Research Paper on the Circular Economy

This research paper discusses the implementation of the circular economy, its structural components, and long-term and short-term measures towards sustainability. It explores the role of SMEs in developing sustainable resources and the impact of risk on renewable resources. The paper also examines the challenges faced in implementing a sustainable manufacturing process and the importance of social influence in promoting sustainable development. The research findings provide insights into the circular economy in the motorcycle industry.

RESEARCH PAPER ON THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY
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Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................................4
Structural Components............................................................................................................................5
The electrical component of the electric motorcycles............................................................................7
Miscellaneous components...................................................................................................................10
Long terms measures towards sustainability.........................................................................................11
Short term measures towards sustainability.........................................................................................12
The life cycle of electric motorcycles.....................................................................................................13
Future plan for a sustainable industrial plan as well as changes in the design......................................15
Design Changes..................................................................................................................................16
Conclusion and Recommendation.........................................................................................................16
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................................18

INTRODUCTION
One of the challenges to the ancient model of disposal is the implementation of the
circular economy. This particular model relies on large quantities of energy as well as resources.
Although it is a common knowledge that the displacement economy is the economic growth
regarded to be long term in the economic replacement of the old concept with the new concepts,
the concept generally advocates for the development of sustainable growth. This particular
technique employs a system of revolutionary in providing economic solutions[12]. This is
achieved through the elimination of toxic wastes, use of renewable energy and finally waste
recycling on the motorcycle spare parts. The ideas of the concept are voluntarily achieved by a
motivational mechanism which is actually designed to maintain a comparative edge.
Obtaining a resource-efficient, the resilient circular economy needs investment and
innovation in creating better market conditions and resource efficient technologies for
sustainable services and products. The idea aims to improve the creative and innovative potential
of most countries in the UK by putting in place the multidisciplinary field for the small and
medium motorcycle industry. The circular economy is a more important upcoming field as

shown by signs of depletion in the world’s resources. Circular economy policy framework
comprises of divided enterprises through development and research of varied solution
Large enterprises most probably have initiatives to put in place circular economic concepts
like the chemical industry or the automotive industry. Few research works have been made
regarding the attempt to divide SMEs into the economy of circular[1]. The research, therefore,
aims at narrowing the gap by promoting ideas for United Kingdom SMEs to apply. The past
research based on circular economy checking deeply into small and medium enterprises is
discussed by literature review. The role of innovation in enterprise management is discussed in
one section followed by those on sustainability and resource efficiency in that order. Electric
Motorcycle industry faces some challenges and at the same time has opportunities in the state of
the UK and is represented by numerous examples. The last section will finally summarize the
research findings.
Structural Components
The structural components of the electric motorcycle are made up of the following parts:
Seat assembly, wheels, suspension and finally chassis. Specific industry applications are also
present in the literature. Usage of the circular economy is mostly highlighted in the analysis of
waste input and output. A serious implementation on circular economy disciples in locating an
enterprise can be used to achieve sustainable development as disclosed by a specific researcher.
This was thought to eliminate or at least reduce to some level the waste that comes as a result of
production. A researcher came up with a theoretical model based on polluting and recycling
output. This model tried to explain that the quality of the surrounding could improve with an
increase in recycling ratio. A relation by a researcher in a circular economy in the waste
biorefinery system is supported closely by another researcher suggesting that waste can be

transformed into a renewable material that recovers bio-based energy by means of sustainable
mechanisms[7]. Some researchers stated that biorefineries were wastes used to generate
chemicals, fuels, and energy which are closely related mechanisms supporting the adaptation of
circular economy.
Studies carried out by many researchers tried to show how energy and material efficiency
could be achieved in some industries like paper milk industry in the UK. This could as well help
in the motorcycle industry in the UK. Some of the familiar circular economies include the
recycling of minerals such as silver, gold, and even platinum. The process, however, does not
exist independently but requires other materials like cobalt, nickel, zinc, tin, and many others to
be recycled from them.
Figure 1: Framework of electric motorcycle unit[21]

Several articles explain the theoretical, political and economic framework of the circular
economy as a researcher argued that circular economy finds its theoretical framework within the
theory of classical political economy. Some authors clearly give out distinctions between circular
economy and economic circulation as they state that recirculating resources to make various
products are probably not the circular economy[2]. Instead, a manufacturer is required to recycle
their own products and use it as an input in the production system. Some researchers saw the
circular economy as both socio-economic and an environmental issue that is why in their work,
they came up with a framework that displays both socio-cultural specifications and the social and
physical proximity between the involved stakeholders. They agreed that the procurement process
between producers and suppliers could be improved using common ground to obtain sustainable
resource efficiency.
Rims also form the most crucial components of the electric motorcycle structural parts.
Proper painting can be done to the metallic rims which have been repaired so that they are not
disposed of. In the recycling process, circular economy has also not been left out, it operates on
the rule that the products that shall not be recycled are recycled There is a delicate balance
between resource efficiency and cleaner production as disclosed by an explorer. The recycling
ratio is in higher demand by society but they have to pay much attention not to include toxic
wastes recycled from obsolete materials[14].
Therefore, toxic wastes should not be involved within the recycling process and a
proper disposal mechanism should be put in place. Even though recycling is seen to have nothing
pertaining post-capitalist consumption-based economic models, an explorer still argues that the
drastic change brought by some business leaders may not solve the sustainable and social

consumption lifestyle. Sharing of resources is now seen as an alternative for the world's
progressive resource scarcity problems.
The electrical component of the electric motorcycles
These components are majorly manufactured outside the firm and the company will
acquire them through importation program. The wheels are fed with the circular motion that is
generated from the electric motor[18]. Developing and implementing a sustainable circle
economy is faced by a lot of challenges one of them being uncertainty which is closely related to
the new scientific developments on the electric motors. The risk can be reduced or avoided by
the centralization of a business model. However, if a business model is generated by science
manufacturing, risk tolerance contributes more to small and medium enterprises (SMEs).
The manufacturers offer various types of batteries to be used in the provision of energy to
power the system of the electric motorcycle. The type of battery to be used in a particular system
depends on the load size and design of the system to meet the requirement. Other than knowing
the role of SMEs in developing resources and the effect of risk in the sustainability of renewable
resources, there is also need to know that decision in SMEs are individually made each having a
personal level of risk tolerance and subjective estimation of risk. Human behavior now becomes
a great factor to consider while dealing with the risk associated with the impact of these batteries
in the resource management economy[11].

Figure 2: Electrical component[13]
As part of the sustainability measures, the worn out wires should be sorted including the
switchboards before they are taken back to the suppliers for the recycling process. What goes on
in the physical world containing economic behaviors is reflected by the environmental risk
consisting of elements that act as a connection between ideology, resources, and geopolitical
initiatives. The environmental risk posed by the electrical components of the electric motorcycle
is best explained by basing the idea on the controversial debate concerning the effect of human
beings on climate change. Careless disposal of carbon-related batteries have the greatest impact
on the climate change and therefore measures put in place to reduce the growing impact on
climate change by recycling wires and batteries ensures development but with the affordability
of energy, social equality ideology requires that the government and other corporations provide
goods and services at reasonable prices[4].
Prior to the recycling process of the batteries, the acid should be subjected to draining,
treated and neutralized after which the breaking of the batteries using hummer mill is done. The
scraps that result from the broken battery include a mixture of, antimony, lead oxide, metallic
lead, copper and calcium. Significant airtime, amount of money and lastly time on media
platforms should apply to direct social opinion on sustainable development. The sources of

influence have a great impact on both regional and local levels as far as handling these chemicals
are concerned. Circular economy and sustainable development require an interest developed by
those having greater access to social influence sources[15].
The standards of an institution are the guidelines and procedures created through laws
and policies on both regional and national levels. Public policies favoring innovation and
expansion of sustainable resources are necessary for developing risk tolerance of small and
medium enterprises. In case the policies are ambivalent to the effect of normative pressure and
social influence, developing sustainable economic methods and behaviors perceive risk as
disclosed by the motorcycle industry. Normative pressures reduce effective communication and
interaction in the surrounding in case the economic behavior is put in place. Introducing an
innovation contrary to the custom model of economic behavior may lead to alienation[20]. Users
are usually driven by their habit towards what they can rely on, therefore eversion to the risk of
decision makers in SMEs may increase in case novel technologies enhancing circular economy is
introduced to solve self-protecting localism in geopolitical trends.
The motorcycle operation is on the basis that when the battery is fully charged and then
later connected to the motor which in turn connected to the rear wheels by use of chain, it will be
to possibly propel the wheel forward. Recent activities that are perceived to be low risk by the
SMEs are reflected by past actions[22]. All the approaches to the development of sustainable
economic resources and innovation have a direct effect on the operation of the SMEs while
proximal attitudes do not directly affect decision-makers in the motorcycle industry. Risk
tolerance may prove to have a greater effect on the economic behaviors of the direct competition
of the electric motorcycles

Miscellaneous components
Miscellaneous components are usually needed at the assembling stage of the electric
motorcycle where they basically serve as adhesive materials as well as increasing the aesthetic
value of the machine. There is a need for social and academic consensus in providing extended
taxonomy of strategic sustainability behaviors in the small and medium electric motorcycle
industry. In regard to some large enterprises, problems such as inefficient energy that hinder
discovery in circular economy benefits should be removed[19]. The problems have been
analyzed on their adoption and production of Miscellaneous parts to the small and medium
enterprises. The context of SMEs stands on three important issues, that is, sustainability,
innovation, and efficiency. For that reason, three taxonomic tiers are put in place to help SMEs
develop economic diversification and possibly sustainable growth. The tiers include
sustainability, innovation, and efficiency. Innovation as the first tier forms the basic foundation
of the structure, it consists of three major factors that support it, that is, policy development,
incentive creation, and public-private partnerships. Sustainability as a tier supports that, by
circular economies, it is central to strategic development initiatives. Lastly, the other tier relies
on efficiency in execution of strategy, policy, and implementation of sustainable resource
management.
Long terms measures towards sustainability
The measure that may be considered to be long-term include the establishment of a
manufacturing plant in an industrial set up and even drafting some policy. The development and
implementation of a sustainable manufacturing process to the motorcycle firms is facing many
challenges. One of the challenges is the uncertainty which is related to the current scientific
development[9]. Though it is a risky undertaking, it can be controlled by the centralization of a

business model. When the business model is generated by the science of manufacturing, risk
tolerance affects small and medium enterprises (SMEs) mostly.
Apart from acknowledging the role of SMEs in the resource development as well as the
risk effect in sustainable of renewable resources, it should be known that decision in SMEs are
made individually with every individual having his own personal level of risk tolerance and
subjective risk estimator. What goes in the physical world that entails economic behavior is
reflected by the environmental risk including elements that connect resources, ideology and
geopolitical initiatives.
The explanation of environmental risk is done with consideration to the ideas based
on the controversial debate on human beings which effect on climate change. This kind of public
participation will serve as one of the long term measures.The economic activities done by human
beings contributes to a greater impact on the climate change, therefore, ensuring the planet
development using affordable energy, a social quality ideology which require the government
and other corporation to produce goods and services at a good price. Electric motorcycles will
not be an exception in this list[10].
Short term measures towards sustainability
As an immediate response, the firm should set aside a storage area for the faulty or used
up electrical parts such as wire, motors, switches, batteries, and circuit boards. These used up
component then can be taken back to the manufacturer for the recycling program. The national
corporate and geopolitical voices done social media channels guide opinion that gives a clear
verification of different sources of social influence.
The witches should be tested first before taken back to the manufacturers and only faulty
one to be taken back to manufacturers. Specific airtime and money be invested in social media as

it applies to direct social opinion on sustainable development. The sources of the influence
contribute to a great impact on both local and religion levels. Sustainable development and
circular economy need an interest developed with those individuals perceived to have greater
social influence sources[13].
The institutional standards which are the procedure and guidelines created through
policies and laws enactment on the national and regional levels need to favor innovation and
expansion of sustainable resources required in the developing risk tolerance of small and
medium enterprises. The drafting of such immediate policies should involve the consumers
especially the disabled group. They should give their honest view in regard to the level of
comfort
. Maintenance of the miscellaneous parts such as tires, bodywork, transmission, and
upholstery is to be done innovatively while considering that they constitute the secondary parts.
The firm may install a lathe machine to ensure surfacing transmission and bodywork. The
present activities perceived to have low risk have been reflected in the actions of past
manufacturing. The approaches to achieve the development of sustainable economies, as well as
innovation, gives a direct effect on the circular economy implementation on the manufacturing
firm though it gives a proximal attitude which does not directly affect motorcycle industry
decision-makers[17].
ISO regulation and standard followed

The life cycle of electric motorcycles
The circular economy can also be termed as the green economy, utilization of resources
or may be efficient resource management. Different views on the circular economy have been
performed based on a comprehensive analysis of the literature review[22]. The main challenge
has been the incorporation of the electric motorcycle in the system of the circular economy. The
research work have been varying though this is applied within this literary context. It has both
the critics of circular economy and studies on the economic framework which are deemed to be
theoretical.
Some of the materials which should be used in the manufacture of the components should
include metals like aluminum as well as plastic whose life cycle is easily predictable. Of the
literature, geographically identified applications show that most countries including China were
researched and a specific researcher saw an increase in the government involvement in the
transition pertaining to the country’s economy. The concept of involvement by the government
plays an important role in the implementation of the circular economy. The most recent article, a
researcher discusses the effectiveness of the circular economy policy within the country of the

UK. As disclosed by the authors, the efficiency on implementation of circular economy varies as
per the region. It was therefore advised by the authors that promoting the adaptability is more
important in attaining sustainable development. The research goes hand in hand with that
displayed by another specific researcher in the UK[23].
Electric motorcycle life will be maximized with the incorporation of sustainable practices.
Leading regions including Europe are best when it comes to maximizing the use of circular
economy concepts by means of policy setting and institutional supervision. Research work has
mentioned that an end-of-life vehicle treatment might affect most of the countries dealing in
automotive industries like Japan and most probably the United Kingdom, this is as disclosed in
the recent European Directive. The recycling process that may be put in place by the new system
of manufacture shall consider the recycling process to reduce material waste and most probably
recover energy. Some legislation has been legalized for example German closed Cycle
Management Act in Germany[20]. Discoveries show that the act is targeting at turning waste
management into an integrated resource management system as supported by the global emission
reduction agreed in a given country.
As part of follow up in the utility of the electric motorcycle, there should be the
elimination of the unnecessary movement so as to reduce the energy loss. This is because the
excessive movement contributes to wear and tear of the tires. Such initiatives will lead to the
increased lifespan of the battery. The literature also contains much more regional case studies
apart from China and Europe. A researcher once compared a life cycle component analysis for
different automobiles based on their model and age. The authors argued that the improvement
was meant to reduce the adverse effect caused by the vehicles to the environment and also to
possibly achieve a sustainable circular economy. They thought that a strong economic case

would arise from transforming a given water industry into a circular economic framework.
Studies that were carried out by some researchers in countries like Serbia suggest that there is a
big gain in improving waste management system in such countries. The gain somehow becomes
useless due to associated disadvantages like recycling and recovery of waste, reuse level, and
weak economic Incentives[3].
Future plan for a sustainable industrial plan as well as changes
in the design
Achieving a resource-efficient, circular economy as well as a resilient economy requires
innovation and investment while creating a favorable market condition and resource efficient
technology for sustainable services plus products[21]. The aim of a brilliant idea is to ensure
improvement in creativity and increase in the innovative potential in many regions especially in
the UK through putting in place multidisciplinary field for the medium and small motorcycle
industry. The circular economy is a very crucial upcoming business boosting technique favored
by world resources depletion signs. The industry must be willing to liaise with another economic
sector that rides on the policy of green technology as well as sustainability.
Design Changes
The company may decide to use recycled aluminum for all the structural parts so that the
design may be lighter. In order to save on the material cost, mist of the miscellaneous
components can be made by the use durable plastic that can possibly withstand extreme
conditions of weather. There is also a need for social and academic consensus in giving the
extended taxonomy of strategic sustainability behavior within the medium and small electric
motorcycle industry. When regarding large enterprise, challenges like inefficient energy that
hinder discovery in circular economy benefits must be get rid of. the challenges were analyzed
depending on their adoption to the small as well as medium enterprises[6]. The SMEs context

stands on the three main pillars e.g. innovation, sustainability, and efficiency. Therefore, three
taxonomic tiers are put in place to facilitate SMEs develop economic diversification and possibly
sustainable growth.
The evaluation of the products is to be done periodically to ensure that the damaged level
is established in advance. The stages of the lifecycle are to be evaluated for determination of the
remedial measures. These stages include minor repair and recycled phase decisions. The minor
repairs will include surfacing and painting as a part of product cycle process monitoring.
Conclusion and Recommendation
The recycling process has not left out the circular economy since it operates on the rule
that recycled product must be pumped back to the economy. A research work disclosed a delicate
balance between cleaner production and resource efficiency. The technique of recycling is in
higher demand within the society through much attention is required so as to exclude toxic waste
from recycled obsolete materials. Thus the toxic waste must not be involved in the recycling
process and a proper mechanism of disposal be put utilized while handling the parts of
motorcycles[1]. However, recycling has nothing to do with post-capitalist consumption-based on
the economic models since the pioneers of this particular idea are the true advocates of the
drastic change brought by business people. Thus it may not lead to a solution to sustainability
with respect to social consumption lifestyle. The technique of resources sharing is seen as world
‘s alternative progressive resources problem as experienced in the motorcycle industry as well in
the entire sector of manufacturing.

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APPENDIX
Basic Parts Of a bicycle

Rim and Shaft assembly system:

Assembly models

Real Star model
Paradaveduer model