The Prospect of Brexit Effecting in Rail Gourmet Operations

This research project investigates and analyzes the main four points of Brexit that will affect businesses: Employment, immigration, economy, and supply chain.

Research Project
(Assignment Code: K/601/0941)
Research Project Title:
“The Prospect ofBrexit Effecting in Rail GourmetOperations”
By
Gabriel Mancebo Toribio
(Student ID: MRC/23667/HND)
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Research Project by Gabriel Mancebo Toribio – ID: MRC/23667/HND

Abstract
Brexit has become a main focus of attention for business around the globe,
especially for those businesses established in UK and unable to plan ahead because
Britishpoliticians do not relevant information about Britain economy future or do not
give any Brexit outcome. Since the vote in 2016, politicians couldnot guarantee an
agreement with EU, causing doubts, disruption and uncertainty, if the UK will survive
outside the EU without a deal and without a customs union and trading with other
markets. The research project has investigated and analyses the main four points of
Brexit that will affect businesses: Employment, immigration, economy and supply
chain.
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Research Project by Gabriel Mancebo Toribio – ID: MRC/23667/HND

Table of contents
1. Introduction …………………………………………………………….. Page5
2. Company Profile ………………………………………………………. Page 5
3. The Importance of this Research Project Study …………………… Page 5
4. Aims of this Research Project ……………………………………….. Page 6
5. Research Project Milestones ………………………………………… Page 6
6. Research Project Plan ………………………………………………... Page 7
7. Research Project Specifications …………………………………….. Page 7
8. Research Methodology ……………………………………………….. Page 8
9. Literature Review ……………………………………………………… Page 9
10. Research Results / Survey Results ………………………………..... Page
11. Interview Results ……………………………………………………… Page
12. Discussion ……………………………………………………………… Page
13. Research Recommendations …………………………….………….. Page
14. Research Limitation ………………………..…………………………. Page
15. Researcher Reflexion …………………………..…………………….. Page
16. Conclusion ……………………………………………………………... Page
17. Bibliography ……………………………………………………………. Page
18. Appendixes ……………………..…………………………………….. Page
16.1. Questionnaire …………………………………..…………… Page
16.2. Interview questionnaire…………..……………………….… Page
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Research Project by Gabriel Mancebo Toribio – ID: MRC/23667/HND

1. Introduction
This Research project will discuss and exposes the main key issue that British
business will be affected after Brexit. The researcher will use for this research Rail
Gourmet Ltd, a multinational company, due to their multinational logistic and
operation worldwide. To do so, the researcher will use in this research will start
explaining the importance of this research including the milestone, then the
researcher will discuss multiple theories from other researcher in the literature review
that will help the researcher to create hypothesis. Perhaps, the researcher will use
qualitative and quantitative techniques in form of survey and interview face-to-face
with customers and employees. Both techniques will help this research with more
specific information about Brexit and will allow the researcher to understand some
gaps that the literature review cannot cover. As mention the whole research will
cover different areas that Brexit is currently affecting or will affect if the United
Kingdom leave without a deal. Therefore, the researcher will cover all the areas,
mainly Employment, Law, Immigration and supply chain. To conclude with the
research, the researcher will conclude with some suggestion and recommendations,
a personal reflexion and a final conclusion.
2. Company Profile
The researcher has chosen Rail Gourmet as a business model for this research due
the operation around UK and Europe.Rail Gourmet Ltd, better known as RG or SSP;
Which is a multinational British company that operates worldwide and with main
headquarters in London (United Kingdom). The organization operates in more that
300 railway stations and 700 airports around the globe and has more 30.000
employees in UK and more that 300.000 employees around the globe.
3. The Importance of this Research Project Study
Since the Brexit vote in 2016, Brexit is the main concern of British and foreign
businesses due to the adverse changes in law, employment, supply chain, policies,
etc. Therefore, those changes force organizations to spend large amount of money
for adapting and preparing for those adverse changes. Perhaps, some organizations
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Research Project by Gabriel Mancebo Toribio – ID: MRC/23667/HND

are preparing to move their operation to other European countries and panning to
stop all the operation in UK, because they believe that the economy will be seriously
damage after the Brexit. Businesses are facing uncertainty due prices increase (If
not trade deal is agree) inability to employ qualified employees outside UK due
changes in the immigration law and most importantly the supply change.
The researcher wants first to understand the behaviour of this organizations, using
Rail Gourmet ltd as a main business model for this researcher due their multinational
operation around the world. This research project studies the main issues of Brexit,
how businesses are preparing for his changes and most importantly how Brexit will
impact on businessoperations.
4. Aims of this Research Project
This research aims are to identify the key factor that organizations will face or
recently facing due the uncertainty of Brexit using as a main source of information
Rail Gourmet operations. Before achieving those aims, the researcher will set some
important key points, objectives, that need to be addressed
1) Understand the Rail Gourmet operation and how Brexit will impact their
operation.
2) Identify the main concern that Rail Gourmet operations will face after Brexit.
3) Identify which business operation will be affected.
4) Suggest for avoiding certain risk of Brexit that may affect the operation.
5) Recommendation of how drastically changes need to be address and how to
adapt to further changes.
5. Research Project Milestones
The main milestone of this research is that the researcher will use primary and
secondary. Primary data will be obtained from both quantitative and qualitative will
consist in a number of questions or survey and an interview with candidates in case
the researcher need more information. This will allow the researcher to obtain
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Research Project by Gabriel Mancebo Toribio – ID: MRC/23667/HND

essential information necessary for this research. On the other hand, secondary data
will be obtained from journal, articles, books and educational website, that will allow
the researcher to better understanding of the theories and techniques done by
another researcher works. Another milestone to add in this research is the
discussion that will allow the researcher to explain deeply all the data collected from
primary and secondary sources, by mixing both main sources to clarify the whole
content of the information obtained.
6. Research Project Plan
The researcher has been given a time set from the lecture to complete this research
project. This research will start at 7th of January 2019 and finishing on 23rd of March
2019. The researcher will commence this research by completing the literature
review first, as suggested from the lecture. Then once completed, the researcher will
start creating a questionnaire and inviting candidates to attend the survey and
interview. Once the researcher completes the survey and interview, the researcher
will analyse carefully the information collected and will create a discussion where the
researcher will mix primary and secondary source, which are link to the main topic of
this research, for better understanding of the whole research and the outcome. Once
all tasksare completed the researcher will submit his work to the lecture for further
feedback and will made changes if is need it.
7. Research Project Specifications
During the literature review, the researcher identified an issue with customer
behavior when purchase a product. Majority of the customers do not want to
purchase expensive products or luxury products, because the result showed that
majority of the customers cut of the shopping due the Brexit result and prefer to
spend more in products with major necessity such as food, drinks or personal
hygiene. On the other hand, the literate review along with the result reflected that
organizations are suffering for recruiting new staff and they are unprepared for
changes in legislation, law and importation prices. Perhaps, the incising taxation
after Brexit is the main worry of organizations.
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Research Project by Gabriel Mancebo Toribio – ID: MRC/23667/HND

Therefore, in this research project, the researcher will identify the main key points that
Brexit will impact in organization, using Rail Gourmet (RG) operation as model and
example for this research and the researcher will explore how the economy may also
affect the organization. The main key issues that will affect or is affecting are changes
in the legislation, taxation, finance, immigration, employment, supply change and
exportation and importation. Perhaps, the researcher will examine how organizations
are preparing for those changes and how their operation will change.
8. Research Methodology
Firstly, the methods that the researcher will use to obtain data will be primary and
secondary methods. The primary method will consist in obtaining data from the
candidates that will participate in the survey and interview. On the other hand,
secondary data will be obtained from other researcher or authors journal,
newspaper, article, book and appropriate websites that also is related with this
research topic. Perhaps, the researcher will mix both methods during the discussion,
allowing the researcher to create hypothesis.
The researcher will use two approach in this research deductive and inductive. The
deductive approach will consist in collecting data from primary and secondary
sources for formulating different hypothesis. Inductive approach will consist setting
the aims and objectives of this research. Perhaps, inductive approach will allow the
research to compare the data collected, allowing the research to explore and create
different theories for the discussion and conclusion.
The simple size in this research will consist in forty candidates. All candidates are
employed by the organization, the researcher selected 30 employees and 10-line
manager. The researcher was not able to invite more candidates for the survey and
interview due busy pick time in the locations (Mostly airports and railway stations)
and some manager did not want to disclose private information about the
organization. Perhaps, some employees did not want to participate. Therefore, the
researcher uses the non-probability sampling, which is consisting in selecting
random candidates.
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Research Project by Gabriel Mancebo Toribio – ID: MRC/23667/HND

9. Literature review
During this section, the researcher will obtain information from articles, books,
journal and educational or government websites that are related with the main topic
of this research and necessary to create hypothesis during the discussion. Financial services affecting organizations after Brexit
Financial service in United Kingdom is available for businesses twenty four hours a
day and seven days a week, allowing organizations to acquire financial services
instantly. These financial services included payments, loan, banking or even
accessing to trade markets. According with Daniel Gros (2016), financial services
could be the first sector to be affected if a no-deal is reached due the low growth
economy and a possible financial crash (James, and Quaglia, 2019, p. 258-271).
This will force financial companies such as bank to move their operation overseas,
reducing their services or even to stop completely their services in UK. The
researcher agrees with Gros’s book that the financial sector will be the first to be
affected in the event of no-deal. However, in today’s world majority of the financial
services can be done online or phone, this could be an alternative for those financial
companies willing to move their operations overseas (Portes, and Forte, 2017, p. 31-
44). Taxation affecting organizations after Brexit
The low growth economy in UK and inflammation along with a possibility of
unemployment figures rising drastically in the event of no-deal agreement will be the
detonation for rising taxes, business rate and VAT (Wright et al., 2016, p. 682-686).
Such as scenario will force majority of British businesses to shut down due the
increasing of taxes and the VAT in goods, especially in products imported from the
EU (Bull, 2017). The researcher agrees with the Bull’s journal that organizations will
suffer to cope with their operation if the government decides to increase the taxes.
However, this scenario will not impact in businesses immediately after Brexit, the
process could take long time to take place (Coulter, and Hancké, 2016, p. 148-156).
Perhaps, the government will raise the TAX accordingly with the economy
circumstance. Legislation change affecting organizations after Brexit
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After Brexit, there are many changes related to legislation will impact the
business approach of the organization. The legislation like MiFID, EMIR and Data
privacy will be change and will have a significant impact on the working of an
organization (Oliver, 2017, p. 519-532). According to analysis, the third country firms
will not be able to use the London based subsidiaries to maintain their business.
Moreover, the EMIR will not apply to the UK as UK firms will not maintain the
business with central counterparties (Dhingra et al., 2016, p. 2). The data protection
legislation GDPR will also not apply to the UK as an organization cannot share the
information related to the transfer of products and services. Immigration law change affecting organizations after Brexit
The immigration laws of the UK are changed after the Brexit, the new Start-up
visa was announced that involve open applications for experienced business
persons who can endorse the business. This kind of change is having a positive
impact on organizational operations as Tier 1 Entrepreneur Visa encourage the
innovation, viability and scalability for the business person to start the business in the
UK (Ringe, 2018, p. 1-34). The reform of immigration law is helping the overseas
entrepreneur to submit the application under the existing route and manage the
business operations from distance (Sampson, 2017, p. 163-184). Employment law change affecting organizations after Brexit
The free movement in the UK will be affected after the Brexit as the changes
in the current Points Based System for immigration. Now the higher skills worker can
get permission to work in the UK (Di Cataldo, 2017, p. 814-839). The employer can
hire and select people by considering knowledge and level of experience to manage
their operations. The employer can offer Tier 2 (General) Visa for the highly skilled
people and offer £30,000 salary. The immigration charges will be £1000 per worker.
However, the employer would not have to advertise non-shortage occupational roles
for foreign workers. Employment turnover affecting organizations due to Brexit uncertainty
The event of Brexit has increased uncertainty for foreign workers as changes
in laws and working conditions affecting the living approach. The organizations are
also not clear about the future approaches related to working visa and extension
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period for immigration. These factors are influencing the rate of employee turnover in
the UK. The high turnover rate in the services and manufacturing sector is having a
negative impact on the business productivity and profit level of the organization
(Schoenmaker, 2017, p. 119-138). Moreover, the lack of skilled employee is affecting
operational activities and the quality of the products and services of the organization. Supply change affecting organizations after Brexit
The changes in legislation and regulations for business and developing
partnership activities with foreign companies are affecting the supply chain function
in the UK. The leading organizations are facing issues for inventory, logistic planning
and delivery of the products and services (Simionescu, 2016, p. 1-18). The
organizations are not clear with taxation which will apply to the supply chain
operations. The lack of knowledge related to regulations is affecting supply chain
functions of the organization in the UK after the Brexit (Cumming, and Zahra, 2016,
p. 687-692). Stock change affecting the economy after Brexit
The GDP growth of the country after the referendum of Brexit is getting
slower. The British organizations are not able to export goods and services as a new
rule of supply chain and taxation was applied by the government. The trade
relationship of the organization was affected due to Brexit that has increased inflation
(Ziv et al., 2018, p. 487-498). The decline in production, trade and export of goods
and services is having a direct impact on the economic condition and stock change
values of the organizations in the UK as share prices are declining compared to
international values (McMahon, 2016, p. 95-101). International trading affecting organizations sales
The uncertainty in business operation and regulation related to trade is having
a direct impact on the international trading and sales of the organizations of UK. The
management of the company is not having clear information related to tax structure
after the Brexit and regulations of maintaining international trade with the EU
countries (Ebell, and Warren, 2016, p. 12-138). The exchange of products and
services was easy while being a member of EU but that Brexit has affected
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international trading of UK organization and having a negative impact on
organizational sales. Transportation delays affecting organizations
The transportation delay is not a big issue for the organization due to Brexit.
The changes in supply chain rules and trading policies with EU countries are having
some influence on the supply of the goods and services that slowing the
manufacturing operations. The organizations are facing a delay in transportation as a
lack of information about new regulation for logistics and distribution of finished
goods (Lightfoot, Mawdsley, and Szent‐Iványi, 2017, p.517-524). The uncertainty
related to charges and supply changes is affecting the operations of companies in
the UK. Organizations affected due to slow growth in the economy
The event of Brexit has affected overall business rules and regulations in the
UK. The growth of the economy is slow due to new trade policies and relationship
with overseas organizations. The slow economy is having a direct impact on
organizational functions for manufacturing and distribution of goods and services
(MacMillan, 2016, p. 420-430). In addition to this, lack of trade relationship with EU
countries has increased the tax on services that creating an extra burden on the
organization to maintain the growth in the slow economy (Taylor-Gooby, 2017, p.
815-835). Organizations moving their operation to other European countries
By considering the impact of changes after Brexit the organizations are
looking to shift the business operation from the UK to other EU countries. The slow
economy and extra tax on export and import of goods and services are minimizing
the profitability of the organization (Ford, M., 2016, p. 473-495). These kinds of
complications are encouraging the organization to move the operation to EU
affiliated countries (Dhingra et al., 2018, p. 9-24).
10. Research Project Specifications
During the literature review, the researcher identified an issue with customer
behavior when purchase a product. Majority of the customers do not want to
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Research Project by Gabriel Mancebo Toribio – ID: MRC/23667/HND

purchase expensive products or luxury products, because the result showed that
majority of the customers cut of the shopping due the Brexit result and prefer to
spend more in products with major necessity such as food, drinks or personal
hygiene. On the other hand, the literate review along with the result reflected that
organizations are suffering for recruiting new staff and they are unprepared for
changes in legislation, law and importation prices. Perhaps, the incising taxation
after Brexit is the main worry of organizations.
Therefore, in this research project, the researcher will identify the main key points that
Brexit will impact in organization, using Rail Gourmet (RG) operation as model and
example for this research and the researcher will explore how the economy may also
affect the organization. The main key issues that will affect or is affecting are changes
in the legislation, taxation, finance, immigration, employment, supply change and
exportation and importation. Perhaps, the researcher will examine how organizations
are preparing for those changes and how their operation will change.
11. Research Results / Survey Result
During this section, the researcher will explain in detail each question answered from
the candidates and the translate all the data transformed in statistical data for better
understanding.
 Figure 1: Candidates gender
Female Male Prefer not to say
0
5
10
15
20
25
18
21
1
"Candidates gender"
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Research Project by Gabriel Mancebo Toribio – ID: MRC/23667/HND

For the first question, the researcher decided to ask a simple question and asked to
each candidate their gender. The results show that 21 participants were male (52%),
18 participants were female (45%) and 1 participant (3%) decided no to disclose any
detail about his/her gender.
 Figure 2: Occupation in the organization
Customer Service Supervisor Line Manager Prefer not to say
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
"Candidates job title"
To continue with the previous question, in question number two, the researcher
decided to ask the participant’s occupation within the organization. The result shows
that 30 participants work as customer service (75%) and 10 currently working as a
manager (25%). The researcher was not able to survey supervisor (0%) because
managers were working during the shift and the were able to manage the staff.
 Figure 3: Scarcity in products and suppliers’stock
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Research Project by Gabriel Mancebo Toribio – ID: MRC/23667/HND

50%
25%
13%
13%
"Scarcity of the product affecting the suppliers stcok"
Srongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
In question number three, the researcher moved forwards and asked the participants
about the scarcity of the products and the inability of some product from the
suppliers. The results show that 20 candidates strongly agree (50%), 10 candidates
agree (25%), 5 candidates disagree (12%) and 13 candidates disagree (13%)
 Figure 4: Recession in sales
63%
5%
13%
13%
8%
"Customers do not want to spend money due the brexit
prospect"
Srongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
When asked to candidates if the recession is the organization sales is due the
prospect of Brexit, the results shows that 25 candidates strongly agree (62%), 2
candidates agree (5%), 5 candidates voted neutral (12%), another 5 candidates
disagree (13%) and 3 candidates strongly disagree (8%).
 Figure 5: Brexit affecting employment turnover
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20%
5%
25%
50%
"Recent employement turnover is realted with Brexit
prospect"
Srongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
In question number five
 Figure 6
75%
3%
13%
10%
"New inmigration legistation will affect
Rail Gourmet"
Srongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
 Figure 7
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Research Project by Gabriel Mancebo Toribio – ID: MRC/23667/HND

50%
5%
13%
8%
25%
"Rail Gourmet and other organizations will
scope without access to the European
Market"
Srongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
 Figure 8
75%
8%
18%
"Issues accessing to financial services"
Srongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
 Figure 9
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20%
43%
38%
"Negative or positive impact opinion about
Brexit"
Positive
Negative
Do not know
 Figure 10
88%
13%
"Brexit has anegative impact to the
economy and the organizations"
Srongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
 Figure 11
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38%
3%
5%
5%
50%
"Will Rail Gourmet and other oganizatios
adapt to further changes"
Srongly agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
12. Interview Results
During the interview the researcher was able to collect extra information that the
survey could not cover. Firs the researcher set six question, linked with
questionnaire questions, for obtaining further understanding of the candidates
answer. Perhaps, this allow the researcher the credibility of the candidates answer.
The researcher identified that majority of the candidates agree that the negative
impact of Brexit will impact British economy and market, with limitation in sales and
trading with other foreign countries. Perhaps, this limitation will affect in majority of
the import product, because organization will be unable to obtain the desirable
product for the right price due the incrementation of tax and prices. On the other
hand, this will also affect employability due the probably of change in the immigration
legislation, impeding organizations such Rail Gourmet to recruit new candidates.
13. Discussion
14. Research Recommendations
In this section the researcher will give several recommendations that Rail Gourmet,
also other companies, need to follow to avoid huge expending in move their
operations in other country locations and how they need to adapt to further changes
after Brexit.
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Research Project by Gabriel Mancebo Toribio – ID: MRC/23667/HND

 Reduce extra cost or unnecessary expenses that the organization does not
require in order to retain the organizations profit. Example: Investing in stores
location overseas.
 Considerate in relocating the whole operation. As mentioned, this will include
in a huge expending, because the organization will have to make redundant to
the employees that are not willing to relocate, and this will also incur in huge
amount of money in recruiting and training new employees.
 Increase wages and company benefits for retaining foreigner employees. As
discussed, wages will be the main issue after Brexit due inflammation and low
growth in the economy and also many foreigners will relocate due those
issue. The researcher suggested, that organizations need to raise at list the
employee salaries to National minimum wages in order to retain the
employees and avoid staff turnover.
 Adapt earlier or as soon as possible to changes in British law and legislation.
This should be no problem for majority of the companies as changes will take
long process to take in power and organizations will be able to adapt their
operation on time.
 Stockpiling more product in the event of no-deal. This should be a short-term
problem, as the government and businesses will find ways to obtain their
products to the right price or other product substitutes.
 Avoid unnecessary loan or credits. Organizations should avoid loans or
credits in case annual fees and interest raises due Brexit result, inflection and
low growth economy.
 Help employees to obtain visa or settle documents for work after Brexit. As
discussed before, organizations need to help their employees to obtain the
appropriate settle status to leave and work in the UK. This will allow
businesses to retain their employees and avoid high staff turnover.
15. Research Limitation
The costs involved in this research was not relatively huge, as the only expenses
involved for this research was printing cost, necessary for the survey and interview
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questionnaire. The methods used for this research was surveys and regression
analysis (Interview question). Wit the survey, the researcher was able to obtain
information, which was relatively easy. On the other hand, the interview questions
allow the researcher to deep explore the candidates answer with further information,
necessary for creating the discussion and formulating hypothesis. Furthermore, both
methods were convenient for this research, as the researcher was able to gain
information fast and transform the information into statistical data (The researcher
created statistical data graphs for each question). However, during the survey
process, there was some disadvantages were candidates did not understand the
question and gave inaccurate answer. Perhaps, some of candidates declined to
participate due the busy time in the store.
Another limitation is the researcher only included employees from Rail Gourmet and
could not include customers due the busy environmentin railway stations and
airports. Also, there was a huge number of customers declined to participate since
day one, because the did not willing to patriciate and disclose their views about
Brexit direction or if they agree or disagree with Brexit. Furthermore, the researcher
was only able to survey morning employees, because there were few employees
working in the afternoon plus no many line managers are on shift in the afternoon.
During the literature review, the researcher conducted a regression analysis. The
researcher was able to explore and analyse other researcher or authors work linked with the
topic of this researcher. This method was necessary for creating the survey and create
hypothesis along with the survey result. Searching information for the literature review was
relatively easy to gain from journals and newspapers. However, for this method was need
extra time to read and structure each literature review. Perhaps, some information from
online sources were exaggerated or gave wrong details, even false detail, about the topic of
this research. Therefore, the researcher decided to include only journals and reliable
newspaper articles for this research.
16. Researcher Reflexion
Overall, the researcher was able to scope with the tasks set for this this research
project and the tasks given by the lecture for the completion of this research. First,
the researcher set the aim of this research and the milestones of this research.
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Then, the researcher moved on and started collecting secondary data for completing
the literature review, related with the topic of this research. This help the researcher
for creating the appropriate questions for the questionnaire. During the survey, the
researcher struggled to invite candidate’s due majority of the employees did not want
to participate. On the other hand, selecting the right candidates was essay because
the researcher identifies the willingness of the candidates for participating in the
survey.
Finally, once the survey was done and all the data collected, the researcher was
able to carefully analyse the data collected and transformed in statistical data that
helps the researcher to discuss the data analysed and linked with the literature
review. Perhaps, the research was able to identify what techniques of approach and
methods of collecting data he used for this research.
The methods and techniques involve in this research, helps the researcher to gain
more knowledge and more experience in how to structure and write a research
project and how to use to appropriate tools for the gaining data and vital information
for the research topic.
17. Conclusion
Brexit results and negotiation, has impacted the away that organizations operate in
UK and also around the world, pushing organizations to face uncertainty because
they cannot adapt to drastically changes or rapid changes. During the research, the
researcher was able to identify main key issue points of the impact of Brexit in
business. The result obtained during the survey, concluded that organizations, Rail
Gourmet, are willing to move their operation to other countries if a no-deal Brexit is
the outcome. As discussed, this means that organization not able to access to
European markets and unable to recruit qualified and no-qualified labour. Perhaps,
Brexit affect in customer behaviour shopping. Therefore, this researcher can be
concluded that organization need to plan ahead of Brexit negotiations, event in the
event of no-deal, so the can ovoid being affected for the concerns mentioned in this
research and also moving their entire operation to other European countries, which
is absolutely unnecessary and highly costly.
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18. Bibliography
 Bull G. (2017) RSMUK. “Who will Pay Tax, and How Much, After Brexit?”.
Available on: https://www.rsmuk.com/blog/who-will-pay-tax-and-how-much-
after-brexit [Accessed: 3rd March 2019]
 Gros D. (2016) CEPS Commentary. “The Economist of Brexit: It’s not about
the internal Market”. Pages 1 – 3.
Coulter, S. and Hancké, B., 2016. A bonfire of the regulations, or business as usual?
The UK labour market and the political economy of Brexit. The Political
Quarterly, 87(2), pp.148-156.
<https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-923X.12245>
Cumming, D.J. and Zahra, S.A., 2016. International business and entrepreneurship
implications of Brexit. British Journal of Management, 27(4), pp.687-692. <
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1467-8551.12192>
Dhingra, S., Ottaviano, G., Rappoport, V., Sampson, T. and Thomas, C., 2018. UK
trade and FDI: A post‐Brexit perspective. Papers in Regional Science, 97(1),
pp.9-24. <https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/pirs.12345>
Dhingra, S., Ottaviano, G., Sampson, T. and Van Reenen, J., 2016. The impact of
Brexit on foreign investment in the UK. BREXIT 2016, 24, p.2. <
http://www.kenwitsconsultancy.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/BREXIT-
2016-Policy-Analysis-from-the-Centre-for-Economic-
Performance.pdf#page=40>
Di Cataldo, M., 2017. The impact of EU Objective 1 funds on regional development:
Evidence from the UK and the prospect of Brexit. Journal of Regional
Science, 57(5), pp.814-839.
<https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jors.12337>
Ebell, M. and Warren, J., 2016. The long-term economic impact of leaving the
EU. National Institute Economic Review, 236(1), pp.121-138.
<https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/002795011623600115?
journalCode=nera>
Ford, M., 2016. The Impact of Brexit on UK Labour Law. International Journal of
Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations, 32(4), pp.473-495. <
http://www.kluwerlawonline.com/abstract.php?
area=Journals&id=IJCL2016024>
James, S. and Quaglia, L., 2019. Brexit, the city and the contingent power of
finance. New political economy, 24(2), pp.258-271.
<https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563467.2018.1484717>
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Lightfoot, S., Mawdsley, E. and Szent‐Iványi, B., 2017. Brexit and UK international
development policy. The Political Quarterly, 88(3), pp.517-524. <
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-923X.12369>
MacMillan, C., 2016. The impact of brexit upon English contract law. King's Law
Journal, 27(3), pp.420-430.
<https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09615768.2016.1250468?
journalCode=rklj20>
McMahon, M., 2016. The implications of Brexit for the city. Brexit beckons: Thinking
ahead by leading economists, CEPR Press, London, pp.95-101.
<https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economics/research/centres/cage/manage/
publications/80_mcmahon_17.pdf>
Oliver, T., 2017. Never mind the Brexit? Britain, Europe, the world and
Brexit. International Politics, 54(4), pp.519-532.<
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/s41311-017-0043-y>
Portes, J. and Forte, G., 2017. The economic impact of Brexit-induced reductions in
migration. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 33(suppl_1), pp.S31-S44.
<https://academic.oup.com/oxrep/article/33/suppl_1/S31/3066076>
Ringe, W.G., 2018. The irrelevance of Brexit for the European financial
market. European Business Organization Law Review, 19(1), pp.1-34.
<https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40804-018-0106-6>
Sampson, T., 2017. Brexit: the economics of international disintegration. Journal of
Economic Perspectives, 31(4), pp.163-184. < https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?
id=10.1257/jep.31.4.163>
Schoenmaker, D., 2017. The UK financial sector and EU Integration after Brexit: The
issue of passporting. In The Economics of UK-EU Relations (pp. 119-138).
Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. < https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-
319-55495-2_5>
Simionescu, M., 2016. The impact of BREXIT on the foreign direct investment in the
United Kingdom. Bulgarian Economic Papers, 7, pp.1-18.
<https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=442892>
Taylor-Gooby, P., 2017. Re-Doubling the Crises of the Welfare State: The impact of
Brexit on UK welfare politics. Journal of Social Policy, 46(4), pp.815-835. <
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-social-policy/article/
redoubling-the-crises-of-the-welfare-state-the-impact-of-brexit-on-uk-welfare-
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equity and management. British Journal of Management, 27(4), pp.682-686.
<https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1467-8551.12191>
Ziv, G., Watson, E., Young, D., Howard, D.C., Larcom, S.T. and Tanentzap, A.J.,
2018. The potential impact of Brexit on the energy, water and food nexus in the
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UK: A fuzzy cognitive mapping approach. Applied Energy, 210, pp.487-498. <
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261917310450>

19. Appendixes
19.1. Questionnaire
“Questionnaire”
 Surveyor Name:
 Surveyor ID:
 Candidate Name:
1. Are you?
o Male
o Female
o Prefer not to say
2. Could you indicate, your main role in the organization?
o Customer Service
o Supervisor
o Line Manager
o Prefer not to say
3. Do you think that the scarcity of the stock is affected because majority of the suppliers obtain their
product from European providers?
o Strongly agree
o Agree
o Neutral
o Disagree
o Strongly disagree
4. Do think that the recession in sales it is because customer prefer not to spend or cut their
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GABRIEL MANCEBO TORIBIO
MRC/23667/HND

expenses due the uncertainty of Brexit?
o Agree
o Neutral
o Disagree
o Strongly disagree
5. Do you think that the reason behind high employment turnover in the organization is related
because of Brexit?
o Strongly agree
o Agree
o Neutral
o Disagree
o Strongly disagree
6. Do you believe, that the implementation of new immigration law and procedure will affect Rail
Gourmet and other organization for recruiting new staff?
o Strongly agree
o Agree
o Neutral
o Disagree
o Strongly disagree
7. Do you think that Rail Gourmet will be able to scope without access to the European market?
(This also includes other organizations)
o Strongly agree
o Agree
o Neutral
o Disagree
o Strongly disagree
8. If the government decides to move forward the no-deal and the banks around UK becomes
stricter during the process of loans and other services. Do you think Rail Gourmet will suffering in
accessing to those loans and other finance services?
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o Strongly agree
o Agree
o Neutral
o Disagree
o Strongly disagree
9. Would you agree that Brexit has a negative or positive impact?
o Positive
o Negative
o Do not know
10. Would you agree, as full-time employee that a no-deal Brexit has a negative impact in the country
economy and organization operation?
o Strongly agree
o Agree
o Neutral
o Disagree
o Strongly disagree
11. Finally. Do you think that Rail gourmet and other organization, will be able to adapt in the
outcoming changes after Brexit and plan ahead for avoid any risk involve?
o Strongly agree
o Agree
o Neutral
o Disagree
o Strongly disagree
Surveyor Comments:
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Candidate comments:
19.2. Interview Questionnaire
“Interview Questionnaire”
 Surveyor Name:
 Surveyor ID:
 Candidate Name:
1. Could you be able to provide more information about how employment will be affected?
2. What is your own opinion regarding how suppliers obtain the products from European markets?
3. What is your position and opinion that organizations need to move their operation to other
countries?
4. Have you seen any financial obstacle when the organization needs any loan or financial services?
5. Could you provide more detail about organizations will adapt or prepare for the coming changes?
6. Can provide more detail about the negative impact of Brexit in British economy? Or Do you
believe that Brexit will not have any negative impact in British economy?
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MRC/23667/HND
GABRIEL MANCEBO TORIBIO