Role of Equality and Diversity in Reducing Employee Turnover

This research project focuses on analyzing the role of equality and diversity practices in reducing employee turnover in an organization. The case study is based on ASDA, a British supermarket chain. The research proposal includes research questions, objectives, and hypothesis supported by a literature review. The research methods involve primary and secondary research, data collection, and analysis. The findings will be communicated in an appropriate manner for the intended audience.

Research Project

Contents
INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Produce a research proposal that clarify defines a research questions or hypothesis, supported by
a literature review..............................................................................................................................3
P2 Appropriate research method and conduct primary and secondary research................................7
TASK 2...............................................................................................................................................10
P3 Primary and secondary research using appropriate methods for a business research project that
consider cost, access and ethical issues............................................................................................10
P4 Appropriate analytical tools to analyse research findings and data.............................................13
TASK 3...............................................................................................................................................21
P5 Communicate research outcomes in an appropriate manner for the intended audience..............21
TASK 4...............................................................................................................................................22
P6 Effectiveness of research methods applied for meeting objectives of the business research.......22
P7 Alternative research methodologies and lesson learnt in view of the outcomes.........................23
CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................23
RECOMMENDATION.....................................................................................................................24
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................25

Title: To analyse the role of the equality and diversity practices in reduction of
employees’ turnover in an organisation." A case study on ASDA.
INTRODUCTION
Equality and diversity itself include a variety of factors and means a lot to an
organisation. It is all about how a person is responding to other individual whether they are
showing respect or doing discrimination on the basis of age, gender, race, cultural
background etc., Nowadays, hiring people from different background provide company with
a lot of opportunity but mainly it widens the range of thinking (Ali and French, 2019). It
increases the stimulation power and allow a person in including their creative thoughts in
order to perform a task in an effective manner. This research is based on the company ASDA,
which is a British Supermarket chain founded in the year 1949 and since then they are
delivering goods and services. Company has its stores in around 631 number of locations in
which approximately 165,000 employees are working for providing effective services and
facilities to its customers.
However, this research will include an empirical study on equality and diversity
practices at ASDA for effectively reducing the employees’ turnover. The entire study will be
conducted by using appropriate research methodologies such as data collection methods,
research approaches, what will be the sample size etc., later on, with the help of questionnaire
data will be collected and on the basis of that outcomes will be evaluated.
TASK 1
P1 Produce a research proposal that clarify defines a research questions or hypothesis,
supported by a literature review.
Research aim:
“To analysis the role of the equality and diversity practices in reduction of
employees turnover in an organization”. A study on ASDA.
Research objectives
 To understand the notion and significance of equality and diversity practices.
 To determine several benefits that ASDA would get with the incorporation of equality
and diversity practices.
 To explore several ways by which implementation of equality and diversity supports
in retaining employees in ASDA.

Research questions:
 What is the notion and significance of equality and diversity practices?
 What are the several benefits that ASDA would get with the incorporation of equality
and diversity practices?
 What are the ways by which implementation of equality and diversity supports in
retaining employees in ASDA?
Rationale of research
In this global world where, company has open doors for every individual who is
talented and skilful in performing the task, there are also some instances where company fails
to maintain equality and diversity. Therefore, this report will include the nature and
significance of equality and diversity (Ennis, Gong and Okpozo, 2018). Along with some of
the benefits which a company can attain after looking at the workplace and how their
business flourish as compared to its rival companies. In order to implement equality and
diversity there are many ways and through this report, researcher will help in identifying all
the process through which a company can incorporate the same.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Literature review, is considered to be a scholarly source which tends to provide an
overview or insight of a particular topic so that an individual reading the same can get
appropriate information. Thus, it can be said that a literature review includes sources from
various significant publications written by renowned writers or knowledgeable persons. In
context with this, literature review, it is done to have knowledge regarding the significance of
equality and diversity practiced within the organisation. Moreover, benefits that can be avail
by the company after maintaining equality and diversity practice is included in this report.
Lastly, different procedures with the help of which company can retain its employees is
mentioned in this report.
Notion and significance of equality and diversity practices
According to Sarkar, (2018), Change in the nature of business and inclusion of
globalisation, all these factors have provided a different angle to companies for running its
business in an effective manner. Nowadays, company follow the route through which they
can get maximum benefits in terms of profits, less employee retention, better manufacturing
and production process, increase in brand image etc., Diversity has provided companies with

bunch of skilful person whereas, equality has given opportunities to employees in showcasing
their talents, thoughts and ideas, incorporating which company can get into a better position.
Equality and diversity both are considered to be an idea through which one accept the
thought of differences between peoples. If it is explained specifically, then equality makes
sure that a person or a group is treated fairly by keeping a side what race, gender, age,
religion, sexual orientation etc., he/she/they belongs to. In context with a company, with the
increase in globalisation, maintaining equality and diversity has become a problematic thing
although, most of the companies manages to handle the problem and develop effective
strategies. Therefore, it is said that if a company wants to get maximum benefits that it is
required that they provide equal opportunities because increase providing more opportunities
more economically the company will empower.
Henceforth, it can be said that equality and diversity is the most talked topic whether
the company is small, medium or large. Basically, implementing equality and diversity is
done with an aim of providing equal access to opportunities. Even though, a company is
putting a t of effort in maintaining equality and diversity but there are instances where
intentionally or unintentionally go through unlawful activities like discrimination,
harassment, bullying, victimisation etc., People doesn’t understand disallowing others of a
certain group, gender, race or religion is putting a negative impact both mentally and
physically depending upon how much an individual or a group has faced. Surprisingly,
according to the data collected in 2015, it has been analysed that around 31.21 million people
working in United Kingdom has a different opinion for doing an activity which means their
thinking and method of grabbing opportunity vary from another person. Therefore, equality
and diversity both can change the face of business either it can provide positive output or it
can give negative circumstances.
Several benefits that ASDA would get with the incorporation of equality and diversity
practices
According to Rashid, Gul and Khalid, (2018), An effective practice of equality and
diversity has an amazing benefit and embracing this company can put a positive image in
front of its customers. Thus, to understand this in a better manner, all the points are
mentioned below:
Boost collaboration: according to the current market situation, workplace is
changing at a very rapid speed. Nowadays, staff members within the organisation are driven

by working in collaboration if the company creates a positive culture where all the member
are treated equally. Thus, amalgamation of variety of skills and knowledge can provide a
productive outcome and achieving set targets and aims becomes easier.
Improves company’s brand image: Most of the companies establish its business,
with a purpose of enhancing the brand image by providing better services and facilities and
this can be possible when the working environment is positive and motivating. Thus, it can be
said that how a company’s perseverance plays a great role and have the biggest advantages.
Due to the pressure of becoming successful with regards to other rival companies, company
tries to make the workplace the best place to work on. Therefore, all these factors can be
achieved by having a diverse and inclusive workplace, where everybody is treated equally
and provided opportunities on the basis of skills and knowledge acquired.
Increase the productivity level: This is one of the influential benefits as it not only
provides benefits to an individual but to a company as well. While running a business it is
important that every individual participate in the activity individually so that different views
and thoughts can be presented. Thus, when company and managers of the same brings all the
people together from different backgrounds then it expands the scope and range of ideas in
order to deal with the situation. Moreover, the process of problem-solving enhances.
Therefore, all these elements purposely increase the productivity and efficiency of an
individual while performing any kind of task or an activity.
Henceforth, it can be said that if appropriate measures are taken into consideration in
order to maintain an effective place to work on the company can attain a large number of
benefits and moreover, can established itself as world’s largest company.
Ways by which implementation of equality and diversity supports in retaining employees in
ASDA
According to Arif, (2018), In order to operate different business activities or for
running a business, implementing equality and diversity can work as a helping hand in
retaining a large number of customers. But the main important thing is to implement different
ways properly and considerably supported by employees of an organisation. Some of the
points are explained below:
Start from hiring: this is the best way for maintaining equality and diversity as it can
further help the company in foster a balance between workforce because what a company

hires today determines the future of the company. Thus, recruiting the right person for the job
profile will remove any kind of prejudice towards a group, or an individual. Therefore,
company should provide opportunity to huge pool of talents in showing their talents and must
hire those who embrace inclusion and diversity.
Use of effective communication: Most of the time, the reason behind chaos and
confusion is because of the interaction process a company or an individual use. It should be
direct and clear so that no misunderstanding is created. Sometimes, due to lack of clarity can
create a sense of alienation amongst employees and worker can feel like they are no more
wanted in the organisation. Therefore, with the help of proper communication process
company can listen to the views and thoughts and must provide chances for expressing what
they feel like. As a result, it will develop a sense of belongingness in the individual towards
the company.
Henceforth, implementing equality and diversity can work as a source through which
company can retain its customers for a longer period of time.
P2 Appropriate research method and conduct primary and secondary research
Research methodology is referring to the effective procedure or technique that used
by researcher with the hope of determining, selecting, processing and at the same time also
analysing information on the basis of specified topic and area as well. Mainly, this section
allow researcher to critically analysis and evaluate the entire research activities and its
validity as well. This will contribute in improving the chances of attaining reliable and
authentic results at the end of the investigation. Along with this, it also includes various
methods and techniques that used by researcher in order to acquire relevant data and
information about the equality and diversity to draw a valid conclusion.
Types of investigation: At the time of undertaking research activities, it is crucial for
researcher to select right type of investigation that help in improving the overall validity of
the research. In this context, there are two type of investigation such as qualitative and
quantitative study (Holston-Okae, 2018). For undertaking current research, investigator will
use quantitative type of method that help in gathering measurable information that assist in
taking right and authentic results at the end of the investigation.
Research philosophy: It is said to be a belief under which all the guidelines or phenomenon
are provided like which approach should be used to gather information, analysing the same
and further using it for having an effective outcome that are reliable and valid. Research

philosophy is of two types interpretivism: in this, information is gathered through subjective
interpretation which are generally based on the reality of the environment. Interpretivism is
the traditional form and the study is done in the natural environment and consider the human
behaviour and the process of their thinking. Positivism: it is totally different from
Interpretivism and observe from the objective point of view and generally natural sciences.
Positivism gathers information that are based on facts and which can be further investigated
through observation.
Therefore, for doing this research, positivism approach will be undertaken as it will
aid in analysing data rationally and through logical approaches. Other than this, quantitative
method best suits with this approach and quantifying data becomes easier.
Research design: It is one of the effective methods that intended to give an effective
framework for undertaking the investigation (Nishii and et. Al., 2018). In this, researcher is
responsible for take significant decision in selecting appropriate research design that evaluate
how data for investigation will be acquired. This will contribute in analysing the research and
area of research with the hope of generating positive results. Basically, it can be divided into
different designs such as descriptive, exploratory and casual research. According to this
investigation descriptive research design will be used by researcher in which data towards the
research topic also collected in quantitative nature. One of the main advantages of using this
design is that it provides validated information that can identify or justify the practical
condition.
Research approach: An action is determined as an act of perfection when it has a systematic
planning and it is executed in a proper manner. A research approach is considered to a
blueprint of al the action that to be performed while conducting a research. Therefore, a
research approach helps in developing a philosophical foundation for the investigator and
basically, it is of two types and these are deductive: this approach is helpful in finding
various questions that are in the minds of researcher which means it has a hypothetical base
first and then on the basis of this aim and objectives are fulfilled. Another research approach
is inductive: in which the information is gathered related to a specific topic on which the
research is being conducted. However, with the help of collected information investigator
tries to develop a whole new theory. Moreover, for doing this research, researcher will use
deductive approach because it is suitable for identifying a relationship between various

variable. However, on the basis of hypothesis researcher can establish a control over testing
the hypothesis.
Data collection: It is crucial for researcher to choose right method for collecting
authentic data as it may assist in developing the possibilities of reducing any kind of issues at
the time of information gathering (Khan and et. Al., 2019). Mainly, it is considered as a
process of acquiring data from all the relevant and necessary sources that assist in find out
appropriate way to address the particular research problem. In this regard, it can be classified
this section into two method such as primary and secondary source of data collection.
Primary is an appropriate method in which data is collected directly from selected
respondents on the basis of research topic. In this, collected data in fresh and authentic in
nature that never used before by others. It includes various sources of gathering data such as
questionnaire, interview, survey, observation and many more. It provides support to
investigator in analysing the data that is measurable in nature and also provide reliable
results. On the other side, secondary data is also playing a crucial role in research as it has
already been published in books, newspaper, magazines, online websites and many more. For
undertaking current research, investigator will use both primary and secondary method of
data collection that help in gathering relevant data and information about research topic and
area also (Mansour and Tremblay, 2018). By using primary method, researcher prepare a
structured questionnaire that includes close-ended questions asked from different respondents
about the equality and diversity. In addition of this, secondary method of data collection is
help in undertaking literature review on the basis of selected topic. With the help of this,
researcher can easily attain positive and reliable outcomes at the end of the study.
Data strategy: while undertaking research there are certain strategy that can be used by
research in order to obtain relevant data and information in an effective manner. This is the
reason that investigator is responsible for selecting best and appropriate one so that they can
easily take right decision. In this context, action research, interview, survey, case, study,
literature review and many more. All these are contributing in attaining positive and reliable
outcomes at the end of the research. As, survey will be prepared by investigator in which data
is collected directly from selected to understand their view point about research topic.
Sampling: In order to take the research further, it is important that researcher gathers
information and data from population and the process of doing this is known as sampling.
Basically, there are two kinds of sampling and these are probability: in this each person from

the population has an equal chance of getting selected means if the researcher has taken 100
sample from population i.e. is subset than each person in the group has opportunity of getting
selected (Malik, Sattar and Yaqub, 2018). Another form of sampling is non-probability: this
is totally opposite of probability sampling as mainly researcher selects its respondents
according to the field and nature of the study.
Moreover, in order to do this research, researcher has used probability sampling and
in that simple random sampling. Therefore, this will help the researcher in getting adequate
and appropriate information without any biasness.
Ethical consideration: Whatever activity a person is doing it is important that it is being
done under ethics and norms so as to maintain the authenticity In relation with a research,
there are many ethical consideration which are required to be followed by the researcher so
that research can be done effectively. The first ethical consideration which needs to be
considered by the researcher is not to disclose the collected data and information to anyone.
Moreover, the information of respondents should be kept confidential so that nobody gets a
chance of hurting other’s views and thoughts.
Research limitation: Limitations, is a part of day to day activity which can hamper
the activity of an individual and its work. Unlike others, while doing a research there is a
possibility that a researcher faces many obligations. Most important and frequent research
limitation is related to time and cost (Kroll and Tantardini, 2019). There can be chances that
in order to do a research, researcher get limited amount of time which can be consumed in
data collection method. As a result, proper conduction of research can be failed. Another
limitation is related to cost, during the period of doing the entire research, investigator can
face problem because of less money which because of which activity can be stopped.
Therefore, both the limitation was faced by the researcher but it was undertaken with the help
of tutor and colleagues.
M1 Evaluate different research approaches and methodology and make justifications for the
choice of methods selected based on philosophical/theoretical frameworks.
In order to carry out this investigation in an efficient way, the investigator used the
main and secondary methods of collecting evidence. The primary approach was used to
collect first-hand information from the respondent that provided reliable and relevant
information. The key rationale for changing secondary data sources is to collect
comprehensive data within a short period of time. This method has responded effectively to

the achievement of a reliable study result within in the given timeline. All such techniques
have been selected based of the deductive research structure.
TASK 2
P3 Primary and secondary research using appropriate methods for a business research project
that consider cost, access and ethical issues.
Cost: It is crucial for researcher to keep enough fund because each and every research
activity required appropriate cost for successfully completing the research work. For this,
investigator analysis the over research and its activities to estimate the budget that required
for completion of work. In this context, researcher required around £ 250 for executing
research that directly support in managing various sources such as use of stationary, internet
connection and many more.
Access: For developing a successful research, investigator includes both primary and
secondary method of data collection (Yu and et. Al., 2019). In relation to this, it is important
responsibility of research maker to keep confidentiality information of selected respondents.
Along with this, researcher is also responsible for ensuring that all the collected information
is accessed by researcher and other authorised authority only. This will support in
maintaining reliability and validity within the research activities.
Ethical issues: It is one of the significant responsibilities of researcher to follow all
the ethical norms and principles while undertaking the study in an effective way. It can be
beneficial in obtaining reliable and valid outcomes at the end of research (Ndzwayiba,
Ukpere and Steyn, 2018). Furthermore, current research includes consent form that fill from
selected respondents in order to meet all the research purpose.
Questionnaire
Q1) Are you aware about concept of equality and diversity?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) Does promoting equality and diversity is important for retaining employee at
working area?
a) Yes
b) No

Q3) What are the benefits that acquire by ASDA with the incorporate of equality and
diversity practices?
a) Enhancement in employee productivity
b) Increase brand reputation
c) Reduce employee turnover
Q4) What are the issues faced by employees due to lack of equality and diversity
within ASDA?
a) Create issues
b) Negative working environment
c) Increase employee turnover
Q5) What are the alternative ways by which implementation of equality and diversity
help in retaining employees within ASDA?
a) Training and development
b) Equal pay scale
c) Motivate or encourage employees
Q6) Does managing equality and diversity in ASDA help in enhancing employee
productivity level?
a) Yes
b) No
Q7) What are the effective practices of equality and diversity can used by ASDA in
improving employee performance?
a) Understanding different culture
b) Develop employment creation programme
c) Effective communication
Q8) As per your view point, how ASDA promote equality and diversity to maintain
positive working environment?
a) Put equality policies at workplace
b) Be proactive
c) Prevent unconscious bias
Q9) Does equality and diversity support in developing healthy relation among staff
members of ASDA at workplace?
a) Yes
b) No

Q10) Recommended the aspects that help ASDA in improving their overall
performance level at market place.
Data sheet
Q1) Are you aware about concept of equality and diversity? Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Q2) Does promoting equality and diversity is important for
retaining employee at working area?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15
Q3) What are the benefits that acquire by ASDA with the
incorporate of equality and diversity practices?
Frequency
a) Enhancement in employee productivity 20
b) Increase brand reputation 20
c) Reduce employee turnover 10
Q4) What are the issues faced by employees due to lack of equality
and diversity within ASDA?
Frequency
a) Create issues 30
b) Negative working environment 10
c) Increase employee turnover 10
Q5) What are the alternative ways by which implementation of
equality and diversity help in retaining employees within ASDA?
Frequency
a) Training and development 20
b) Equal pay scale 20
c) Motivate or encourage employees 10
Q6) Does managing equality and diversity in ASDA help in
enhancing employee productivity level?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 10
Q7) What are the effective practices of equality and diversity can
used by ASDA in improving employee performance?
Frequency
a) Understanding different culture 20
b) Develop employment creation programme 15

c) Effective communication 15
Q8) As per your view point, how ASDA promote equality and
diversity to maintain positive working environment?
Frequency
a) Put equality policies at workplace 20
b) Be proactive 20
c) Prevent unconscious bias 10
Q9) Does equality and diversity support in developing healthy
relation among staff members of ASDA at workplace?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15
P4 Appropriate analytical tools to analyse research findings and data
Theme 1: Awareness about concept of equality and diversity.
Q1) Are you aware about concept of equality and diversity? Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
30
20
a) Yes b) No
Interpretation: As per above mentioned graph it has been evaluated equality and diversity is
one of the important activities within business organization as it helps in improving
motivating workers towards the set goals and objectives. In this relation, 30 out of 50
respondents aware about the equality and diversity that support company in improving
overall performance of employees at working area. On the other side, rest of 20 respondents

are not familiar with this theme and also not have an idea about concept of diversity and
equality.
Theme 2: Promoting equality and diversity is important for retaining employee at
working area.
Q2) Does promoting equality and diversity is important for
retaining employee at working area?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15
35
15
a) Yes b) No
Interpretation: In business organization promoting equality and diversity is one of the
important process that support help in making employee more productivity in which they
easily attain their set goals and objectives in stipulated time frame. In relation to this, 35 out
of 50 respondents give their views that spreading as well as treating employees equally is
effective in managing positive working environment. Furthermore, remaining 15 participants
think that sometime employees feel demotivated due to diversity at working area because
they fail in maintaining positive relation with others at working area.
Theme 3: Benefits that acquire by ASDA with the incorporate of equality and diversity
practices.
Q3) What are the benefits that acquire by ASDA with the
incorporate of equality and diversity practices?
Frequency
a) Enhancement in employee productivity 20
b) Increase brand reputation 20

c) Reduce employee turnover 10
20
20
10
a) Enhancement in employee productivity b) Increase brand reputation
c) Reduce employee turnover
Interpretation: From the preceding graphical representation it has been analysed that there
are various benefits that help business organization in increasing their productivity level. In
this 20 people think that it increases productivity level of company, 20 participants said that it
increases brand reputation at market and other side, 10 respondents said that it help in
retaining employees within the company.
Theme 4: Issues faced by employees due to lack of equality and diversity within ASDA.
Q4) What are the issues faced by employees due to lack of equality
and diversity within ASDA?
Frequency
a) Create issues 30
b) Negative working environment 10
c) Increase employee turnover 10

3010
10
a) Create issues b) Negative working environment
c) Increase employee turnover
Interpretation: In business, there are various issues faced by employees at the time of
executing their allotted task and activities. This will put negative impact and also reduce
employee’s efficiency level at working area. In this context, 30 out of 50 people give their
views that due to lack of equality among workers can create issues and conflicts between
workers that reduce their performance within the business. In addition of this, 10 participants
think that it also develops negative environment within the company that increase the
possibilities arising negative impact over the brand image. Furthermore, rest of 10 selected
respondents said that inequality at workplace that directly increase the employee turnover of
the company.
Theme 5: Alternative ways by which implementation of equality and diversity help in
retaining employees within ASDA.
Q5) What are the alternative ways by which implementation of
equality and diversity help in retaining employees within ASDA?
Frequency
a) Training and development 20
b) Equal pay scale 20
c) Motivate or encourage employees 10

20
20
10
a) Training and development b) Equal pay scale
c) Motivate or encourage employees
Interpretation: There are various alternative ways that can be used by company with the aim
of managing equality and diversity at working area that directly contributes in retaining
workers for longer period of time within the business organization. In relation to this, 20 out
of 50 people give their opinion to researcher is that providing better training and development
is one of the effective ways that help employees in developing their skills and knowledge
about its job roles and responsibilities. Along with this, 20 participants said that giving equal
pay scale to employees who are perform at a same position and workplace as well. It may
reduce the chances of arising complexities among employees. On the other side, remaining
10 respondents think that motivating as well as encouraging workers at working area is also
assist in making them more productive and capable to execute their task activities within the
business organization.
Theme 6: Managing equality and diversity in ASDA help in enhancing employee
productivity level.
Q6) Does managing equality and diversity in ASDA help in
enhancing employee productivity level?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 10

30
10
a) Yes b) No
Interpretation: From the above-mentioned graph, it can be analysed that managing equality
and diversity is important that support in enhancing employee’s performance. In this regard,
30 out of 50 people agree with this statement and rest of 10 are not familiar with this theme.
Theme 7: Effective practices of equality and diversity can used by ASDA in improving
employee performance.
Q7) What are the effective practices of equality and diversity can
used by ASDA in improving employee performance?
Frequency
a) Understanding different culture 20
b) Develop employment creation programme 15
c) Effective communication 15
20
15
15
a) Understanding different culture
b) Develop employment creation programme
c) Effective communication

Interpretation: From the above-mentioned graphical representation it has been analysed that
there are various practices of equality and diversity that help business organization in
enhancing workers performance. In this, 20 out of 50 people give their views that
understanding different culture is one of the effective practices that help company in
managing diversity at workplace by encouraging workers to take participate in entire working
activities. Furthermore, 15 participants said that developing employment creation programme
is also consider as an appropriate practice that support providing opportunities to workers to
improve their performance. Apart from this, rest of 15 respondents think that effective
communication is also help in spreading awareness in employees so that they can easily
perform their task without of any kind of obstacles.
Theme 8: ASDA promote equality and diversity to maintain positive working
environment.
Q8) As per your view point, how ASDA promote equality and
diversity to maintain positive working environment?
Frequency
a) Put equality policies at workplace 20
b) Be proactive 20
c) Prevent unconscious bias 10
20
20
10
a) Put equality policies at workplace b) Be proactive
c) Prevent unconscious bias
Interpretation: It is important for every business organization to ensure that each and every
employee must be treated equally as it helps in building positive working environment. This
will also beneficial in improving overall performance of the workers that put positive impact
over the productivity level of company. For attaining the same, firm is also responsible for
promoting equality and diversity by using different ways that assist in developing positive

performance. As, 20 out of 50 participants think that put equality policies is also a way that
contributes in maintaining healthy relation at work station. Along with this, 20 respondents
give their views that be protective is helpful in developing diverse and equality. On the other
side, remaining 10 people said that prevent unconscious bias is effective that support in
reducing difference among workforce working at same platform.
Theme 9: Equality and diversity support in developing healthy relation among staff
members of ASDA at workplace.
Q9) Does equality and diversity support in developing healthy
relation among staff members of ASDA at workplace?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15
35
15
a) Yes b) No
Interpretation: As per preceding bar chart it can be evaluated that equality at working area
contributes in creating positive environment for employees in which they work their best
attain their target without any kind of issues and obstacles. One of the main advantages of
managing equality and diversity at workplace is effective as it makes employees more
productive and also influence them to perform their task activities in a same workplace with a
team. This will build positive relation among them as they easily share their view points with
others. With the help of this, company can easily reduce their employee turnover by retaining
workers for longer period of time. In relation to this, 35 out of 40 people give their views in
favour of this statement and rest of 15 participants are not agree with this theme.
M2 Discuss merits, limitations and pitfalls of approaches to data collection and analysis.

On the basis of the overall study, it can be concluded that the primary method of data
collection was highly successful as it provided accurate information on the proposed subject.
While another major disadvantage of this approach would be that responses was closed,
which did not give participants an opportunity to convey their same opinion of the same,
which really is unique from its options provided. The study produced on this basis was given
to the respondent approach, which offered an objective result but also had its own downside.
It study has taken a considerable amount of time from the investigator and has also made it
nearly impossible for them all to rely on the same valid outcome.
TASK 3
P5 Communicate research outcomes in an appropriate manner for the intended audience
After analysing the entire report, it can be analysed that equality and diversity is
considered to be a sensitive issue at workplace because there might be a possibility that a
person takes this too seriously. Thus, it is important that a company takes the factors and its
outcomes into consideration in order to maintain equality and diversity. First of all, in the
research, a discussion on significance of equality and diversity was done to have a better
understanding about the concept of the same. Therefore, it has been analysed that with the
inclusion of globalisation and operating business at global level, company has gained many
opportunities but as a drawback workplace discrimination has also played an important role
in creating problems. Moreover, now, company has skilful employees from diverse culture or
background for executing the business properly. However, besides this if equality and
diversity is practiced properly than positive outcomes can be determined and company can
reach to its highest level as compared to other firms because it will definitely increase the
productivity level of employees and consequently the profit of the company.
Along with this, equality and diversity if practiced properly than it can provide
benefits by embracing which a company can attain success. In relation to the company
ASDA, incorporating equality and diversity will boost the collaboration at workplace means
people will enjoy working together forgetting about from which background they belong to.
Thus, it helps an organisation in creating a positive culture and environment for workers.
Moreover, it can be said that, maintaining a better equality and diversity can be linked with
many elements or factors like better performance leads to better productivity and later on, an
improved brand image. Whatever the situation is, managing equality and diversity improves
the status of the company in front of customers and other stakeholders. Apart from this, there

are many ways through which these benefits can be availed such as by starting from the
initial stage i.e. from hiring process. Company should hire only those candidates who are
capable and have skills and knowledge for showing their knowledge and not on the basis of
favouritism or biasness. Other than this, using an effective communication process is one of
the ways which company can use for developing a better process of conducting all the
activities as it will help the company in maintaining a transparency between employees.
Therefore, this research helped in having a proper understanding about equality and
diversity along with the benefits a company can gain after implementing the same in an
effective manner.
M3 Coherently and logically communicate outcomes to the intended audience demonstrating
how outcomes meet set research objectives.
The ultimate results of the experiment might be successfully demonstrated to the
target audience through some kind of consultation meeting in which all the findings would
have been shown through a slide presentation. Suitable justification might be presented to
stakeholder groups by how important the end result of each and every goal have been
achieved. With the help of this, researcher can easily take right judgement and reliable
conclusion as well. This will supports in attaining all the set aims and objectives in an
effective manner.
TASK 4
P6 Effectiveness of research methods applied for meeting objectives of the business research
Methods applied in the research assist a researcher in conducting the entire research in an
appropriate manner. There are various methods which an investigator can choose thus, in
order to do this research, I choose both primary and secondary methods for gathering the
information from different sources. Former helped me in collecting data that were authentic
and have not been used by any other individual. This assist in making the research more valid
and reliable and moreover, other researchers can also do further study on the respective topic.
Whereas, secondary method od data collection was used to gather information from different
sources like books, journals, magazines, website etc., this is one of the common data
collection method chose by many researcher jut to have an in-depth knowledge and making
the part of literature review more appropriate means whosoever, read it can have develop an
understanding about the relevant topic. Moving forward, type of investigation which I chose
was quantitative type of method because gathering information will be in quantified form

which means it can be easily represented in tabular or statistical form. Along with this, while
talking about research philosophy it is generally, a guideline which shows a path for
conducting the research in an effective way. Thus, positivism research philosophy was taken
into consideration because it goes well with quantitative type of method allows the researcher
in establishing a relationship between two variables.
However, in context with research design, it is a kind of framework which is used to
undertake the research and to do this research, I have chosen descriptive research design as it
will help in having analysing and evaluating the collected information in descriptive manner.
Moreover, while taking about research approach which many researchers undertakes as a
blueprint. Thus, to do this research I chosen deductive approach because based on the
hypothetical base investigator tries to find out the answers of the question related to the
specific topic. Besides this, when talking about sampling, I chose simple random sampling
from probability sampling as it has the tendency of collecting information from the subset of
population without having biased results from the respondents.
P7 Alternative research methodologies and lesson learnt in view of the outcomes
Alternative research methodologies, is said to be as a process commonly used for
performing a research activity if a variant option is available wit the investigator. Thus, it can
be said that it is kept as a second option if the first option doesn’t go well. Therefore, in
relation with this research, although the researcher has chosen questionnaire in which a set of
10 questions were included along with its suitable choices which means, respondents can
answer these questions according to their belief or factors they have experienced against the
specific topic. Moreover, if having an option, researcher would have chosen interview as an
alternative method for conducting this researcher. Reason behind this was because of its
capacity of asking counter questions for the responses provided which means, respondents
can have in-depth knowledge about the person’s view and perception in context with the
selected topic. Even after its positive outcomes due to its time taking quality, researcher
chose questionnaire.
M4 Provide critical reflection and insight that results in recommended actions for
improvements and future research considerations
As per my personal experience with the research, it can be said that the use of the
structured interview would certainly help me to perform more efficient research in future, and
at the same time, it can be said that the respective method would also take longer as I have to

communicate privately with each and every participant in order to obtain relevant details. In
addition of this, use of interview is an effective method that support investigator to gather all
the necessary and relevant information that support in making overall research more effective
and successful.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it has been concluded that equality and diversity are the two
main elements for an organisation and needs to be maintained for having a peaceful working
environment. This is required to be maintained in order to gain maximum benefits from the
external environment in relation to profit. Benefits are confined with profit only but it also
includes employee’s performance, brand image of the company in front of its customers etc.,
however, in this global world there are many ways through which company can implement
new things and strategies for sustaining equality and diversity for a longer period of time.
Moreover, when talking about the information gathered from respondents, it was pure
and participants gave the answers by their own will, no-one force the respondents for giving
answers. According to the data collected most of them were aware about the concept of
equality and diversity and they believe that if it is maintained properly than it could be very
efficient for retaining the employees working within the organisation. While talking about
benefits, incorporating the factor i.e. equality and diversity it has not only improved the
productivity level of employees but also enhanced the brand reputation in the market area.
However, company also faced certain problems because of lack of equality and diversity at
workplace and most common was, employees were having issues unnecessarily without
having a solid reason of conflict which as more or less creating a negative working
environment at workplace. However, to control this, respondents believe with the fact that
better training and development facility along with equal pay scale can help the company in
maintaining a place for worth working. Therefore, productivity level of both employees and
company can be seen in the market area.
RECOMMENDATION
Managing things always provides with positive results, only the thing which is
important is to make proper strategies implementing which all the outcomes can be gained in
speculated time frame. Henceforth, company can provide effective training and development
programme to employees so that they can get a chance to know the culture of one another.
This will be helpful in performing the task in effective manner. Along with this, company

should establish a proper communication process through which employees can interact with
one another and understand about the different culture present in the society. Moreover,
company should take feedbacks related to the working environments or should make sure
whether employees are facing any kind of difficulties or not because if they face any then
appropriate strategies could be made and implemented at the same time.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Ali, M. and French, E., 2019. Age diversity management and organisational outcomes: The
role of diversity perspectives. Human Resource Management Journal, 29(2), pp.287-307.
Ennis, M.C., Gong, T. and Okpozo, A.Z., 2018. Examining the mediating roles of affective
and normative commitment in the relationship between transformational leadership practices
and turnover intention of government employees. International Journal of Public
Administration, 41(3), pp.203-215.
Sarkar, J., 2018. Linking Compensation and Turnover: Retrospection and Future Directions.
IUP Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17(1).
Rashid, A., Gul, F. and Khalid, G.K., 2018. Internal corporate social responsibility and
intention to quit: The mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior. NUML
International Journal of Business & Management, 13(1), pp.79-95.
Arif, S., 2018. Impact of Organizational Justice on Turnover Intentions: Moderating Role of
Job Embeddedness. SEISENSE Journal of Management, 1(2), pp.34-52.
Holston-Okae, B.L., 2018. The Effect of Employee Turnover in the Hospitality Industry:
Quantitative Correlational Study. International Journal of Learning and Development ISSN,
pp.2164-4063.
Nishii, L.H. and et. Al., 2018. A multi-level process model for understanding diversity
practice effectiveness. Academy of Management Annals, 12(1), pp.37-82.
Khan, Z. and et. Al., 2019. The role of HR practices in developing employee resilience: A
case study from the Pakistani telecommunications sector. The international journal of human
resource management, 30(8), pp.1342-1369.
Mansour, S. and Tremblay, D.G., 2018. Work–family conflict/family–work conflict, job
stress, burnout and intention to leave in the hotel industry in Quebec (Canada): moderating
role of need for family friendly practices as “resource passageways”. The International
Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(16), pp.2399-2430.

Malik, M.S., Sattar, S. and Yaqub, R.M.S., 2018. Mediating role of psychological contract
breach between workplace bullying, organizational commitment & employee turnover
intentions. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (PJCSS), 12(3), pp.935-952.
Kroll, A. and Tantardini, M., 2019. Motivating and retaining government employees: The
role of organizational social capital. International Public Management Journal, 22(2), pp.232-
253.
Yu, Q. and et. Al., 2019. Enhancing firm performance through internal market orientation
and employee organizational commitment. The International Journal of Human Resource
Management, 30(6), pp.964-987.
Ndzwayiba, N., Ukpere, W.I. and Steyn, M., 2018. Debunking the myth of job hopping
amongst black professionals in corporate South Africa. International Journal of Social
Economics.
Alzubi, Y.Z.W., 2018. Turnover intentions in Jordanian Universities: The role of leadership
behaviour, organizational commitment and organizational culture. International Journal of
Advanced and Applied Sciences, 5(1), pp.177-192.

Research Proposal Form
Student Name: _ Student ID: ____________
Centre Name:
Tutor: ________________ Date:
Unit: 11 Research Proposal
Proposed Title: Equality and diversity at workplace

Section One: Title, objective, responsibilities
Title or working title of the research project (in the form of a question, objective or
hypothesis)
Research Aim
To analyse the role of the equality and diversity practices in reduction of employees’
turnover in an organisation." A case study on ASDA.
Research objectives (e.g what is the question you want to answer? What do you want
to learn how to do? What do you want to find out?):
 To understand the notion and significance of equality and diversity practices.
 To determine several benefits that ASDA would get with the incorporation of
equality and diversity practices.
 To explore several ways by which implementation of equality and diversity
supports in retaining employees in ASDA.
Question
 What is the notion and significance of equality and diversity practices?
 What are the several benefits that ASDA would get with the incorporation of
equality and diversity practices?
 What are the ways by which implementation of equality and diversity supports in
retaining employees in ASDA?
Section Two: Reasons for choosing this research project
Reasons for choosing the project (e.g links to other subjects you are studying, personal interest,
future plans, knowledge/skills you want to improve, why the topic is important):
The definition and importance of equality and diversity will be included in this study. Along with some of
the advantages that an organization can reap by looking at the workforce and how its business thrives
relative to its competing businesses. There are many methods to accomplish equality and diversity, and
from this report, the researcher will help to determine the entire process through which the firm can easily
attain their set targets. In addition of this, investigator also improve their skills and knowledge on the basis
of specified research topic and area to take reliable and authentic decisions.

Section Three: Literature sources searched
According to Khan and et. Al., (2019), Equality and diversity are both used as a concept through
which one acknowledges the understanding of variations among groups of people. If it is
accurately described, and after that ensure stability that a target population is a treated fairly by
keeping up to date about what race, gender , age , religion, sexual orientation, etc. they belong to.
In the context of a company with a development of globalization, sustaining equality and diversity
has become a problem, although most companies manage to tackle the problem and develop
effective strategies. Therefore it is argued that, if a company wants to have maximum benefits, it
is necessary to even provide full equality because it increases the provision of more opportunities.
One of the main advantages of managing equality and diversity is that it help in increasing
productivity level that assist in reducing the employee turnover of the company at market place.
References
Khan, Z. and et. Al., 2019. The role of HR practices in developing employee resilience: A case study from
the Pakistani telecommunications sector. The international journal of human resource management, 30(8),
pp.1342-1369.
Section Four: Activities and timescales
Activities to be carried out during the research project (e.g research,
development and analysis of ideas, writing, data collection, numerical
analysis, tutor meetings, production of final outcome, evaluation, writing the
report):
Aims and objective
Research methodology
Literature review
Data collection
Data analysis
Conclusion and recommendations
Final submission
How long this will take:
2 days
5 days
7 days
10 days
13 days
8 days
3 days
Gantt Chart:

Section Five: Research approach and methodologies
What type of research approach and methodologies are you likely to use and why? What your areas
of research will cover:
It is important for researcher to select appropriate method and technique to collect relevant data
on the basis of specified topic and area. Mainly, researcher includes primary and secondary
method of data collection in which they prepare a structured questionnaire fill from selected
respondents in order to understand their view point towards the equality and diversity. On the
other side, secondary method assists in undertaking literature review that supports in providing
theoretical framework towards the research topic.
Sampling: It is refers to the effective process of selecting appropriate sample size from the large
number of population. For this, probabilistic sampling technique will be used by research in which
respondents are chosen as per random basis. With the help of this method, investigator select 50
participants who are the employees of the company.
Comments and agreement from tutor
Comments (optional):
I confirm that the project is not work which has been or will be submitted for another qualification
and is appropriate.
Agreed: ________________ (name)_______________ Date ______________
Comments and agreement form project proposal checker( IV sampling)
Comments (Optional):
I confirm that the project is appropriate.
Agreed /Disagree: (Name of the IV) Date

Research Ethics approval form
All students conducting research activity that involves human participants or the use of data
collected form human participants are required to gain ethical approval before commencing
their research. Please answer all relevant questions and note that your form may be returned if
incomplete.
For further support and guidance please see your respective Unit Tutor:
Before completing this form, we advise that you discuss your proposed research fully with
your unit tutor. Please complete this form in good time before your research project is due to
commence.
Section 1: Basic details:
Project title:
To analyse the role of the equality and diversity practices in reduction of employees’
turnover in an organisation." A case study on ASDA.
Student name:
Student ID number:
Programme:
College Name:
Intended research start date:
Intended research end date:
Section 2 Project summary
Please select all research methods that you plan to use as a part of your project:
1. Interviews No
2. Questionnaires Yes
3. Observations Yes
4. Use of personal records No
5. Data Analysis Yes
6. Action Research No
7. Focus Groups No
8. Others (Please specify) : n/a
Section 3: Participants
Please answer the following questions, giving full details where necessary.

Will your research involve human participants? Yes
Who are the participants? Tick all that apply:
Ages 12-16: No Young people aged: 17-18 No Adults: Yes
How will participants be recruited (identified an approached)?
Participants will be recruited through random sampling method
Describe the processes you will use to inform participants about what you are doing:
The participant will be information with the help of email
How will you obtain consent from participants? Will this be written? How will it be made clear to participants
that they may withdraw consent to participate at any time?
The consent of participants will be taken in written with the help of consent form.
Studies involving questionnaires: will participants be given the option of omitting questions that do not wish
to answer?
Yes
If no please explain why below and ensure that you cover any ethical issues arising from this
Studies involving observation: Confirm whether participants will be asked for their informed consent to be
observed.
Yes
Will you debrief participants at the end of their participation (i.e give them a brief explanation of the study)?
Yes
Will participants be given information about the findings of your study?(This could be a brief summary of
your findings in general)

Yes
Section 4: Data Storage and Security
Confirm that all personal data will be stored and processed in compliance with the Data Protection Act (1998)
Yes
Who will have access to the data and personal information?
Only Researcher and tutors
During the research:
Researcher/Supervisor
Where will the data be stored?
Data will be kept stored in USB and Laptop
Will mobile devices such as USB storage and laptops be used
Yes
If Yes, please provide further details:
After the research: the data will be safely disposed
Where will the data be stored?:
USB/Laptop
How long will the data and records be kept for and in what format?
At least six months
Will data be kept for use by other researchers? No
Section 5 : Ethical Issues
Are there any particular features of your proposed work, which may raise ethical concerns? If so, please
outline how you will deal with these: N/A
It is important that you demonstrate your awareness of potential risks that may arise because of your research.
Please consider/address all issues that may apply. Ethical concerns may include, but are not limited to the
following :
 Informed consent. Yes
 Potentially vulnerable participants. n/a
 Sensitive topics n/a
 Risk to participants and /or researchers: n/a
 Confidentiality/anonymity: Yes

 Disclosures/ limits to confidentiality: Yes
 Data storage and security, both during and after the research (including transfer, sharing, encryption,
protection). Yes
 Reporting: Yes
 Dissemination and use of your findings: Yes
Section 6: Declaration
I have read, understood and will abide by the institution’s Research and Ethics Policy: Yes
I have discussed the ethical issues relating to my research with my Unit Tutor:
Yes
I confirm that to the best of my knowledge:
The above information is correct, and this is a full description of the ethical issues that may arise in the
course of my research
Name: Date:
Please submit your completed form to your tutor and also attach to the Research Proposal when
submitting to Turnitin.