TABLE OF CONTENTS TOPIC:.............................................................................................................................................1 TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Project Specification.............................................................................................................1 1.2 Factors that contribute to the process of research project selection......................................2 1.3 Undertake Critical Review....................................................................................................2 1.4 Research methodologies........................................................................................................5 1.5 Appropriate Plan and Procedures.........................................................................................7 ..........................................................................................................................................................8 TASK 2............................................................................................................................................8 2.1 Match Resources efficiently to the research question or hypothesis....................................8 2.2 Data collection with the help of Questionnaire.....................................................................9 2.3 Recording and collation of data in form of thematic presentation......................................10 TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................16 3.1 Research Evaluation Techniques........................................................................................16 3.2 Interpretation.......................................................................................................................16 3.3 Recommendations...............................................................................................................20 TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................21 Covered in Poster......................................................................................................................21 CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................21 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................22
TOPIC: “The influence of digital technology in the travel and tourism sector.” TASK 1 1.1 Project Specification Introduction and Background The travel and tourism has always relied heavily in automation to provide customer service. Technological advances have change the way people travel and the new development promise an event more interactive as well as exciting experience. It is true that technological advancements brings drastic changes in the tour and travel industry. Digital transformation trends are now abundantly visible in several industries such as banking, media, entertainment and healthcare. Information Communication technology (ICT) is one of the advance technology that plays a major role in travel and tourism industry (Lee, Son and Kim, 2016). The integration of ICT in the travel and tourism sectors in very important for the success of the tourism company as it facilitated an individual to access all the information from anywhere. It becomes very easy for the tourism company to reach the target audience across the international boundaries in a single click on the keypad after the beginning of web technologies, mobile, computer etc. ICT has transformed the landscape of the travel and tourism globally. This present research is done in context to Tourism Union Internation Group (TUI) as it is one of the biggest leisure, travel and tourism enterprise in the world. It was founded in 1923 and its headquarters are located in Hannover, Germany. TUI has six European airlines, the biggest holiday fleet in Europe and various tour operators based in Europe. Aim and Objectives Aim: To examine the impact of Information Communication technology (ICT) in travel and tourism industry. A study on Tourism Union Internation Group (TUI). Objectives: To understand the concept of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). To determine the significance of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in the success of tourism enterprise. To identify the challenges faced by TUI in implementing Information Communication Technology within organisation. 1
ď‚·To provide ways for implementing Information Communication Technology (ICT) in the company. Research Questions: 11What is the concept of Information Communication Technology (ICT)? 11What is the significance of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in the success of tourism enterprise? 11WhatarethechallengesfacedbytourismcompanyinimplementingInformation Communication Technology within organisation? 11What are the ways for implementing Information Communication Technology (ICT) in the company? 1.2 Factors that contribute to the process of research project selection. Technology has transformed the landscape of travel and tourism industry globally and it has become one of the most popular topic. The reason for selection of topic Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is effective and high speed infrastructure of ICT as well as software application in the travel and tourism industry. Thus, with studying this topic, researcher will gain knowledge and understanding of benefits and challenges of ICT (Khatoun and Zeadally, 2016). Further, the personal interest of researcher in this particular topic is also another reason for selecting the topic as scholar is highly interested in examining the impact of Information Communication technology (ICT) in travel and tourism industry. Another reason due to which this topic is selected is determining how technology can contribute in growth and development of tourism sector. Moreover, what further opportunities lies which can be utilised by tourism sector. Besides this, study will help in analysing how various tools and techniques are used by different companies in travel and tourism sector. Alongside it, what changes has occurred in tourism industry and how it has impacted on businesses operating within it. 1.3 Undertake Critical Review Concept of Information Communication Technology (ICT). According toMadon and Krishna, (2018)Information and Communication Technology provides access to information through telecommunications. It includes internet, cell phones, wireless network and all other communication mediums. All the businesses in today's era using ICT because it has transformed the entire operations and functions that is profitable for the 2
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businesses. It has drastically changes how people communicate, work and live and learn. As per theChen and Schulz, (2016)ICTplays an effective role in growth and development of travel and tourism industry through the impressive as well as high speed ICT infrastructure along with software application. Further, it also allows effective supply chain management and customer management relation in order to combines into a respective source which assist a variety of operations, selection of products, ordering, accomplishment, tracking, payments and reporting to be performed with one casual to use instrument.However,Keane, Keane and Blicblau, (2016) stated that, Information and Communication Technology has become the most important base of travel and tourism industry. It is the extensional terms for information technology that emphasize ontheroleofunitedcommunication.Therearemainlysixtrendsthatiscontinuously contributing towards growth and development are AR & VR (Augmented and Virtual Reality), AI (Artificial Intelligence), IOT (Internet of Things), W-Fi Connectivity, Wireless devices and Voice Technologies (Top Trends of technology in Travel and Tourism,2018). Significance of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in the success of TUI As per the view point ofKasemsap, (2017)it is fact that technology has changed the entire landscape of tour and travel industry. Technology has brought the functions and operation of TUI to be very effective and fast. Technology has reduces and control the operations cost, raise the efficiency in the operations as well as improve the services along with the experience of customers. The emergence of technologies has benefited both travellers and tour operators in very profound manner. However,Inversini and Rega, (2018)stresses that, technology has aid travel and tourism sectors as well as hospitality industry to replace costly human labours from technological labour. Dwyer and et.al., (2016)said that, ICT allows better decision making by storing, processing, analysing as well as sharing huge amount of information in the system like computers, USB, cell phones etc. Managers can take better decision by analysing the information available from corporate data. The networks of communication has also enabled decision makers in several locations in order to work together easily when they need to take joint decisions. Sellitto and et.al., (2016)argued that, ICT raises the productivity and improve the customer services in the operation of travel and tourism industry. Further, ICT alsodetermines the competitiveness of the company by taking advantage of Internet for rearranging internal process, 3
extranets for developing transactions with the trusted partners as well as effective interaction of stakeholders via internet. However,Ä°lkan and et.al., (2017)articulated that, now, customers can reserved thee booking through internet which has raised the customer satisfaction. Further, with the emergence of ICT, the quality of services are also improved as company can respond to customers much faster. In addition to this, there are several other benefits that travel and tourism companies are enjoying through the use of ICT are it gains competitive advantages, improve efficiency at workplace etc. ChallengesfacedbytourismcompanyinimplementingInformationCommunication Technology within organisation. Ä°lkan and et.al., (2017)argued the above information and stated that, organisation in travel and tourism industry has faced various challenges which hinder the implementation of ICT within organisation. The first challenges that organisation face in the cost of ICT infrastructure as it is very expensive. It is easy for all to transform the organisation into digitalisation as it required huge amount of money along with the cost of innovation. However,Benckendorff, Xiang and Sheldon, (2019)extracted another challenge which organisation face is lack of employeesupportandlackofknowledge.Employeesfeelfearforlosingtherejobsin implementation of digital technologies that results in resulting the changes. There are tendencies of employees to follow prearrange methods and they develop the culture, which becomes one of the biggest issue in implementing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in there operations. Lack of plan and policies of ICT is another challenge that travel organisation faces in its implementation in operations as sometime firms launch their digital transformation journey but due to lack of clear vision, they do not able to continue. Companies do not provide clear goals and objectives of bringing change that it becomes serious issue. It is very important that their must be clear vision when company is going with any change.Risk of maintaining privacy of traveller's information is another big issue that organisation in travel and tourism industry faces with the emergence of ICT. Ways for implementing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the functions and operations of the company 4
As perLuo and Bu, (2016)In order to overcome the challenges like lack of employee support, prearrange culture, lack of knowledge and any other issues, it is very important that companies should provide expertise training and development to the employees. Training and development is one of the best way to solve these all issues as well as successful implementation of ICT.Training improve and raise the skills and knowledge of employees as well as it also motivate employees. Training also raises the capacity to adopt new and innovative technologies and process which is also very important for organisation in implementation of any change within organisation. Bohari, Hin and Fuad, (2017)said that, drafting effective policies and plan of ICT is another best way to implement ICT in very successful manner so that there will no issues arising like security and privacy, lack of integration etc. If the policies and plans are effective it will also address the security and privacy issues. The policies and plan also bring smoothness during implementation as manager anticipate all the barriers or challenges and has planned actions for them. However,AlShobakiandet.al.,(2016)saidthat,TUI shouldhavetechnological infrastructure that are integrated to the advance technologies. Older and outdates technologies do not able to integrated with highly advance technologies. So it is important that technological infrastructure should be updated for implementing ICT within operations. 1.4 Research methodologies Research methods: There are different method through research can be done in most efficient way. Generally there are two type in which research Methods are split that is Quantitative and Qualitative methods. The selection ofmethod is completely depends onthe research questions, type of research. Quantitative research is used to quantify the problem by using numbers ad data which can be transformed into useful statistics (Worthington and Bodie, 2017). Researcher will use qualitative data in the research project which focuses on qualitative data which does not include numbers or data. It often involves languages, word etc. It is basically used to gain and understanding of opinions, motivations and underlying reasons. It is primarily exploratory research. The qualitative research is conducted for analysing the theoretical data and information. Research approach: 5
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There are different approaches which can be used for the particular research. The research approaches can be classified into inductive and deductive approaches. Inductive approach is mainly concerned with the generation of new theory which emerges from the data whereas the deductive theory is aiming at testing the theory. They work from more general to more specific (Tracy and Redden, 2015). Researcher will use the inductive approach for further research which means it starts with the observations and theories and proposed towards end of the research process as a result of the observations. The inductive approach is selected for the logical reasoning of the theoretical data Research design: Research design is basically an arrangement of the collections or conditions. There are various type of research designs which includes descriptive, correlation, experimental and quasi experimental. Experimental Research conducted with scientific approach where the set of variables are kept constant while other set of variables are measured as subject of experiment. Researcher will use the descriptive research design in propose research. Descriptive research is scientific method which involve observation and description of the behaviour of subject without influencing it (Boyd and et.al., 2019). it means researcher describe situations but do not make any accurate predictions and also do not determine the cause and effect relationship. The descriptive design is elected for further research process so that researcher can critically analyse the data and generate useful information from it which can be used for further purpose. Data collection: There are two ways of data collection that is primary source of data collection and secondary source of data collection. Primary data collection is the collection of data for the very first time that is the data which is directly collected from the actual source. It can be conducted through questionnaire method,sampling method etc. Secondary source of data collection is also said to be second hand data that is the data which is already collected by someone is used in the secondary data for finding out useful information from it. common source of secondary data includes census, information which has already been collected by the government departments, organisational records (Whicher, Philbin and Aronson, 2018). Researcher is using the primary and secondary source of data for data collection so that useful information can be gathered from it and valid conclusion can be drawn. 6
Data analysis: Data analysisis the process in which systematic application of statistical and logical techniques are used to describe and illustrate, condense, recap and evaluate the data. Qualitative data analysis is been use in research. Researcher is using the qualitative dataanalysis which helps in analysing the qualitative data which cannot be measured in numbers or unit. In the researcher project researcher will also us the thematic analysis which include the use of bar graphs, charts and table which helps in further representation of the data collected. The sampling method which is chosen for the research is simple random sampling and the sample size of 20 is taken in the research project. Ethical considerations: The researcher will use the data which is completely valid and reliable. The respondents were not be influenced for giving the answers, they respond voluntarily. The source from which the data is collected is completely reliable and appropriate (Niaz and Rivas, 2016). No false technique and source is used in the study. All the data which is collected for the research purpose is completely from true, reliable and faithful sources. 1.5 Appropriate Plan and Procedures Task ModeTask NameDurationStartFinishPredecessors Auto Schedule d Research proposal15 daysMon25-03- 19Fri 12-04-19 Auto Schedule d Aims and objectives7 daysMon15-04- 19Tue 23-04-19 Auto Schedule d Literature review15 daysMon15-04- 19Fri 03-05-191 Auto Schedule d Research methodologies17 daysMon15-04- 19Tue 07-05-191 Auto Schedule d Data collection18 daysMon06-05- 19 Wed29-05- 192,3 Auto Schedule d Data analysis18 daysWed08-05- 19Fri 31-05-194 Auto Schedule Data interpretation15 daysThu 30-05-19Wed19-06- 19 5 7
d Auto Schedule d Finding and conclusion13 daysThu 30-05-19Mon17-06- 192,5 Auto Schedule d Recommendations9 daysThu 20-06-19Tue 02-07-196,7 Auto Schedule d Execute the plan8 daysTue 18-06-19Thu 27-06-198 Auto Schedule d Submission1 dayWed03-07- 19 Wed03-07- 199, 10 Table1: Time Scale Illustration1: Gantt Chart TASK 2 2.1 Match Resources efficiently to the research question or hypothesis. It is true that resources are very important in completing the research in very efficient and effective manner. Here are the various resources considered by the researcher in accomplishing this research aims which are as follows- 8
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FinancialConsideration: Adequate amount of fund is very important as without fund it is not possible to reach desire goals and objectives. Money is required to purchase materials like laptops, stationery, human resources, cloud resources, USB- pen-drives and other items (Dwyer, Coates and Smith, 2018). AvailabilityofData: In conducting the research, it is very important to have adequate availability of data or information so that quality of services can be improved. All the data or information is very important to bring smoothness in the research study. All the information like traditional tourism styles and modern tourism styles are evaluated from internet. Time: This is also one of the important factor that needs to be consider by the researcher to complete the research in very systematic manner (Gray and Malins, 2016). Each and every activities and task should be assigned on time basis. If researcher is not able to complete the study on time than it is not possible to maintain the reliability and validity of the research.The cost of research will beÂŁ5000. Experts: Researcher need help of lecturers, professors and other experts to complete the research on time so that if scholar face any issues it is solved at the moment without wasting lot of time. So, these are resources that makes the research very efficient and effective if they are properly aligned. 2.2 Data collection with the help of Questionnaire Questionnaire 1. Are you aware about the concept of digital technological advancement? ď‚·Yes ď‚·May be ď‚·No 2. What according to you is the most beneficial tool of digital technology for travel and tourism organisation? ď‚·Social media ď‚·Information communication technology ď‚·Cloud computing 3. Are you aware about information communication technological advancement? ď‚·Yes 9
May be No 4. What benefits TUI will experience after incorporating use of ICT at workplace? Presentation of records and reports Communicate information to large number of travellers Increased productivity of employees 5. What are the challenges TUI can face after incorporating use of ICT? Huge investment Security of traveller’s information Risk of overload information 6. Why according to you implementation of ICT is important for TUI Group? Information and digital competence Auxiliary memory Improvement in diversity 7. Do you think TUI will able to explore E- tourism with the help of ICT? Yes May be No 8. Do you feel E- tourism by TUI will help in growth and development of tourism business? Yes May be No 9. What principles of ICT needs to be focused by TUI group? Building for sustainability Designing of user-friendly system Reuse and improve Open innovation 10. What according to you is crucial step of ICT implementation which needs to be considered by TUI group? Drafting of ICT plan and polices Training of employees 10
ď‚·Addressing security and privacy 2.3 Recording and collation of data in form of thematic presentation Theme 1: Yes, majority of UKCBC students were aware about digital technological advancement Are you aware about digital technological advancement?Frequency Yes14 May be4 No2 Theme 2:Information communication technology is the most beneficial tool of digital technology for travel and tourism organization What according to you is the most beneficial tool of digital technology for travel and tourism organization?Frequency Social media7 Information communication technology8 Cloud computing5 11 YesMay beNo 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Frequency
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Theme 3: Yes, majority of UKCBC students were aware about information communication technological advancement Are you aware about information communication technological advancement?Frequency Yes10 May be6 No4 12 Social media Information communication technology Cloud computing 012345678 Frequency Yes May be No
Theme 4:Communication information to large number of travellers is the major benefit benefits TUI will experience after incorporating use of ICT What benefits TUI will experience after incorporating use of ICT?Frequency Presentation of records and reports6 Communication information to large number of travellers9 Increased productivity of employees5 Theme 5:Huge investment and Security of traveler's information are thechallenges TUI can face after incorporating use of ICT. What are the challenges TUI can face after incorporating use of ICT?Frequency Huge investment8 13 0 2 4 6 8 Frequency
Security of traveler's information8 Risk of overload information4 Theme 6:Information and digital competenceis important for the TUI to implement use of ICT Why according to you implementation of ICT is important for TUI Group?Frequency Information and digital competence8 Auxiliary memory7 Improvement in diversity5 14 Huge investment Security of traveler's information Risk of overload information 012345678 Frequency Information and digital competence Auxiliary memory Improvement in diversity
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Theme 7:Yes, majority of UKCBC students think that TUI will able to explore E- tourism with the help of ICT Do you think TUI will able to explore E- tourism with the help of ICT?Frequency Yes11 May be5 No4 Theme 8: Yes, E- tourism by TUI will help in growth and development of tourism business. Do you feel E- tourism by TUI will help in growth and development of tourism business?Frequency Yes9 May be7 No4 Theme 9: Training of employees is crucial step of ICT implementation which needs to be considered by TUI group. 15 YesMay beNo 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Frequency
What according to you is crucial step of ICT implementation which needs to be considered by TUI group?Frequency Drafting of ICT plan and polices5 Training of employees8 Addressing security and privacy3 TASK 3 3.1 Research Evaluation Techniques Summative Assessmentmeans the assessment of participants in which the focus is on the result of research. It is usually takes place after participants have completed units of works at the end of each terms. This present research is summative assessment because the outcomes of the research is depends on the participants views and opinions.By this method it will be easy to evaluate how study objectives are been attained and what mainly the research focuses on. Moreover, it enable in investigating outcomes attained at last. So, it emphasise on results rather thanhowresearchisbeenprogressed.Here,theareasarehighlightedwhichrequired improvement in future. Thus, on basis of it evaluation of research is been done. FormativeAssessmentincluded diagnostic testing is a range of formal and informal assessment procedures which is conducted by teachers during the learning process in order to modify teaching and learning activities so that student could improve their skills. This technique is used to analyze how overall research processes were followed and study was conducted. So, it 16 Drafting of ICT plan and polices Training of employees Addressing security and privacy
evaluates process rather than outcomes. Alongside this, it is highlighted that whether procedure was effectively followed or not. Thus, it enables in making improvements in procedure of conducting research. The scholar can reflect on their method or process. Hence, several instruments can be used for it. 3.2 Interpretation Theme 1: Yes, majority of UKCBC students were aware about digital technological advancement. Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined that majority of participants are aware of digital technological advancement as supported by 14 people. They said that they are familiar with the advance technologies which are used by people in surrounding like computers, smart phones and others. On the other hand, there are 2 respondents who are not aware of the digital technology as they said as they do not use advance technologies in their daily life and this is only the reason they are not aware of digital technologies. In addition to this, there are 4 people who are confused and do not have adequate answer, as either they are aware or may be not. Theme 2:Information communication technology is the most beneficial tool of digital technology for travel and tourism organization. Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined that information communication technology is most beneficial tool of digital technology for travel and tourism as said by 8 people. As per their perspective, Information Communication technology (ICT) is one of the best way to raise the customer satisfaction level. As supported by authors in literature review, travel and tourism has always relied heavily in automation to provide customer service and advancement in technologies changes the way people travel and the new development promise an event more interactive as well as exciting experience. On the contrary, social media is the most beneficial tool of digital technology for travel and tourism organisation as it allows reshaping the travel agencies and raise the customer satisfaction. Whereas there are 5 students who are supporting to cloud computing as one of the best tool is advantageous for travel and tourism sector as it has raises the efficient and improved the cash flow of the business. Theme 3: Yes, majority of UKCBC students were aware about information communication technological advancement. 17
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Interpretation:The above survey conducted via filling questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined that majority of participants were aware about the information communication technological advancement as said by 10 respondent. They said that ICT is not a new or any critical concept as it included internet, mobile phones, computers that makes the work easy and fast conveying of information. As per the views in literature review, Information and Communication Technologies is the technologies which provide access to information through telecommunications. On the other hand, 4 students were there who are not aware of ICT as they are still relied on traditional things. Whereas, 6 are confused either they are aware of ICT or not. Theme 4: Communication information to large number of travellers is the major benefit benefits TUI will experience after incorporating use of ICT. Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined that there are many benefits of ICT in travel and tourism but majority of participants are supporting communication information to large number of travellers. 9 students said that with the emergence of internet, informations are communicated within in seconds to customers. As secondary information supported that after ICT it becomes very easy for the tourism company to reach the target audience across the international boundaries in a single click in the keypad after the beginning of web technologies, mobile, computer etc. and it has transformed the landscape of the travel and tourism globally. Whereas, there are 6 students who are supporting first option that ICT benefited presentation of record and reports as large amount of information can be store, analyse and share with the help of ICT. As views in literature supports that ICT allows better decision making by storing, processing, analysing as well as sharing huge amount of information in the system like computers, USB, cell phones etc. and it also helps in taking better decisions. On the contrary, there are 5 participants who said that ICT increases the productivity of employees as they become highly technical employees. Theme 5: Huge investment and Security of traveller's information are the major limitation TUI will face after incorporating use of ICT. Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined that huge investment and risk of overloaded information are the major limitation TUI will face after incorporating use of ICT as 16 respondents are supporting. As 18
views in literature review supports that, organisation face in the cost of ICT infrastructure as it is veryexpensive.Furtheritisnotalsoeasyforalltotransformedtheorganisationinto digitalisation as it required huge amount of money along with the cost of innovation and it is also very risky for organisation to maintain traveller informations. Whereas, there are 4 respondent who said that organisation in travel and tourism sector faces risk of overloaded information. Theme 6: Information and digital competence is important for the TUI to implement use of ICT. Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined that information and digital competence is very important for TUI to implement use of ICT as supported by 8 people. They said that with the use of ICT, company can acquire huge amount of information through internet which is a great benefits and ICT is one of the popular tool of digitalisation and thus make the organisation digital competence as they gain competitive advantages. On the other hand, there are 7 respondents who said that ICT provides auxiliary information which is very important for the organisation. In addition to this, 5 respondents are supporting that ICT brings improvement in diversity as company can hire employees from different areas as well as acquire information from other sectors. Theme 7: Yes, majority of UKCBC students think that TUI will able to explore E- tourism with the help of ICT. Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined that majority of student are supporting that TUI can explore E-tourism with the help of ICT as supported by 11 respondents. They provide there justification that E-tourism that it determines the competitiveness of the company by taking advantage of Internet for rearranging internal process, extranets for developing transactions with the trusted partners as well as effective interaction of stakeholders via internet. Whereas, there are 5 participates were confused either TUI will able to explore or not. 4 are not supporting that ICT ciuld able to explore E-tourism. Theme 8: Yes, E- tourism by TUI will help in growth and development of tourism business. Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined that E-tourism by TUI helps in growth and development of tourism business as E-tourism raises the productivity and popularity of the tourism business and brig smoothness in the work. It also allows personal interaction with stakeholders which is also a great 19
opportunity for growth of the business. It also reduces the cost of operations. On the contrary, there are 7 respondents who are confused either to E-tourism by TUI will help in growth and development of tourism business or not. Theme 9: Training of employees is crucial step of ICT implementation which needs to be considered by TUI group. Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined that training of employees is crucial steps of ICT implementation which needs to be considered by TUI as supported by 8 employees. They said that training is one of the best way to implement Information Communication Technology (ICT), as training bring confidentiality in the work as well as it motivates employees. As views in literature supported that, training also solve these all issues as well as successful implementation of ICT such as employees resistance, lack of skills and knowledge etc. On the other hand, there are 5 respondents who are supporting that in order to implement ICT in a systematic way it is better to draft plans and policies of ICT as it avoid confusion as well as issues like risk of personal information etc. are also solved in a desire manner. Whereas, there are 3 students who are supporting that organisation needs to address security and privacy because it very challenging for company to maintain the privacy and security of the travellers. As supported from authors in literature review section, the formation of policies and plans a will also address the security and privacy issues further policies and plan also bring smoothness during implementation as manager anticipate all the barriers or challenges and has planned actions for them. 3.3 Recommendations From the above data collected, evaluated and interpreted, researcher has identified some recommendations for TUI in implementing Information Communication Technology (ICT) in the functions and operations of the company are as follows- Organising training and development is one of the best way to implement Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as it raises skills and knowledge of employees as well as also avoid employee resistance. TUI can call experts for providing training to them so that their technical knowledge can be enhanced. 20
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In addition to this, researcher also recommended that TUI should formulate effective policies and plan so that all the security and privacy concerns are addressed earlier. Further, it also avoids confusion and direct a clear path to employees (Fisher, Yefimova and Yafi, 2016). Further, from the above analysis, researcher also recommended that, TUI should have technologies that are integrated to the advance technologies. Older and outdates technologies do not able to integrated with highly advance technologies, So it is important that technological infrastructure should be updated. By having updated technologies, the implementation of ICT becomes easy and effective. Moreover,researchersuggestedthatthetechnologiesthatcompanyisusingor implementing should be align with the business strategies so that the desire goals and objectives of company could be accomplished because the main reason or purpose for implementation ICT is to improve the performance as well as raise productivity. Scholar also recommend that TUI should monitor and control all the activities or technologies so that employee feel valued and sense of cooperation from seniors. Further, monitoring also improves the performance as well as remove errors and mistakes during the usage (Siddiq, Scherer and Tondeur, 2016). Further, there will be more research can be conducts on this topic such as: ď‚·Researcher could only focus on benefits of ICT specially. ď‚·ScholarcouldalsofocusonprincipleofICTlikeuserfriendlysystem, environment sustainability etc. ď‚·Scholar could also emphasize only on challenges of ICT like privacy and security concern and carry out study. TASK 4 - POSTER 21
1 The Influence of Digital Technology in Travel and Tourism Sector Introduction Background The travel and tourism has always relied heavily in automation to provide customer service. Technological advances have changes the way people travel and the new development promise an event more interactive as well as exciting experience. AimTo examine the impact of Information Communication technology (ICT) in travel and tourism industry. A study on Tourism UnionInternationalGroup (TUI). Objectives: To understand the concept of Information Communication Technology (ICT). To determine the significance of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in the success of tourism enterprise. To identify the challenges faced by tourism company in implementing Information Communication Technology within organisation. To provide ways for implementing Information Communication Technology (ICT) in the company. Research Questions: What is the concept of Information Communication Technology (ICT)? What is the significance of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in the success of tourism enterprise? What are the challenges faced by tourism company in implementing Information Communication Technology within organisation? What are the ways for implementing Information Communication Technology (ICT) in the company? Rationale of Research Technologyhastransformedthelandscapeoftraveland tourism industry globally and it has become one of the most popular topics. The reason for selection of topic Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is effective and high speed infrastructure of ICT as well as software application in the travel and tourism industry. Thus, with studying this topic, research will gain knowledge and understanding of benefits andchallengesofICT.Further,thepersonalinterestof researcher in this particular topic is also another reason for selecting the topic as scholar is highly interested in identifying the impact of Information Communication technology (ICT) in travel and tourism industry Research Methodology Research Methods: Qualitative Research approach: Inductive Sampling: Random Data collection: Primary Questionnaire Data Analysis: Qualitative Theme 1: Yes, majority of UKCBC students wereawareaboutdigitaltechnological advancement YesMay beNo 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Frequency Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined that majority of participants are aware of digital technological advancement as supported by 14 people. They said that they are familiar with the advance technologies which areusedbypeopleinsurroundinglike computers, smart phones and others. Theme2:Informationcommunication technologyisthemostbeneficialtoolof digital technology for travel and tourism organization Social media Information communication technology Cloud computing 012345678 Frequency Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students anditisdeterminedthatinformation communication technology is most beneficial toolofdigitaltechnologyfortraveland tourism as said by 8 people. As per there perspective,InformationCommunication Theme3:Yes,majorityofUKCBC studentswereawareaboutinformation communication technological advancement Yes May be No Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students anditisdeterminedthatmajorityof participants were aware about the information communication technological advancement as said by 10 respondents. They said that ICT is not a new or any critical concept as it included internet, mobile phones, computers that makes Theme 4: Communication information tolargenumberoftravellersisthe major benefits TUI will experience after incorporating use of ICT Presentation of records and reports Increased productivity of employees 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Frequency Interpretation:Theabovesurvey conductedviaquestionnairefrom20 UKCBC students and it is determined that there are many benefits of ICT in travel and tourism but majority if participants are supporting communication information to large number of travellers Theme 5: Huge investment and Security of traveller’sinformationarethemajor limitation TUI will face after incorporating use of ICT Huge investment Security of traveler's information Risk of overload information 012345678 Frequency Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined thathuge investmentand risk of overloaded information are the major limitation TUI will face after incorporating use of ICT as 16respondentsaresupporting.Asviewsin literature review supports that, organization face in the cost of ICT infrastructure as it is very expensive Theme6:Informationanddigital competenceisimportantfortheTUIto implement use of ICT Information and digital competence Auxiliary memory Improvement in diversity Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students anditisdeterminedthatinformationand digital competence is very important for TUI to implement use of ICT as supported by 8 people. They said that with the use of ICT, companycanacquirehugeamountof information through internet which is a great benefits and ICT is one of the popular tool of digitalisation and thus make the organisation digital competence as they gain competitive advantages. Theme 7: Yes, majority of UKCBC students thinkthatTUIwillabletoexploreE- tourism with the help of ICT Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined that majority of student are supporting that TUI can explore E-tourism withthehelpofICTassupportedby11 respondents. Theme 8: Yes, E- tourism by TUI will helpingrowthanddevelopmentof tourism business. YesMay beNo 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Frequency Interpretation:Theabovesurvey conductedviaquestionnairefrom20 UKCBC students and it is determined that E-tourism by TUI helps in growth and development of tourism business as E-tourismraisestheproductivityand popularity of the tourism business and brigsmoothnessintheworkof operationsdevelopmentoftourism business or not. Interpretation:The above survey conducted via questionnaire from 20 UKCBC students and it is determined that training of employees is crucial steps of ICT implementation which needs to be considered by TUI as supported by 8 employees. They said that trainingisoneofthebestwaytoimplement Information Communication Technology (ICT), as training bring confidentiality in the work as well as it motivatesemployees.Asviewsinliterature supported that, training also solve these all issues as well as successful implementation of ICT such as employee’s resistance, lack of skills and knowledge etc. CONCLUSION From the above research its has been concluded that digital technology plays a key role in the growth and development of travel and tourism industry. Reptr has focused on Information Communication Technology (ICT) tool of digital technology whichhasgreatimportanceinthetravelandtourism businesses REFERENCES Warner, T. 2017.Pop music-technology and creativity: Trevor Horn and the digital revolution. Routledge. Worthington, D.L. and Bodie, G.D. eds., 2017.The sourcebook of listening research: Methodology and measures. John Wiley & Sons. Theme 9: Training of employees is crucial step of ICT implementation which needs to be considered by TUI group. Drafting of ICT plan and polices Training of employees Addressing security and privacy
CONCLUSION From the above research its has been concluded that digital technology plays a key role in the growth and development of travel and tourism industry. Report has focused on Information Communication Technology (ICT) tool of digital technology which has great importance in the travel and tourism businesses. Further, report also concluded that ICT also allows effective supply chain management and customer management relation in order to combines into a respectivesourcewhichassistavarietyofoperations,selectionofproducts,ordering, accomplishment, tracking, payments and reporting to be performed with one casual to use instrument. 1
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