had changed in the past 20 years........................................9 Chapter 4 – Research analysis.......................................................................................................11 Secondary research...................................................................................................................11 Chapter 5 - Conclusion..................................................................................................................15 Evaluation.................................................................................................................................16 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................18
Title-How has the role of the TA changed in the last 20 years? Chapter 1 -Introduction Teaching assistants (TAs) were firstly introduced in primary schools. As compared to secondary colleagues, primary teachers continue to gain much assistance from TAs for most individual subjects and time along with the exception for modern foreign languages. Teaching assistants are mostly utilized in order to help and assist Numeracy Strategies and National Literacy within primary schools. In secondary schools, aspects of Mathematics and English are also essential other than literacy. On the other hand, primary schools and TAs are believed to be deployed for helping entire year or ability groups and the more critical issue teacher observed is lack of time to make plans with TAs. In simple words, teaching assistants are adults who provide assistance or support to teachers within the classroom. The duties of teaching assistants can be different from school to school, from providing classroom support and administrative to provide targeted academic assistance to small groups or individual people. Various evidences suggest that teaching assistants can have positive effect on the academic achievement. However, impact tends to vary among the studies where TAs provide classroom support or general administrative. This on average is not presenting a positive significance whereas those classrooms who get supported by teaching assistants show many positive benefits. Nowadays, education is given with a high importance all around the world as it helps in achievement of growth and development. Each and every individual needs to acquire sufficient amount of knowledge through education and learning. The change in need and importance of education has a great impact on entire structure of education system. There are various types of schools which are developed in order to improve the education system. Different types of schools are described as below - Traditional public school– Public schools are owned and operated through local, state and federal government funds. The source and proportion of funding can vary from state to state but only around 9% of traditional public education funding comes from the federal government. These kinds of schools are required to abide by various standards. Teacher should have appropriate license for working at public schoolswhich are generally managed and controlled by state in which they are located. Students attend a public school on the basis of their location and they do not need to pay for tuition. 1
Traditional private school– Along with the development of education system, people also started taking interest in establishing many private schools and institutions to provide learning or education facilities to the public. Private schools are owned and operated by individuals,thereisnoroleofgovernmentsuchasfundingisnotprovidedby governement. This is the reason private schools charge fees to attend but this power of private ownership provides them freedom to policies and curriculum. A private school is categorized to be independent without any other special designation. After that, there are endless options available for them. These schools can be operated as profit organisation as well as non-profit organisation. Charter school– It usually offers an institutional hybrid, like traditional public schools, charter schools are free of cost. However, parents need to submit an application in order toenroltheir child within a charter school and similar to private schools, they have limited space available for students. Any organization or company can apply for opening a charter school, if the states accept and grants their charter school, it will receive a specific amount of funding for a limited period for example 3 to 5 years. If the school somehow fails to achieve the goals or meet the performance expectations, their charter school is not permitted to be renewed and it gets closed. Boarding school– A boarding school refers to a school which offers lodging and food to the students. It is a community of scholars, artists and athletes. For creating such community, most of the boarding schools need their students to stay on campus for school year. Magnet schools– These schools are specialised in various areas like for example science, technology or the arts. They are cost free public schools which are operated by schools districts or group of districts. Magnet schools are very focused on maintaining a diverse student population and are likely to have waiting list of students who are trying to get admission. Rational and Debate The main reason for choosing this research topic is my interest in teaching and education system. The changing structure and high demand of education is interesting and important to be determined. I need to make a career in teaching sector which was the main factor that influenced 2
me to choose this particular topic. Research will help me to increase my knowledge and understanding in relation to teaching assistants and the way it is important to develop an effective education or learning environment within a school. The role of teaching assistant has been changing rapidly. The role of teaching assistants has shifted more towards providing education or learning support. The demand of this work is competing with the time required for teaching assistance for providing their traditional assistance for teachers such as preparing and managing study materials. On the other hand, most of the schools still do not have developed methods to evaluate the effect of support on achievement of people in literacy and mathematics. Aim– “To investigate how role of Teaching Assistants has changed in schools over the past 20 years” Research Objectives: To justify a secondary only research approach for the topic To review the literature that focused on the role of the Teaching Assistants To establish how the role has changed since the introduction of Teaching Assistants To identify how the role of the Teaching Assistants had changed in the past 20 years 3
Chapter 2- methodology In research, there are different type of methodologies that are included and these are helpful enough to carry out the research in effective manner (Neuman, 2013). Selection of methodologies need to be conducted properly and so that the research aim and objectives can be covered effectively. Below given are the aspects that are covered in research methodology in order to cover all the aspects that can make the research to attain appropriate outcome: Justification of approach Research approach can be determined as a valid part for any specific study for the research area. In this context, approaches related with research of two types which are inductive and deductive approach. Inductive approach does not involve any type of formulation for hypothesis (Mackey and Gass, 2015). This is considered to be the process that starts from research question, aim and objectives. In other words, specific details are focused on and then general aspects are covered. On the other hand, deductive approach is used when certain set of hypothesis is used in the research. This is needed to be rejected or accepted during the process of research. In other words, main focus of the research to determine general aspects and then specific details are covered. Among these two, the researcher has made use of inductive approach as there are no hypothesis make. Further, main focus of the research is considering specific aspects and then general aspects are covered. Apart from this, it also enables the investigator to focus on aim and objectives that are set (Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault, 2015). There are theoretical aspects that is being taken into consideration and all these enable to cover the focused area efficiently. Data collection method It is important that proper information is to be gathered so that the research focus is make in appropriate manner. So as to collect information, there are two methods which are primary and secondary methods. Primary can be determined as a method for collecting information which is gathered for the first time (Vaioleti, 2016). On the other hand, secondary method are those information that are already being gathered by some other researchers. In other to collect primary data, it includes tools like interview, questionnaire, group discussion, etc. For secondary data, it consist of sources like books, journals, online sources, etc. In order to conduct this research, the researcher has made use of secondary which is done by making use of journals, online sources, books, etc. There are many researches that are conducted in similar topics and so gathering 4
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