How Positive Treatment Promotes Equality and Diversity in the Workplace - Case Study on Tesco

This research project focuses on how positive treatment promotes equality and diversity in the workplace, using Tesco as a case study. The literature review examines the impact of positive treatment on equal opportunity policies and the workplace diversity of Tesco. The research methodology includes research philosophy, approach, method, and sources of data. The data analysis and interpretation section presents findings from a questionnaire survey. Recommendations for promoting equality and diversity at Tesco are also provided.

Research Project

Table of Contents
TOPIC .............................................................................................................................................1
PART 2............................................................................................................................................1
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................1
Positive treatment helps to improve the equal opportunity policy.........................................1
To examine the impact of equality on the workplace diversity of Tesco...............................2
RESERACH METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................3
Research Philosophy..............................................................................................................3
Research approach .................................................................................................................3
Research method....................................................................................................................4
Sources of data.......................................................................................................................4
Research ethics.......................................................................................................................6
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETAION ..............................................................................6
Interpretation of collected data ..............................................................................................8
REFELCTION, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION (500).........................................13
Research findings and conclusion........................................................................................13
Recommendations................................................................................................................13
Reflection ............................................................................................................................14
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

TOPIC
“How does positive treatment promote equality and diversity in workplace”. - Case study
on Tesco.
PART 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
Literature review basically provides a comprehensive summary of previous research
conducted by some scholar on a specific topic thus, it includes review of various surveys,
scholarly articles, books and various other sources that are relevant and associated with a
particular research area (Hamzat, 2019). The main aim of this literature review is to provide a
theoretical base for the current research that makes it easy to determine the nature of research
through providing acknowledgement to some previous research. This literature review is
conducted on the current topic i.e. “How does positive treatment promote equality and diversity
in workplace” and for that purpose use of various online websites and scholarly articles are made
to have an evaluation of various research objectives and questions.
Positive treatment helps to improve the equal opportunity policy
According to the view point of Shelley Frost, (2020), a positive culture and treatment at
workplace facilitates improvement in equal opportunity policy of an organisation through
encouraging collaboration and meeting expecting quality life of all individuals. A positive
treatment at workplace of Tesco has made its workers more likely to feel a connection with
organisation and perform their work in a more effective way to complete a project that brings
dedication to promote and ensure equality at workplace. The equal opportunity policy is a base
of every organisation that facilitates a healthy and productive workplace where everyone feel
supported and valued for their work (AUGUSTUS, 2019). Fair treatment and treating everyone
with respect and providing a positive treatment is necessary to have an equal opportunity policy
in the organisation. An equal opportunity policy of Tesco includes providing fair chances and
same opportunities for hiring, advancement and benefits to everyone without any kind of
discrimination that can only be possible through having a positive treatment at workplace.
Further, according to the view point of Kundu, Bansal and Pruthi, 2019, it has been also
analysed that without having a positive treatment at workplace, proper execution and adoption of
equal opportunity policy is not possible as fair treatment is the first pillar and base of equality
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policy. Therefore, it can be evaluated that Positive treatment helps to improve the equal
opportunity policy of Tesco through building and leading a culture of fairness at the workplace
and within the overall organisation.
To examine the impact of equality on the workplace diversity of Tesco
As per the view point of Zach Lazzari, (2019), equality at workplace is mainly associated
with providing a business culture where no person or individuals experience a fear of
discrimination on basis of their gender, age, sex, race, etc. Thus, equality is directly related with
providing equal and fair job opportunity for all individuals through having an unbiased HR
practises and fair recruitment and selection process. Therefore, it can be evaluated that equality
at workplace of Tesco lead to a positive impact on the diversity level in the organisation through
yielding a same and equal chance of job and employment to all individuals who are coming from
diversified culture, background, etc (Hughes, 2019). The main reason behind promoting equality
and diversity at workplace of Tesco is related with the important role played by these concepts in
the success and effective growth of an organisation. Maintaining equality at workplace facilitates
better motivation in employees through a fair treatment and also yield equal growth opportunities
that enhance their performance. Beside this, equality in HR practises also facilitates diversity at
workplace and maintain an inclusive workforce that lead to more competitive strength and also
enhance creativity level of organisation.
Further, as per the opinion of Palumbo and Manna, 2019, a business can not grow and
prosper if all individuals have same thinking and interest thus, to have some creative and
innovative ides to grow and prosper a significant level of diversity is necessary that can only be
promoted through equality and fair treatment. The policy of equality in Tesco attracts a larger
number of workers from diversified culture, background and also from all age groups, gender,
sex, religion, etc. thus helpful in maintaining a significant level of diversity at workplace. Beside
this, equality also ensure a more inclusive workforce that is dedicated and committed towards
their work, therefore lead to enhancement in their efficiency and promote success of
organisation. Thus, it can be evaluated that the equality and fair HR practises and strategies lead
to a positive impact on workplace diversity of Tesco through providing fair job opportunity to all
individuals.
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RESERACH METHODOLOGY
It provide a set of tool, techniques and methods to accomplish a research work in more
effective manner and also ensure timely completion of research project and attainment of
research objectives.
Research Philosophy
It is basically an over arching term that is related with development of knowledge and
nature of that knowledge together with a belief about phenomenon that should be used to gather,
analysis and present data. Research philosophy is basically of two types a description of which is
provided below:
Positivism- This type of research philosophy is more focused and associated with
properly observing and predicting research findings and outcomes in a scientific way. Positivism
research philosophy provides a highly structured method for conducting research which is not
much effected by values and behaviour of researcher and its outcomes are also easily measurable
(Kamenou-Aigbekaen, 2019).
Interpretivism- This method of research philosophy facilitates a detained and rich insight
into the research topic through ensuring collection of subjective data that provide a better
generalisation gathered information.
For conducting this particular research Positivism philosophy has been used as it
facilitates a more scientific and structured method to predict and reach a specific conclusion
through providing an easily measurable outcomes and research findings.
Research approach
It mainly provides a representation of the plan and procedures that are used by researcher
to accomplish a research project (Nachmias, Caven and Kouki, 2019). It includes various steps
and strategies together with broad assumptions that lead to effective collection of data together
with its proper analysis and approach. The two types of research approach that are commonly
used in a research are as follows:
Deductive- The main focus and emphasis of this research is on testing pre determined
theory that includes selecting a suitable theory, developing hypotheses for selected theory and at
last, collecting and analysing data according to these hypotheses.
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Inductive- This research approach is mainly associated with generation of new theory
through providing a more logical and practical process. Under this research approach a set of
multiple assumptions are made and various beliefs are also their which are combined to reach or
draw a specific conclusion for research (Nadirshaw, 2019).
For the purpose of this research use of inductive approach is made as it provide a more
logical and practical set of process for conducting research in a more better and effective way.
Research method
Use of research method is made to achieve desired objectives and targets of research on
time through having a systematic plan. The two types of research methods that are commonly
used for research are as follows:
Qualitative research method- It is mainly associated with collection of theoretical data
that reflects the detailed and in-depth perspective of an individuals regarding a specific topic.
Thus, the theoretical data collected through this research method is difficult to present through
graphs, charts or table (Chang and Milkman, 2019). Use of in-depth interviews, focus group and
review of documents are made by a researcher in order to collect descriptive information.
Quantitative research method- Use of this research method is made by a researcher to
collect and gather information in numerical terms that can be sailorly presented in form of tables
and graphs to have better prediction about perspective and view of respondents. Use of this
method includes various techniques like Surveys, observations, questionnaire and structured
interviews to collect data in numeric terms (Nachmias and Caven, 2019).
For the current research project use of quantitative research method is made to collect
data in arithmetic and numeric form that can be easily converted into frequency table and chart
form to made easy conclusion and better understanding of data.
Sources of data
Basically there are two main sources of data i.e. primary and secondary. For this research
project use of both the sources of data are made to achieve the objectives of this research a
description of which is provided below:
Primary sources- Use of this sources is made collect an authentic and up to date data
directly form the respondents. Use of survey method together with an questionnaires is made to
collect data from primary source (Hennekam, Bacouel-Jentjens and Yang, 2019).
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Secondary sources- It represent the sources of data which is already exists in form of
past records and documents and used to provide support to the facts of primary data. Use of
various scholarly articles and online website is made to collect data from the secondary source
for this research project.
Sample process is associated with selecting a pre determined number of observation from
a large population to make a research work more cost effective and less time consuming (Wilson,
2019) . Use of random sampling method is made to select the sample size of 40 respondents from
stakeholders of Tesco that mainly includes its employees, mangers and directors in order to get
better understanding about the concept of equality and diversity.
Gantt chart
To meet the provided timelines and to ensure completion of each activity on time use of
Gantt chart is made. It is basically a project management tool that lead to clarity and
transparency in project through properly stating all the activities together with their time duration
thus, ensure timely completion of a research work (Joshua-Gojer, Allen and Huang, 2019).
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Research ethics
While conducting this research all the principles and ethics of research are properly met
and it has been also ensured that none of the research activity should harm or hurt any individual
or animal. Proper written consent and approval is also taken from respondents to ensue the
conduction of research in a most ethical way.
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETAION
This phase of research methodology is concern about analysing the collected data and
interpreting the same with the usage of suitable tools or procedure. However, in relation to this
research, researcher select 40 respondents from Tesco who are employing in company. Use of
random sampling method is made to select the sample size of 40 respondents from stakeholders
of Tesco that mainly includes its employees, mangers and directors in order to get better
understanding about the concept of equality and diversity. The stakeholder of an organisation is
basically a sum total of all the parties and individuals that are directly or indirectly get affected
by the strategies and policies of organisation and also have influence on decision making of
organisation. The stakeholders of Tesco includes its directors, clients, business partners,
customers, suppliers, employees and all other associated parties.
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In order to collect information from 40 Respondents from the employees and workforce
of Tesco use of following questionnaire is made which consists a set of question associated with
the research topic in order to get and gather opinion and view points of respondents on research
topic.
Questionnaire
Q1) Are you aware about the term equality and diversity?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) Do you think that managing equality and diversity is important for organisation?
a) Yes
b) No
Q3) What are the advantages which an establishment can acquire from maintaining
equality and diversity at workplace?
a) Promote innovation
b) Improve brand reputation
c) Build positive working relationship
Q4) Is positive treatment enable company to handle equality and diversity within business
function?
a) Agree
b) Disagree
Q5) What are the challenges that Tesco face while managing equality and diversity inside
functional unit?
a) Linguistic barrier
b) Generation Gaps
c) Resistance to change
Q6) What are the ways which Tesco imply to overcome the challenges of maintaining
equality and diversity within organisation?
a) Equal opportunity
b) Women's appraisal
c) Proper training
Q7) Does handling diverse workforce help organisation to gain cutting edge competitive
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advantage?
a) Yes
b) No
Q8) Provide suitable recommendation for Tesco in regard of promoting equality and
diversity at workplace?
Interpretation of collected data
To evaluate and analysis the data collected through questionnaire use of thematic
approach is made. A description about research findings and presentation of collected data is
provided below with the use of frequency table and pie charts.
Theme 1: Term equality and diversity
Q1) Are you aware about the term equality and diversity? Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 10
30
10
a) Yes
b) No
Interpretation
On the basis of above pie chart it can be analysed that 30 respondents are ware about the
term equality and diversity while 10 respondents are not having much information about these
concepts. Equality is associated with treating all individual fairly through removing all kind of
discrimination and harassment on the basis of gender, culture, sex, religion, etc (Hancock, 2020).
On the other hand diversity is associated with respecting all people and promoting an inclusive
culture to encourage and motivate all staff.
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Theme 2: Managing equality and diversity is important
Q2) Do you think that managing equality and diversity is
important for organisation?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 5
35
5
a) Yes
b) No
Interpretation
The above chart is reflecting that 35 respondents out of 40 are having a believe that
managing equality and diversity is important for an organisation as it facilitates fair treatment
and positive workplace environment that enhance productivity and creativity of an organisation
which is necessary for its success (Lambert, and et. al., 2019). Further, 5 respondents are also
their that disagreed with the fact that managing equality and diversity is important.
Theme 3: Advantages which an establishment can acquire from maintaining equality and
diversity
Q3) What are the advantages which an establishment can
acquire from maintaining equality and diversity at workplace?
Frequency
a) Promote innovation 20
b) Improve brand reputation 5
c) Build positive working relationship 15
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20
5
15
a) Promote innovation
b) Improve brand reputation
c) Build positive working rela-
tionship
Interpretation
As per the above stated diagram it can be interpreted that 20 individuals are having a
view point that maintaining equality and diversity at workplace through an establishment lead to
promotion of innovation while 5 responders are in support of improvement in brand reputation
through maintaining equality and diversity at workplace. Further, 15 respondents are having a
thinking that building positive working relationship is the biggest advantage which an
establishment can acquire from maintaining equality and diversity at workplace.
Theme 4: Positive treatment enable company to handle equality and diversity
Q4) Is positive treatment enable company to handle equality
and diversity within business function?
Frequency
a) Agree 30
b) Disagree 10
30
10
a) Agree
b) Disagree
Interpretation
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In respect of above pie chart, it can be analysed that 30 respondents are agreed with the
fact that positive treatment enable company to handle equality and diversity within business
function through having a policy of equality and fairness while 10 individuals disagree with this
statement.
Theme 5: Challenges faced by Tesco while managing equality and diversity inside
functional unit
Q5) What are the challenges that Tesco face while managing
equality and diversity inside functional unit?
Frequency
a) Linguistic barrier 10
b) Generation Gaps 25
c) Resistance to change 5
10
25
5
a) Linguistic barrier
b) Generation Gaps
c) Resistance to change
Interpretation
On the basis of above picture it can be interpreted that 10 respondents believes that
Linguistic barrier is the biggest challenge that is faced by Tesco while managing equality and
diversity inside functional unit where as 25 respondents have a view point generation gap among
the workforce is the biggest threat while managing equality and diversity. Beside this, 5
respondents are having a view that the nature of employees of having resistance to change is the
biggest issue that is faced by Tesco while managing equality and diversity inside functional unit .
Theme 6: Ways to overcome the challenges of maintaining equality and diversity
Q6) What are the ways which Tesco imply to overcome the
challenges of maintaining equality and diversity within
Frequency
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organisation?
a) Equal opportunity 30
b) Women's appraisal 5
c) Proper training 5
30
5
5
a) Equal opportunity
b) Women's appraisal
c) Proper training
Interpretation
The above drawn pie chart is reflecting view points of respondents on the ways that can
be adopted by Tesco to overcome the challenges of maintaining equality and diversity. It has
been analysed that 30 respondents believes that providing equal opportunity is the best way to
overcome the challenges of maintaining equality and diversity in organisation while 5 responders
are in support of Women's appraisal to remove the chances of gender discrimination. Beside this,
5 respondents are having a thinking that providing proper training is an effective way to
overcome the challenges of maintaining equality and diversity.
Theme 7: Handling diverse workforce help organisation to gain cutting edge competitive
advantage
Q7) Does handling diverse workforce help organisation to
gain cutting edge competitive advantage?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 5
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35
5
a) Yes
b) No
Interpretation
The above pie chart is clearly depicting that 35 respondents are agreed with the statement
that handling diverse workforce help organisation to gain cutting edge competitive advantage
through enhancing its creativity and innovation level while 5 respondents are not having this
perspective.
REFELCTION, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
Research findings and conclusion
After evaluation of collected data its has been concluded at maximum number of
respondents believes that managing equality and diversity is important for an organisation as it
facilitates better promotion of innovation, improvement in brand reputation and also build
positive working relationship. Beside this, it can also be evaluated that many challenges and
issues are also faced by an organisation while managing equality and diversity which includes
linguistic barrier, generation gaps and resistance to change. Beside this, different ways that can
be adopted by an organisation to overcome the challenges of maintaining equality and diversity
within organisation are also evaluated through this research which includes providing equal
opportunity, Women's appraisal and proper training.
Communication with stakeholders
For having effective communication with stakeholders regarding the research findings
use of online and digital modes of communication would be made that consists of social media
and official e-mails. The identified Stakeholders with whom the findings are shared would
include the directors, managers, customers, employees and other associated parties of Tesco who
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are affected by findings of current investigation on managing the equality and diversity at its
workplace.
Recommendations
On the basis of above research findings and conclusion following recommendations can
be made for Tesco to properly manage the equality and diversity at its workplace through
overcoming the various challenges:
 Tesco should provide timely cultural training to its employees to make them aware about
the pros and cons of equality and diversity and also facilitates respect for all culture and
religion that ensure proper management and development of equality and diversity at
workplace. Tesco can also overcome the issues of linguistic barrier and generation gap
through providing training about basic concepts of various culture to its employees.
 It is recommended for Tesco to provide equal opportunity and fair treatment to all
employees through adopting some unbiased HR practises and a more participative
management and leadership style to maintain equality and inclusive workforce.
 Beside this, timely and fair appraisal of women are also recommended for Tesco as it
lead to reduction in gender discrimination and pay inequality which is necessary to build
an environment of equality and diversity at workplace.
Reflection
The journey of this research project is very knowledgeable and helpful for me in
enhancing my information about the specific research topic. Beside this, use of various research
technology and methods are also made by me like quantitative research method that lead to
better practise and development of better knowledge. Further, collection of data through primary
source has enhanced and improved by communication skills through leading better interaction
with people. Beside this, preparation of Gantt chart has improved by time management skills and
other interpersonal skills. Many issues related with insufficient finance and time were also faced
by me during this research which were timely analysed and solved by me through use of my
analytical skills. Thus, overall this research work is very helpful for me and lead to overall
personality development and enhancement it my skills therefore, opened doors of better
opportunity and growth in future. Further, the only drawback that is faced by nee while
conducting that investigation is associated with lack of theoretical data and in-depth information.
Thus, for future work and further research consideration of qualitative method of research could
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also be made by me as I had learnt that it yield more in-depth and theoretical data regarding view
point of respondents. Thus, the current research project is vital and curial for me as it enhanced
my overall research and managerial skills that yield support and more effectiveness for my future
work.
Conclusion
This has been concluded from the above discussed report equality and diversity plays a
vital role in accomplishing pre determined organisational goal or objective in an trenchant
manner. Along with this, it also empower company to provide equal opportunity to employees
and also assist them to build long lasting relationship that lead them to promote innovation and
development in an impressive style without any hindrances. Furthermore, positive treatment and
attitude of employers enable them to obtain increased level of personnel motivation or
satisfaction towards company in a amended mode. Moreover, by applying different research
methodologies help investigator to produce valid and authentic report in a stipulated time limit
in an improved manner.
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Lazzari. Z., 2019,.Definition of Equality in the Workplace. [Online]. Available Through:
<https://smallbusiness.chron.com/definition-equality-workplace-14653.html>
Frost. S., 2020,. Positive Cultures in Companies. [Online]. Available Through:
<https://smallbusiness.chron.com/positive-cultures-companies-11820.html>
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