Role of Cultural Diversity in Managing Workplace Productivity

This research project aims to identify the role of cultural diversity and its importance in managing productivity at the workplace. The study focuses on Apple Inc as a multinational organization and explores the benefits of cultural diversity, ways to manage it, and its significance in improving productivity. The research methodology includes a literature review, research question, sub-questions, research aim and objectives, and data analysis. The findings highlight the positive impact of cultural diversity on productivity and provide recommendations for managing diversity effectively.

Research Project
(To identify the role of cultural diversity
and its importance in managing
productivity at workplace)

Contents
Executive summary ...............................................................................................................................3
Introduction/ background to the research area....................................................................................5
Research Question............................................................................................................................5
Sub-questions of research ...............................................................................................................5
Research aim and objectives ...........................................................................................................5
Rationale and importance for choosing the topic ............................................................................5
Literature review...................................................................................................................................7
What type of role played by cultural diversity at workplace of an organisation? ............................7
What are the several ways through which Apple Inc can easily manage cultural diversity at
workplace? ......................................................................................................................................7
What is the significance of cultural diversity management in improving productivity at workplace?
..........................................................................................................................................................8
Methodology.........................................................................................................................................9
Research Approach ..........................................................................................................................9
Research techniques .......................................................................................................................9
Data collection methods ..................................................................................................................9
Sampling...........................................................................................................................................9
Data analysis approach ..................................................................................................................10
Timeline of research activities.............................................................................................................10
Methodology ......................................................................................................................................12
Results/ Findings..................................................................................................................................15
Discussion ...........................................................................................................................................17
Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................22
Recommendation ...............................................................................................................................22
Reflection ............................................................................................................................................23
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................25
Appendix .............................................................................................................................................27

Executive summary
Main intent behind conducting this report is to identify the role of cultural diversity
and its importance in managing productivity at workplace. This is a main purpose and in
order to accomplish this purpose, different numbers of activities or tasks were completed by
researcher. Literature review is a main activity that was done by using number of secondary
sources such as articles, magazines, books etc. Research methodology is another activity that
was important for researcher in gathering as well as analysing of reliable information with the
use of questionnaire. Results were described by the researcher by using frequency
distribution analysis and Ms-Excel for making effective graphs. Discussion was done by
interpreting primary data and relating with this data to the literature review. Conclusion was
completed by researcher by presenting entire information in short manner. Recommendations
were done by providing suggestions to the company about the improvements that are related
with the topic. Reflection is a last part that was done by explaining experience and
effectiveness of research methods in accomplishing of research aim and objectives.

Introduction/ background to the research area
Cultural diversity introduces to the quality of different or diverse cultures within a workplace. It
is a type of appreciating the differences in an employee. These differences can base on sex, gender,
age, sexual orientation, ethnicity and social status of an individual. For this research, Apple Inc is a
chosen multinational organisation that was founded by Steve Jobs in 1976. Company specialise in
designing, developing and selling of consumer electronic products and online services to the large
number of customers (De Aquino and Robertson, 2018). Therefore, it is a
multigenerational organisation with employees from 18 to 87. They are our most diverse as well as
fastest-growing population. There are different benefits of cultural diversity at workplace of
company including improved creativity, increased productivity, reduced employee turnover etc.
Therefore, management of cultural diversity at workplace is important for the growth and success of
business. There are some ways by which company can easily manage cultural diversity at workplace
such as effective communication, team building, awareness and model the right behaviour. These
are essential ways in managing cultural diversity and increasing productivity in the workplace of
Apple Inc.
Research Question
 How cultural diversity helps an organisation in improvement of productivity level at
workplace?
Sub-questions of research
 What type of role played by cultural diversity at workplace of an organisation?
 What are the several ways through which Apple Inc can easily manage cultural diversity at
workplace?
 What is the significance of cultural diversity management in improving productivity at
workplace?
Research aim and objectives
Research aim:
Main aim of this research is “To identify the role of cultural diversity and its importance in
managing productivity at workplace. A study on Apple Inc.
Research Objectives:
 To identify the role of cultural diversity at workplace of an organisation.
 To determine the ways for managing cultural diversity at workplace of Apple Inc.
 To analysis the significance of cultural diversity management in improving productivity at
workplace.
Rationale and importance for choosing the topic
Main reason for selecting this topic is to increase awareness about the role and importance of
cultural diversity management in improving productivity at workplace. With the help of this
knowledge, each organisation tries to hire employees from different and diverse background. This
research is important in practical and academic level. If this research is published this will be
beneficial at academic level by increasing student’s understanding about the significance of cultural

diversity. At practical level, this research support large number of organisation by providing data
about the ways of cultural diversity management and its significant in increment of productivity level
in the workplace. Therefore, this research is important at practical and academic level (Roberson,
2019).

Literature review
Literature review is a reproducible, explicit and systematic process of finding, evaluating and
synthesizing the present structure of completed and recorded work created by researcher,
practitioners and scholars. This section of the research is completely based on secondary sources
which are articles, magazines, books, publication research, journals etc. All these are useful sources
within an investigation because this will support researcher in collecting of detailed and in-depth
information regarding the cultural diversity (Angouri, 2018). Main research gap is to identify the
ways for managing cultural diversity at workplace. In previous study, there is information about the
ways of cultural diversity management but there is lack of data about its importance in improvement
of productivity level at workplace. In order to fulfil this literature gap, some research questions will
be uses which are described as below:
What type of role played by cultural diversity at workplace of an organisation?
According to the Amadeo (2020), Diversity at workplace has been essential topic in many
organisations. Diverse workforce at workplace helps organisations to rethink how diversity impacts
the working place as well as business affords. Along with this, there are numerous roles played by
diverse workforce at workplace. First off, associations that focus on recruiting diverse employees
have a bigger pool of candidates to select from, which can prompt to analysing more knowledgeable
or candidates and decreasing the time it takes to fill empty positions. Organisations that do not hire
from diverse or different talent pools run the difficulty of missing out on competent candidates and
may have risk in filling key roles, which maximise recruitment costs. There are some effective roles of
cultural diversity which will be explained as below:
 Cultural diversity maximise satisfaction level of customers by enhancing how employees of
company act together with a more diverse public and clientele.
 Cultural diversity helps an organisation in increasing creativity and innovation at workplace. this
turn to support business in improvement of its productivity and profitability level easily.
What are the several ways through which Apple Inc can easily manage cultural diversity at
workplace?
According to the Richard T. Alpert (2020), developing cultural proficiency outputs in
a capability to know, communicate with, and efficiently act together with
individual’s crosswise cultures, and work with changing cultural beliefs and
schedules. There are some effective ways, by which Apple Inc can easily mange
cultural diversity at workplace. These ways will be explained as below:
Communication: It is a best way for an organisation to practice in effective or efficient
communication within multi-cultural environment. In this company can keep an open mind, practice
active listening, have accurate understanding of cultural differences and watch their nonverbal
communication. This will support them in management of cultural diversity in the workplace which
turn to effect on productivity level in positive manner.
Teamwork: It is essential for company to have an open mind in the direction of new culture
and hold the diverse dynamic on collective teamwork rather than emphasis on individual
differences. Company will also see other employee’s opinion as a chance to expand their horizons. It
will be beneficial and essential for Apple Inc in management of cultural diversity in the working place
and achievement of better outcomes easily.

What is the significance of cultural diversity management in improving productivity at
workplace?
As per the opinion of Reynolds (2019), diverse team within an organisation are more productive
and perform each task and activities of business in effective manner. The range of working methods,
expertise and experience offered by diverse workforce that can help an organisation in boosting of
its problem solving capacity and leading to their higher productivity. According to the previous
studies it has been shown, organisations that have diverse employees in their workplace are more
productive and happier as compare to other originations that not have diverse employees. Along
with this, there are another significance of managing cultural diversity at workplace including wider
range of skills, improves culture insights, improved company reputation, reduced employee
turnover, improved employee’s engagement, improved creativity, increased productivity, increased
profit and so on. These are main benefits that can e get by company if they mange cultural diversity
in the workplace. This turn to support business in accomplishment of its competitive advantages and
achievement of long term goals within a minimum time period.

Methodology
Research methodology is the definite procedures or techniques that are used by investigator for
finding, selecting, collecting and analysing data about a specific topic. This section of the research
involves specific methods that are adopted within investigation process to gather, collect and
evaluate information. It defines those techniques that are followed to collect relevant and accurate
data in a particular research study (Amjad and et. al., 2018). According to the current topic or
research, there are some useful methods or techniques which will be explained as below:
Research Approach
This is a part of data collection that basically has three approaches which are qualitative,
quantitative or mixed. All these approaches are significance but for collecting data regarding the
management of cultural diversity at workplace, quantitative approach will be applied. Main basis for
using quantitative approach is it make easy for researcher in collecting of reliable and valid
information about the existing research topic within lesser time duration. On the other hand,
qualitative or mixed approaches of data collection are not useful according to the current study
because it get maximum time and can create misleading conclusions (Aoyama, Hoshika and Honda,
2018).
Research techniques
This is an important section of research because it helps researcher in collecting of data from
number of techniques i.e. case studies, modelling, questionnaire, interview and so on. These are
main and effective techniques of data collection but for gathering information regarding the
management of cultural diversity at workplace, questionnaire will be make use of because it
facilitate in collecting of reliable and quantitative information in lesser time period. On the other
hand, interview, modelling, case studies etc. are other techniques of data collection but within an
investigation, these are not useful because it takes more time (Gaur and Kumar, 2018).
Data collection methods
There are two types or methods or data collection which are primary and secondary. In order
to gather primary data about the cultural diversity, questionnaire will be used for the reason that, it
helps in gathering of quantitative and valid information easily. However, for collecting secondary
data regarding the management of cultural diversity at workplace number of secondary sources
used for literature review i.e. books, articles, journals, publication research and so on. Main reason
for using secondary sources of data collection as it support researcher in gathering of detailed and
valid information about the study. Therefore, primary and secondary data will be collected within an
investigation (Gjesfjeld and et. al., 2020).
Sampling
There are two techniques of sampling which named are non-probability and probability,
within an investigation, 50 managers of Apple Inc will be recruited randomly under probability
sampling method. Main rationale for using probability sampling as it is based on large sample and
support researcher in identification of respondent’s opinion about the topic in minimum time period
(Güven, 2018).
Data analysis approach
In order to analysis data, there are two approaches which are inductive and deductive. This
project is based on quantitative research and for gathering quantitative information; deductive

approach will be make use. At the same time as it assist in analysing the reliable and valid
information regarding the cultural diversity and its importance in managing productivity level at
workplace. On the other hand, inductive approach is not valuable for current investigation because it
is based on qualitative data and requires more time as well as cost of the researcher (Kelly and et.
al., 2018).
Timeline of research activities
Timeline of research activities is important part for researcher in conducting of full project in
systematic manner. There are two approaches of time horizon which are cross-sectional approach
and longitudinal approach. Both are effective but according to the current study, cross-sectional
approach of time horizon will be make use because it is based on current situation and assist
researcher in completion of full project in minimum time duration. Along with this, Gantt char will
also used in this project because it is more useful and valuable time management tool. At the same
time as it support researcher in identification of starting and ending time period of each activity. This
will be beneficial for investigator in completion of research within allotted time period and in
systematic manner. There are several advantages of using Gantt chart in research such as: easy to
schedule the activities, easy to understand, visual and clear representation of time frames (Kelly and
et. al., 2018). There are some activities prepared according to the project apart from their starting
and ending time period. These are shown as below:

From the above mention Gantt chart, there are number of milestone but there are two
main which are Literature review and data collection. In order to complete literature review,
researcher will require minimum 11 days. For collecting data, researcher will take minimum
25 days.
Methodology
Methodology refers to the significant part of study that will helps researcher in
gathering as well as evaluating of data in appropriate and relevant ways. There are some
methods that will be beneficial in completing of full research which will be described as
below:
Research Philosophy: This section has two types of philosophy which are positivism
and interpretivisim. Both are essential but doing current study, positivism philosophy will be
applied because it support in collecting and analysing of quantitative information regarding
the role of cultural diversity and its importance in managing productivity at workplace within
limited time duration (Amjad and et. al., 2018).

Research approach: There are two approaches of study which are known as inductive
and deductive. These are essential but for conducting this investigation, deductive approach
will be applied because it facilitate in analysing of data in form of quantitative and in less
time duration. On the other side, inductive is another approach that is not helpful for
researcher in performing of present study over the role of cultural diversity because it takes
maximum time of researcher and not provide information in quantitative manner (Wu and et.
al., 2018).
Data collection: Data collection is the essential process of collecting information
regarding the field of study. There are basically two types of sources that will be used within
an investigation for collecting primary as well as secondary information. Questionnaire has
been applied by researcher for gathering primary information (Barak, 2016). On the other
side, secondary is another source of data collection that helps investigator in gathering of in-
depth and accurate information from number of sources such as magazines, books, articles,
publication research etc. Therefore, within a current study, both primary and secondary
sources of data collection are useful.
Sampling: Sampling within an investigation refers to the process of sample selection.
For selecting sample, there are two techniques or methods which are probability and non-
probability. These techniques are essential but for selecting sample size according to the
exiting topic or study, simple random sampling under probability sampling has been followed
because it helps in saving time and also selection of large number of sample size. However,
non-probability type of sampling is not appropriate for current investigation because it is
based on small number of sample size and also need maximum time period (Schilpzand, De
Pater and Erez, 2016).
Research instruments: There are number of research instruments which are
interview, questionnaire, observation, focus group etc. All are consider effective instruments
but for collecting information or data about the role of diversity, questionnaire has been
applied by investigator because it is useful in gathering of valid and reliable data within less
time as compare to other instruments of study (Gjesfjeld and et. al., 2020). Questionnaire
according to the current project will be presented as below:
Q1) Do you aware about the concept of cultural diversity? Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
Q2) Does managing cultural diversity is important at Frequency

workplace in increasing employees’ productivity?
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Q3) What are the major benefits of managing cultural
diversity acquire by Apple at working area?
Frequency
a) Promote creativity 20
b) Increase employee productivity 20
c) Enhance innovation 10
Q4) What kind of challenges faced by Apple due to cultural
diversity at working area?
Frequency
a) Cultural barriers 20
b) Develop negative working environment 15
c) Reduce employee productivity 15
Q5) What are the alternative ways by which Apple can
overcome from the issue of cultural diversity?
Frequency
a) Strong leadership 20
b) Proper training and development 20
c) Provide equal opportunity 10
Q6) According to you, managing diversity at working area
help in enhancing performance level of company at market
place?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15
Q7) Does spreading awareness about cultural diversity among
employees is important for Apple Inc to enhance productivity
level?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Q8) Is managing cultural diversity help in building positive
relation among staff members?
Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
Q9) As per your view point, how Apple Inc promotes diversity
at working area?
Frequency
a) Promote a positive learning climate 30
b) Encourage employee interaction 10
c) Proper flexibility at workplace 10
Ethical consideration: Within a current study, research ethics played an important
role in completing full study ethically. There are some values or principles of research ethics
that must be require using by researcher. These principles are specifically related with safety
of confidentiality and anonymity, reducing the threat of harm, acquiring informed consent,
warding off use of misleading practices and presenting right to withdraw to the studies
members. All those are predominant concepts that should be following within a research by

way of researcher because it allows them in completion of full dissertation ethically in
addition to successfully (Gurung and Prater, 2017).
Research reliability and validity: This introduces to the powerful and critical part of
study’s methodology as it help in checking out of validity and reliability of look at. For this
segment of method, questionnaire is extra appropriate because it aid investigator in
accumulating and analysing of data about the topic in dependable and valid way. Therefore,
this can support in gaining of legitimate consequences without problems and accomplishment
of studies aim and objectives inside constrained time period and in powerful manner (Han
and Beyerlein, 2016).

Results/ Findings
This is an important part of study that helps investigator in identification id number of
respondents and their view ablaut the questions. For results, there is need for researcher to
make graphs and tables. Graphs will be made with the help of Ms-Excel that is effective in
presenting of data in graphical manner. Along with this, for analysing data, frequency
distribution table has been made that support investigator in analysing of quantitative
information systematically (Jimenez, Boehe, Taras and Caprar, 2017). Distribution table and
graphs has been mentioned as below:
Q1) Do you aware about the concept of cultural diversity? Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
Q2) Does managing cultural diversity is important at
workplace in increasing employees’ productivity?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Q3) What are the major benefits of managing cultural
diversity acquire by Apple at working area?
Frequency
a) Promote creativity 20
b) Increase employee productivity 20
c) Enhance innovation 10
Q4) What kind of challenges faced by Apple due to cultural
diversity at working area?
Frequency
a) Cultural barriers 20
b) Develop negative working environment 15
c) Reduce employee productivity 15
Q5) What are the alternative ways by which Apple can
overcome from the issue of cultural diversity?
Frequency
a) Strong leadership 20
b) Proper training and development 20
c) Provide equal opportunity 10
Q6) According to you, managing diversity at working area
help in enhancing performance level of company at market
place?
Frequency
a) Yes 35

b) No 15
Q7) Does spreading awareness about cultural diversity among
employees is important for Apple Inc to enhance productivity
level?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Q8) Is managing cultural diversity help in building positive
relation among staff members?
Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
Q9) As per your view point, how Apple Inc promotes diversity
at working area?
Frequency
a) Promote a positive learning climate 30
b) Encourage employee interaction 10
c) Proper flexibility at workplace 10

Discussion
This is another important part of the research report that will helps researcher in
interpreting and evaluating of results of the study. This section of the research is based on
findings which are related with literature review (Mousa and Alas, 2016). This will support
researcher in gaining of valid outcomes and achieving of research aim and objectives easily.
Interpretation of primary data and their relation with literature review has been explained as
below:
Theme 1: Awareness about the concept of cultural diversity.
Interpretation: Unlike other things, globalisation has provided a large number of
benefits to the organisation who are operating their business at global level. Company can
now have an opportunity to select suitable candidates from the large pool of talents.
According to respondents, 40 out of 50 participants go with the option “Yes”, which means
that they are aware about the concept of cultural diversity which means they know that
cultural diversity means accepting and respecting people who are from other culture. It
provides every individual with an identity that makes him/her different or unique from one
another. However, cultural diversity includes various parameters and elements such as
ethnicity, race, gender etc., and it becomes prime responsibility of superiors or mangers to
manage and maintain gender equality at workplace. Moreover, believes that culture diversity
while working in a workplace provides with an opportunity to work with people who are
from diverse culture and also increase the productivity level of both company and individual.
Whereas, other 10 respondents don’t know anything about the concept of cultural diversity
and how maintaining the same at workplace can provide benefits in terms of profit and an
increased market share.
Theme 2: Managing cultural diversity is important at workplace in increasing
employees’ productivity.
Interpretation: Cultural diversity, for a company has become one of the major
sources in relation to increasing the value and profitability at the market area. Now, while
performing an activity company can have a lot of ideas which however, enables company in
getting their job done in a unique and creative manner. As per the responses collected from
respondents, it has been evaluated that 30 numbers of participants out of 50 believe that
“Yes”, managing cultural diversity within the organisation always helps in increasing the
productivity of an employee. It helps in improving community relations which furthermore,

assist company in performing any kind of activity under a single umbrella. All these
respondents also think that having a culturally diverse workplace provides with a variety of
perspectives and this is because of the critical thinking process of individuals who are
associated with the action. Whereas, other respondents i.e. 20 out of 50 participants thinks
that cultural diversity has not role in increasing the productivity level of an employee at
workplace. As it is all about the knowledge they acquire and handwork they do in order to
achieve the goals and objectives in a speculated time frame.
Theme 3: Major benefits of managing cultural diversity acquire by Apple at working
area.
Interpretation: If an organisation, easily manage the cultural diversity at workplace
than they can attain benefits from the same. Thus, it is required that an effective rules and
regulations are developed, regulated and maintained. This will help the organisation in
getting activities done in an effective manner. Moreover, as per the viewpoints of 20
respondents, they think that managing cultural diversity promotes creativity because it helps
in thinking about the same task with different mind sets. Thus, employees will come up with
better new ideas in order to perform an activity. Besides this, better decision making will be
possible and as a result, company can achieve what they have thought of achieving. Whereas,
while talking about other 20 participants, they believe that having a proper management at
workplace enhance the productivity level of employees because it provides leverage to
workers to think according to their better innovative abilities and provides company with
better problem-solving measures. Lastly, remaining 10 respondents think that by managing
cultural diversity, company can enhance innovation. Reason behind this is proper employee
engagement because employees from diverse group encourage workers in involving
themselves truly in the job. As a result, it creates a sense of belongingness towards the
company and moreover, in context with company they get a better opportunity if building
great reputation.
Therefore, whatever the company is whether working at global level or at local level
whether it is small, medium or large if management of the company succeeds in managing
cultural diversity than firm will not only be able to increase its profits but will become
capable of providing effective services and facilities in a speculated time frame (Ravazzani,
2016).
Theme 4: Challenges faced by Apple due to cultural diversity at working area.

Interpretation: While managing diversity at working area, business organization face
various issues and problems because due to diverse culture workforce also fail in performing
their task and activities. These can be put negative impact over the employee performance
and at the same time also reduce their motivation level. In this, 20 out of 50 respondents think
that cultural barrier is major issue faced by company at working area that develop adverse
impact over the employee performance. In addition of this, 15 people think that it also
develops negative working environment that reduce workers motivation towards the set goals
ad objectives. On the other hand, rest of 15 participants said that it may also reduce employee
productivity through which workers fails in achieving their objectives in an effective manner.
Theme 5: Alternative ways by which Apple can overcome from the issue of cultural
diversity.
Interpretation: Managing cultural diversity is not an easy task for company because
it creates various issues and complexities at working area because workers are from different
culture and background. This is the reason that company use alternative ways to overcome
from the issues that arise due to diverse culture. With the assistance of this, firm can easily
improve their performance and also enhance employee productivity. In relation to this, 20 out
of 50 people think that strong leadership is one of the effective ways that help company in
eliminating the issue of cultural diversity as it support in leading workers in order to make
them able in performing their best and at the same time also attain their set goals and
objectives. In addition of this, 20 respondents give their views that providing proper training
and development is help in improving employees ‘skills and knowledge about the specified
target and objectives. This can be beneficial in improving their efficiency level and at the
same time also influence them to give their best efforts to accomplishing their targets.
Furthermore, remaining 20 participants said that providing equal opportunities to each and
every staff members also help in managing diversity and equality at working area. As
employees can easily perform their task along with diverse workforce by managing their
relation with others. All these are directly contributes enhancing the possibilities retaining
workers for longer period of time within the business. It also beneficial in reducing employee
turnover that support in establishing positive and famous brand image at market place.
Theme 6: Managing diversity at working area help in enhancing performance level of
company at market place.

Interpretation: In business organization, different people are working who are totally
different from culture and nation as well. Mainly, cultural diversity plays a significant role in
creating innovation as working area as it helps in increasing profitability level of the
company. Along with this it is also beneficial in developing positive brand image at market
place by reducing its employee turnover. In this context, 35out of 40 people give their view
that managing diversity at working area may help in making employees more productive
through which they can easily execute their task and activities. On the other side, remaining
15 participants are not aware about this theme.
Theme 7: Spreading awareness about cultural diversity among employees is important
for Apple Inc to enhance productivity level.
Interpretation: From the preceding graphical represents that promoting cultural
diversity at working area is important because it support company in inviting talent and skills
workers who are able to perform their task in a group and also share healthy relation at
workplace. In this context, spreading awareness at working area is effective through which
employees are aware about diversity and its influences. This will also contribute in keeping
workers more productive and efficient who contributes in accomplishing positive and
competitive image at market place. In relation to this, 30 out of 50 people give their views
that diverse culture may aid in developing productive workplace wherein all the employees
perform their work effectively and also tries to attain their targets without any kind of issues
and obstacles. Apart from this, remaining 20 participants think that spreading awareness
about cultural diversity does not important in enhancing productivity level of the workers and
company as well.
Theme 8: Managing cultural diversity help in building positive relation among staff
members.
Interpretation: Managing cultural diversity is important for every business
organization as it help workers in developing positive and healthy relation with each other’s.
As company operate their business at wider scale wherein, they recruit large and diverse
workforce who belongs to different culture and background as well. This can be beneficial in
developing healthy working environment in which staff members easily perform their task
and activities along with higher productivity level. With the help of this, workers always try
to managing healthy relation with others by sharing their view points. It directly contributes
in enhancing employee’s performance and at the same time also encourage them to take

participates in entire business activities. With the help of this, company can easily build their
competitive and famous brand image at market place. In this context, 40 out of 50 people
give their views that by managing diverse culture employees is able to develop as well as
build positive relation with other staff members and remaining 10 respondents are not aware
about the time and does not have any ideas about managing diversity at working area.
Theme 9: Apple Inc promotes diversity at working area.
Interpretation: As per preceding graphical representation it can be evaluated that it is
important for business organization to promote equality and diversity at working at area as it
helps in developing positive working environment. This can be beneficial in developing
competitive brand image. In this regard, 30 out of 50 respondents think that promoting a
positive learning climate at working is an effective way that used by company with the aim of
making employees able and eligible to attain their targets. Along with this, 10 participants
think that encouraging employee interaction is also help in promoting as well as managing
cultural diversity at working area. Apart from this, rest of 10 people give their views that
providing proper flexibility at workplace support workers in making able in accepting all
kind of changes in an effective manner. This will directly contribute in enhancing overall
performance of the company.

Conclusion
From the above mentioned information, it has been concluded that most of the
participants are aware regarding the cultural diversity and its role within an organisation.
Literature review was completed by investigator by using secondary sources including
articles, books etc. Secondary sources helped researcher in achieving of valid outcomes
easily. Different methods also used for attaining research aim and objectives. These are
questionnaire, deductive approach, positivism philosophy etc. All these are effective and
supported researcher in attainment of valid results within less time period. For research
findings, frequency distribution analysis used by researcher that was essential for them in
analysing of information within minimum time period. There are number of roles and
benefits played by cultural diversity at workplace of company such as promoted creativity,
increased employee productivity and enhanced innovation. All these are effective for
business performance and in accomplishment of competitive advantages easily. Apart from
this, there are also different issues analysed that were faced by company while managing
diversity at working area such as cultural barriers, negative working environment and
reduced productivity level of employees. These are main issues that have negative effect over
business performance and growth of company. Apart from this, number of ways used by
company for company issues associated with the cultural diversity. These ways are developed
strong leadership, providence of training and development and providence of equal
opportunities. There, all these are effective that were supported company in improvement of
its business performance. Along with this, different ways were also followed by an
organisation for promoting diversity at workplace. These are, encouraged employee
interactions, promote a positive learning criminate and proper flexibility at workplace.
Recommendation
From the above mentioned data, there is need of suitable changes and solutions that
will be used by Apple Inc for managing cultural diversity at workplace. These solutions will
be explained as below:
 Apple Inc. should also supply alternative of bendy running to their divers and other
personnel. As it aid company by using keeping employees for long time and also
assist to boom client’s base. As educated and satisfied staff could be able to address
patron's complainants and offer higher services which lead to help commercial
enterprise with the aid of growing its sales.

 Apple Inc. Should offer war resolution education to their divers’ staff as it aids them
in reduction of struggle or misunderstanding among personnel. It will in addition
assist a business enterprise in development of its performance.
Reflection
In order to meet with studies goals I used specific strategies for accumulating
statistics about the topic. I used questionnaire for amassing of primary facts. It is a powerful
method because it supported me via supplying data in reliable and quantitative way. This
method also helped me by means of saving my time and presenting appropriate statistics
about the subject. In order to accumulate secondary records I used books, journals etc.
Sources that helped in overcoming studies gap and attainment of studies aim and goals.
There is recommendation for opportunity study’s methodology that is Interview. It is an
alternative instrument of questionnaire as a way to also assist researcher in gathering of
number one information. In this respondents are free to provide their view and opinions about
the subject. Along with this by way of doing this investigation I found out about the
advantages of cultural range and bad effect of verbal exchange at place of work. In order to
explain my journey I used Gibbs' reflective model. This is a useful model and helps me in
describing my overall journey in completion of research. This model includes 6 stages which
has been explained as below:
Description: In order to conduct this research, I used different methods and
techniques that support me by providing accurate and reliable information regarding the
topic. While doing this research, I increased my knowledge regarding the role of cultural
diversity in improvement of productivity level. I also faced certain issues while doing this
investigation such as in-sufficient time, lack of resources, improper behaviour of respondents
etc.
Feelings: By doing this research I felt happy and motivated. While doing this
research, my superior and tutor motivated me by providing proper guidance. This helped me
in completion of full project systematically and happily.
Evaluation: By doing this investigation, I evaluate my strength and weakness. I
observed, communication skill and presentation skill are much better that helped me in
presenting of quantitative information easily. I also evaluated that my time management skill
was weak that created more difficulties for me while completion of full project in given time
period.

Analysis: In order to overcome my weakness I used certain techniques and ways.
Time management is my weakness and in order to overcoming this weak point I used Gantt
chart as a time management tool. This tool supported me in completion of entire activities
within given time period.
Conclusion: As a conclusion, my experience was good for doing this investigation. I
used questionnaire that helped me in completion of each and every activity in less time
period.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
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Systematic Review of ARELE 13–28. ARELE: Annual Review of English Language
Education in Japan. 29. pp.241-256.
Barak, M. E. M., 2016. Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Sage
Publications.
De Aquino, C. T. E. and Robertson, R. W., 2018. Diversity and Inclusion in the Global Workplace.
Springer.
Gaur, A. and Kumar, M., 2018. A systematic approach to conducting review studies: An assessment
of content analysis in 25 years of IB research. Journal of World Business. 53(2). pp.280-
289.
Gjesfjeld, E. And et. al., 2020. A quantitative workflow for modeling diversification in material
culture. PLoS One. 15(2). p.e0227579.
Gjesfjeld, E. And et. al., 2020. A quantitative workflow for modeling diversification in
material culture. PLoS One. 15(2). p.e0227579.
Gurung, A. and Prater, E., 2017. A research framework for the impact of cultural differences
on IT outsourcing. In Global sourcing of services: strategies, issues and
challenges (pp. 49-82).
Güven, B., 2018. The Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Organizational Citizenship
Behavior. Journal of Business & Economic Policy 5(3). pp.54-66..
Han, S. J. and Beyerlein, M., 2016. Framing the effects of multinational cultural diversity on
virtual team processes. Small group research. 47(4). pp.351-383.
Jimenez, A., Boehe, D. M., Taras, V. and Caprar, D. V., 2017. Working across boundaries:
Current and future perspectives on global virtual teams. Journal of International
Management. 23(4). pp.341-349.
Kelly, M. and et. al., 2018. Considering axiological integrity: a methodological analysis of qualitative
evidence syntheses, and its implications for health professions education. Advances in
Health Sciences Education. 23(4). pp.833-851.
Mousa, M. and Alas, R., 2016. Cultural diversity and organizational commitment: A study on
teachers of primary public schools in Menoufia (Egypt). International business
research. 9(7). pp.154-163..
Ravazzani, S., 2016. Understanding approaches to managing diversity in the
workplace. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal.

Roberson, Q. M., 2019. Diversity in the workplace: A review, synthesis, and future research
agenda. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 6,
pp.69-88.
Schilpzand, P., De Pater, I. E. and Erez, A., 2016. Workplace incivility: A review of the
literature and agenda for future research. Journal of Organizational behaviour. 37.
pp.S57-S88.
Wu, Y. and et. al., 2018. A survey of physical layer security techniques for 5G wireless
networks and challenges ahead. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in
Communications. 36(4). pp.679-695.
Online
Amadeo. K., 2020. Cultural diversity in the workplace. [Online]. Available through:<
https://www.thebalance.com/cultural-diversity-3306201>
Richard T. Alpert. 2020. Cultural diversity in the workplace. [Online]. Available through:<
https://www.diversityresources.com/cultural-diversity-workplace/ >
Reynolds. K., (2019). Benefits of Cultural diversity in the workplace. [Online]. Available through:<
https://www.thebalance.com/cultural-diversity-3306201>

Appendix
Questionnaire
Q1) Do you aware about the concept of cultural diversity?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) Does managing cultural diversity is important at workplace in increasing
employees ‘productivity?
a) Yes
b) No
Q3) What are the major benefits of managing cultural diversity acquire by Apple at
working area?
a) Promote creativity
b) Increase employee productivity
c) Enhance innovation
Q4) What kind of challenges faced by Apple due to cultural diversity at working area?
a) Cultural barriers
b) Develop negative working environment
c) Reduce employee productivity
Q5) What are the alternative ways by which Apple can overcome from the issue of
cultural diversity?
a) Strong leadership
b) Proper training and development
c) Provide equal opportunity
Q6) According to you, managing diversity at working area help in enhancing
performance level of company at market place?
a) Yes
b) No
Q7) Dispreading awareness about cultural diversity among employees is important for
Apple Inc to enhance productivity level?
a) Yes
b) No
Q8) Is managing cultural diversity help in building positive relation among staff

members?
a) Yes
b) No
Q9) As per your view point, how Apple Inc promote diversity at working area?
a) Promote a positive learning climate
b) Encourage employee interaction
c) Proper flexibility at workplace
Q10) Recommended the ways by which company can manage diversity at working area
to attain success.