Research Project on Performance Appraisal in HOTEL HILTON TASK 13 P1.1 Research methodology and methodology

RESEARCH PROJECT ON PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL IN HOTEL HILTON TASK 13 P1.1 Aims and objectives 3 P1.2 Factors that contribute to the process of research project 4 P1.3 Research methodology 4 P1.4 Appropriate plan for research project7 TASK 210 P 2.1 Literature review of key references 10 2.2 Research investigation in accordance with the agreed specification and procedures. 11 TASK 312 2.3 Record and collate relevant data 12 TASK 415 3.1 Research evaluation techniques15 3.2 Interpret and analyse the results 15

RESEARCH PROJECT
ON
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
IN HOTEL HILTON

Table of Contents
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1.1 Aims and objectives............................................................................................................3
P1.2 Factors that contribute to the process of research project ..................................................4
P1.3 Research methodology........................................................................................................4
P1.4 Appropriate plan for research project ................................................................................7
TASK 2..........................................................................................................................................10
P 2.1 Literature review of key references.................................................................................10
2.2 Research investigation in accordance with the agreed specification and procedures.........11
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................12
2.3 Record and collate relevant data.........................................................................................12
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................15
3.1 Research evaluation techniques..........................................................................................15
3.2 Interpret and analyse the results.........................................................................................15
3.3 Recommendations for further consideration.......................................................................17
TASK 5..........................................................................................................................................17
4.1 Outcomes of the research to an audience............................................................................17
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................18

Illustration Index
Illustration 1: Research methodology..............................................................................................6

Title: To analyse the ways by which company maintain performance appraisal in
hospitality industry – A Case Study on hotel Hilton
TASK 1
P1.1 Aims and objectives
Background of the study
Performance appraisal is the systematic and periodic of worker's characteristics in the
matters concerning to his existing job and his prospective for an amended job. It is necessary in
an organisation of hotel Hilton because it provides a review of past work performance(Ayers,
2015). It also assists organisation to create an opportunity for achieving goals and objectives.
Hotel Hilton is one of the fastest growing industry in hospitality sector. It provides the best
services and products to their customers and provide them full satisfaction.
Rationale of the study
Performance appraisal is an essential process in every organisation because it helps in
find out the various appraisal systems which are followed by hotels. It is important because it
helps in identify the person or employee who should be appraise. By performance appraisal hotel
Hilton can improve the job performance and efficiency of productivity(Bizzi, 2018). It is the best
technique to improve the efficiency level of employees and motivate them. There are various
method to motivate the employees and it also affects other employees in positive manner. It is
the method which assist supervisor about the promoting and demoting factors.
Aims and Objectives
Aim: “To analyse the ways by which company maintain performance appraisal in hospitality
industry – A Case Study on hotel Hilton”
Objectives:
 To amend job performance level in chosen business.
 To gain the capabilities of employees. To help the supervisor and top level management in promoting and demoting workers.
Research questions :
 How a performance appraisal can amend the job performance level in chosen business ?
 Analyse the objectives of performance appraisal ?
 Describe the process of performance management ?

P1.2 Factors that contribute to the process of research project
Purpose : It is the fundamental factor which is essential in conducting any research project. If
hotel Hilton do not specify any objective or goal of research project than researcher can not find
out6 the effective data and information. Furthermore, the objective of the research project should
be well defined and specified(DeNisi and Smith, 2014). Purpose should be according to smart
criteria. It should be well explained which needs best of communication skills.
Scope : The scope of performance appraisal is wide and broad in the context of hospitality
industry. Mostly it considers some specific areas such as it provide the workers with
acknowledgement of their roles and responsibilities(Dusterhoff, Cunningham and MacGregor,
2014). It includes the motivation factors as well. Which employee should be promoted and which
one should be demoted is defined by performance appraisal.
Interest : Interest level of investigator is also reasoned as a primary component of research. It is
needed that researcher should be curious to conduct the primary or secondary research. Which
will be taken is depends on the researcher's point of view. Apart from these factors, there are
respective another components which contributes to the procedure of research project. It is
depends on the cost, scope, risk, time, access, quality and resources. These all components are
essential to be reasoned while creating proper plan of action regarding to research project(Iodice
and et.al., 2016).
P1.3 Research methodology
Introduction : Research methodology is a process to collect and gather data and information
from different methods. According to the current research project, researcher is using sampling
design to collect and analyzed data. Furthermore, researcher is exploitation interpretative
philosophy to figure out the issues and problems in research project.
Research design : It is the process of designing and organizing the conditions for collecting the
data that purpose to combine these data to achieve the objectives of research project. There are
various methods to create research design such as sampling, statistical, observational and
operational design(Wang and et.al., 2018).
Research philosophy : It is the part of research methodology which has vital and wide area. It
trades with the resources and development of knowledge. Research onion is the best way to
define research philosophies. According to the current research project, researcher is exploitation

interpretative philosophy to figure out the issues and problems in research project(Tziner and
Rabenu, 2018). Pick out any one philosophy from all options is depends on the relevancy of the
data and contents.
Collection of the data : It is the process of collecting data and information to accomplish the
research project. Furthermore, there are contrary methods in primary research such as interviews,
questionnaires, observations, focus groups, case studies and documents. To conduct primary
research is quite difficult because this method collect only that information which are not used
before. So secondary research method is simple and less time taken. According to the current
research project company is using questionnaire to collect information because this is the method
to gather pure and qualitative contents(Pestonjee, Gupta and Delery, 2015).
Analysis of the data : As data are collected through various resources so it is essential to be
analyzed to be ensure that all the information are pure and relative. It can be finished through
antithetical techniques such as quantitative and qualitative analysis. According to the current
research project, researcher is using Quantitative data analysis because they are anticipated to
change numbers of data and information into purposeful and significant information(Pestonjee,
Gupta and Delery, 2015). .
Illustration 1: Research
methodology
Source : Research
methodology, 2016

Time-scale :
 Task Name  Dura
tion  Start  Finish  Predecess
ors
 Research Project    
 Planning    
 Finding of the
topic
 3
days
 08/12/
18
 Tue
8/15/1
8

 Statements of
problems
 1
day
 10/12/
18
 10/12/
18  1
 Time frame and
allocation of
resources
 2
days
 11/12/
18
 Mon
11/13/
18
 2
 Implementation    
 Literature review  5
days
 12/12/
18
 Mon
12/18/
18
 3
 Selection of
correct research
methodologies
 1
day
 12/12/
18
 12/12/
18  4
 Data analysis and
interpretation
 2
days
 Thu
12/14/
18
 Fri
12/15/
18
 5
 Evaluation of
results and
outcomes
 2
days
 Fri
12/15/
18
 Mon
12/18/
18
 5
 Project closer 
 Sat
12/16/
18
 
 Giving conclusion
and
recommendation
 1
day
 Tue
12/19/
18
 Tue
12/19/
18
 6
 Results of
documentation
 1
day
 Tue
12/19/
18
 Tue
12/19/
18
 7

P1.4 Appropriate plan for research project
Activities Week 1 Week
2
Week
3
Week
4
Week
5
Week
6
Week 7 Week
8
Week
9
Week
10
Week
11
Defining
research
proposal
Defining
background
or rationale
for study
Literature
review
Deciding
aims and
objectives
Finalizing
aims and
objectives
Devising
the
questionnai
re
Gathering
data
Examining
the data
Finding
8

Recommen
dation and
further
areas to be
consider
Final
Submission
Table 1: Gantt chart
9

TASK 2
P 2.1 Literature review of key references
Theme 1 To amend job performance level in chosen business
According to (Selvarajan, Singh and Solansky, 2018) Performance appraisal is
the process by which top level management can evaluate the performance of employees. They
assess the activities on daily basis and give them feedbacks about their performance on a
particular task. They provide different types of appraisals like giving rewards. By this they
motivate the employees. Motivated employees feels satisfaction and put their more efforts to
accomplish a task. There are various methods which can help in to analyse the performance of
workers. By evaluating the improving area, manager can implement new strategies to gain
success in that areas as well.
Theme 2 To gain the capabilities of employees
As per the view of (Dusterhoff, Cunningham and MacGregor, 2014) Motivation is the
best tool to increase the efficiency of the employees which also increase their capabilities.
Through the process of performance appraisal employees gain knowledge about the work done
in organisation and also get knowledge about external factors. With the increasing level of
knowledge employees can improve their capabilities as well. It evaluates the strengths and
weaknesses of employees. After completing this process, manager gives more instructions to
increase their strength factors and overcome their weaknesses. Through which company can gain
capabilities of employees in an organisation(DeNisi and Smith, 2014). There are many other
steps by which company can improve the capabilities of employees such as willingness to
change, education, evaluation, self reflection, goal setting and by conducting many more
practices
Theme 3 To help the supervisor and top level management in promoting and demoting
workers
According to the point of view of (Iodice and et.al., 2016) By performance appraisal, top
level management get the knowledge about the employees that who are doing good and worse.
This information helps the superior in promoting and demoting employees. Employee who is
giving their best, they will promote to next step and worker who is doing worse will demote to
lower level. When manager is going to make decision making plan then performance appraisal

assist the manager to consider all these aspects. Positioning is the main process in any
organization. It is necessary to be done in proper manner. If company promote right person on
right designation then it will influence more employees to do best in their task.
11

2.2 Research investigation in accordance with the agreed specification and procedures.
QUESTIONNAIRE
1. Which is the main process in hospitality industry ?
 Training and development
 Performance appraisal
 Can not say
2. How an employee will become more motivated ?
 By performance appraisal
 By external factors
 Both of the above
3. Is performance appraisal identifies the gaps between employees ?
 Agree
 Disagree
 Do not know
4. What is the other name of performance appraisal ?
 Employee appraisal
 Employee assessment
 Both of the above
5. Is feedback is an objective of PA ?
 Yes
 No
 Can not say
6. Which is the best method of performance appraisal ?
 Assessment centre method
 Critical incident methods
 Both of the above
7. Is performance appraisal motivate employees ?
 Yes
 No
 Can not say
12

8. What is the type of PA ?
 Financial factors
 Non financial factors
 Both of the above
9. Is hotel Hilton using this approach ?
 Yes
 No
 Do not know
10. Is performance appraisal help in increasing the productivity ?
 Agree
 Disagree
 Not sure
TASK 3
2.3 Record and collate relevant data
THEME 1 Performance appraisal is the main process in hospitality industry
Which is the main process in hospitality
industry ?
Respondents
 Training and development 10
 Performance appraisal 12
 Can not say 8
THEME 2 Employees will become more motivated by performance appraisal and external
factors.
How an employee will become more
motivated ?
Respondents
 By performance appraisal 10
13

 By external factors 6
 Both of the above 14
THEME 3 Performance appraisals is identifying the gaps between employees
Is performance appraisal identifies the gaps
between employees ?
Respondents
 Agree 15
 Disagree 7
 Do not know 8
THEME 4 Employee appraisal and Employee assessment both are the other name of
performance appraisal
What is the other name of performance
appraisal ?
Respondents
 Employee appraisal 7
 Employee assessment 5
 Both of the above 18
THEME 5 Feedback is an objective of PA
Is feedback an objective of PA ? Respondents
 Yes 16
 No 9
 Can not say 5
14

THEME 6 Assessment centre method and Critical incident methods both are the best method
of performance appraisal.
Which is the best method of performance
appraisal ?
Respondents
 Assessment centre method 10
 Critical incident methods 6
 Both of the above 14
THEME 7 Performance appraisals motivates employees
Is Performance appraisals motivates
employees ?
Respondents
 Yes 13
 No 8
 Can not say 9
THEME 8 Financial factors and Non financial factor both are the types of PA.
What is the type of PA ? Respondents
 Financial factors 8
 Non financial factors 5
 Both of the above 17
THEME 9 Hotel Hilton is using performance appraisal approach
Is hotel Hilton using this approach ? Respondents
15

 Yes 18
 No 7
 Do not know 5
THEME 10 Performance appraisal helps in increasing the productivity
Is performance appraisal help in increasing
the productivity ?
Respondents
 Agree 14
 Disagree 9
 Not sure 7
TASK 4
3.1 Research evaluation techniques
Formative technique : It permits the investigator to assess and supervise the progression toward
accomplishment of objectives and goals. It is the way that discover out the misconceptions and
acquisition gaps and also assist to ambient these spreads(Pestonjee, Gupta and Delery, 2015).
Summative technique : It is specifically centred on the outcomes of a program however,
summative assessment conducted only at the end of the unit or program.
Company is exploiting summative techniques for their research project. Because it is
focused to the results of the research project(Wang and et.al., 2018). It is essential to be assessed
that what the results would be occurred after there investigation and it could be finished through
summative assessment only.
3.2 Interpret and analyse the results
INTERPRETATION 1
16

From the above table it can be concluded that there are 12 respondents who agreed that
performance appraisal is the main process in hospitality industry. This is the method which
motivate the employees to put their more efforts in accomplishing the task.
INTERPRETATION 2
There are 14 frequents who said that employees will become more motivated by
performance appraisal and external factors. There are various methods by which manager can
motivate their employees such as by giving rewards or cash prizes.
INTERPRETATION 3
15 respondents who agreed about that performance appraisals is identifying the gaps
between employees. It finds out the gaps between the subordinates and top level management
and try to resolve them.
INTERPRETATION 4
According to the table there are 18 respondents who said that employee appraisal and
employee assessment both are the other name of performance appraisal. It is also known as
several other names.
INTERPRETATION 5
There are 16 frequents who agreed that Feedback is an objective of PA. They take feed-
backs from their employees on quarterly basis. Through feedback, they get the knowledge about
the concerning factors which should be considered and require to improving.
INTERPRETATION 6
14 respondents from 30 targeted people agreed that Assessment center method and
Critical incident methods both are the best method of performance appraisal. There are various
methods of performance appraisal such as essay assessment, human resource accounting method
and rating scale.
INTERPRETATION 7
From the above table it can be concluded that there are 13 frequents who said that
Performance appraisals motivates employees. Through this, manager gives rewards and many
other cash prizes to their employees by which they self motivated and influence other employees
as well.
INTERPRETATION 8
17

There are 17 candidates from targeted people agreed that Financial factors and Non
financial factor both are the types of PA.
INTERPRETATION 9
Hotel Hilton is using performance appraisal approach as it is accepted by majority of
selected candidates in there questionnaire method. People are know about the hotel Hilton. On
which basis they agreed about this factor.
INTERPRETATION 10
Performance appraisal helps in increasing the productivity because 14 respondents agreed
about this factor. As there is increasing level of motivation among employees thus it is obvious
that it will increase the efficiency of productivity.
3.3 Recommendations for further consideration
As there are various advantages of performance appraisal in the other hand limitations are
also existed. Performance appraisal is a systematic evaluation of how well workers perform their
task in relation to achieving objectives and standards. Limitations can be defined as halo effect,
horn effects, central tendency, strictness, spill over effect, fear of spoiling kinship between
employees and lack of clarity. Apart from this, there are several other limitations such as bias of
appraisers, ambiguity in standards, insufficient evidences, average rating difficulties and other
similarity errors.
It is recommended to hotel Hilton in the order to improve performance appraisal that
keep in mind about the career development planning. In addition to this, quarterly meetings are
also recommended providing regular feedbacks and performance reviews. The fundamental step
in the process of performance appraisal should be goal setting. It is essential to develop job plan
by which goals and expectations will be designed according to the given format. Process of
performance appraisal should includes an employee self evaluation because self assessment is
the best method to evaluate the performance by own.
TASK 5
4.1 Outcomes of the research to an audience
Covered in ppt
18

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Ayers, R.S., 2015. Aligning individual and organizational performance: Goal alignment in
federal government agency performance appraisal programs. Public Personnel
Management. 44(2). pp.169-191.
Bizzi, L., 2018. The problem of employees' network centrality and supervisors' error in
performance appraisal: A multilevel theory. Human Resource Management. 57(2).
pp.515-528.
DeNisi, A. and Smith, C. E., 2014. Performance appraisal, performance management, and firm-
level performance: A review, a proposed model, and new directions for future
research. The Academy of Management Annals, 8(1), pp.127-179.Landy, F., Zedeck, S.
and Cleveland, J. eds., 2017. Performance measurement and theory (Vol. 25). Taylor &
Francis.
Dusterhoff, C., Cunningham, J. B. and MacGregor, J. N., 2014. The effects of performance
rating, leader–member exchange, perceived utility, and organizational justice on
performance appraisal satisfaction: Applying a moral judgment perspective. Journal of
business ethics. 119(2). pp.265-273.
Iodice, P. and et.al., 2016. Energy, economic and environmental performance appraisal of a
trigeneration power plant for a new district: Advantages of using a renewable
fuel. Applied Thermal Engineering. 95. pp.330-338.
Pestonjee, D., Gupta, N. and Delery, J. E., 2015. Organizing the Performance Appraisal Context.
In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 19122). Briarcliff Manor,
NY 10510: Academy of Management.
Selvarajan, T. T., Singh, B. and Solansky, S., 2018. Performance appraisal fairness, leader
member exchange and motivation to improve performance: A study of US and Mexican
employees. Journal of Business Research. 85. pp.142-154.
Tziner, A. and Rabenu, E., 2018. Ways to improve the performance appraisal system 1: Rater
training. In Improving Performance Appraisal at Work. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Wang, Z. B., and et.al., 2018. Performance appraisal for the operation and management of listed
and OTC Taiwanese companies with DEA benchmarking models. Journal of the Asia
Pacific Economy, pp.1-18.
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