Research Project on Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Running head: RESEARCH PROJECT
RESEARCH PROJECT
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

RESEARCH PROJECT1
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Discussion........................................................................................................................................2
Definition.....................................................................................................................................2
Methods of diagnoses..................................................................................................................2
Symptoms and complications of the disease...............................................................................4
Changes in the histology after the effect of type II diabetes.......................................................4
Treatment of the disease type II diabetes....................................................................................5
Prevention of diabetes..................................................................................................................6
Directions for future research......................................................................................................6
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................7
References........................................................................................................................................8

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Introduction
This research project is dealing with the disease type II diabetes. The type II diabetes is
the disease which lead to the increase of the blood sugar level than it’s normal level. This disease
is also known as hyperglycemia. Because of this disease the body does not able to produce
insulin in proper quantity. During the first period of the diseases, the pancreas produces extra
amount of insulin to compensate the deficit of insulin but after few days, the pancreas is not able
to keep pace with the insulin and thus cannot produce sufficient insulin to keep the blood glucose
at normal level (Punthakee, Goldenberg & Katz, 2018). This assignment is going to produce a
detail report on the disease diabetes mellitus including the methods of diagnoses, the symptoms
and the different complications of the disease, the findings of the diagnostics involving the
images and also the histology of the disease, the treatments as well as the methods of prevention
of the disease and also it is discussing about the scope for future researches of this disease.
Discussion
Definition
The type II diabetes is the type of diabetes mainly characterized by increased level of
blood sugar, insulin resistance and also the lack of insulin relatively. The common symptoms of
this disease includes increase in thirst, urinating frequently and suddenly unexpected loss of
weight. This diabetes results as a result of obesity and lack of exercises, most of the people are
genetically at risk than the other people.
Methods of diagnoses
The type II diabetes is diagnosed by the following tests:

RESEARCH PROJECT3
 Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test- In order to find the average blood sugar level since the
past two or three months this test is preferable. The normal level of blood sugar is below
5.7% and thus a result in between 5.7 and 6.4 % is considered to be the normal value for
the pre-diabetes. The A1C level of 6.5% or more than this on two different tests shows
that a person is having diabetes. However this test is not available all the time or at the
time when the form of hemoglobin is uncommon, at that times other tests are used for the
diagnoses (Baynes, 2015).
 Random blood sugar tests – The values of blood sugar are normally expressed in
miligrams per deciliter (mg/ dL) or in millimoles per liter (mmol/ L). Without noticing
about the time of last meal if the blood sugar level is or more than 200 mg/ dL, it suggests
that the person is having diabetes. If there are high symptoms of diabetes like frequent
urination and extreme thirst, then it can be concluded that the patient have diabetes.
 Test of fasting blood sugar – The blood sample is taken in the morning before the
consumption of breakfast. The blood sugar value less than 5.6 mmol/L is normal. If the
value is in between 5.6 to 6.9, then the person is in pre-diabetes state and the value of the
blood sugar above 7 means that the person is suffering from diabetes.
 Oral glucose tolerance test- This is the most rarely used test for measuring the blood
glucose level, except on the pregnancy cases. In this method, a person need to fast whole
night and at the center where the test is to be done, the person have to drink a sugary
liquid and then the blood sugar level need to be checked periodically for the next two
hours. The blood sugar level below 7.8 mmol/ L is normal (Dabelea et al., 2017)