Effective Care for Children with Common Cold

This assignment provides an overview of the common cold in children, including its causes, symptoms, and treatment options. Parents can gain knowledge related to providing effective care to children which will be helpful in avoiding cold and other health issues again. The assignment also highlights research gaps in the philosophy of evidence-based medicine and the importance of qualitative inquiry and research design in consumer research.

Research proposal

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
Background of study...................................................................................................................1
Research questions: -...................................................................................................................1
Problem statement ......................................................................................................................2
LITERATURE REVIEW ...............................................................................................................2
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY...........................................................................3
Introduction ................................................................................................................................3
Research design...........................................................................................................................4
Type of study...............................................................................................................................4
Study population/sampling..........................................................................................................4
Instrument to be used..................................................................................................................4
Data collection............................................................................................................................5
Data analysis...............................................................................................................................5
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION.......................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................6
REFERENCE ..................................................................................................................................7

Title- To identify the risks of At- Home management of Cold in children and role of nurses in
creating awareness in the caregivers for its avoidance.
INTRODUCTION
Background of study
The common cold is known as simply a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper
respiratory tract which primarily affect the nose. The throat, sinuses and larynx can be also
affected. Further, sign and symptoms lead to appear from less than two days after experience of
the virus. An individual used to recover within seven to ten days but sometimes it leads to take
more than 2 to 3 weeks. Furthermore, people with other health problem can develop pneumonia.
At the time of cold, children suffer from coughing, running nose, headache, sore throat and fever
(Cold in children, 2018). Mostly people used to take treatment at home when they suffer from
common cold. However, if cold symptoms are lower than treatment at home can be provided
such as to stay hydrate, rest for longer time, soothe a sore throat and salt gargles etc. ( Allan and
Arroll, 2014). On the other side if symptoms are high then home treatment can create risk on the
health of children’s.
The present research is based on identifying the risks of At- Home management of Cold
in children and role of nurses in creating awareness in the caregivers for its avoidance. This
research will provide a deep understanding related to the cold treatment at home. Along with
this, role of nurses in order to provide care to caregivers for its avoidance. Common cold is
known as self-limited transmissible disease which can be caused by viruses (Karsch-Völk,
Barrett and Linde, 2015). Further, the present investigation will gain information related to the
side effects of different types of treatment provided by caregivers at home to children. Nurses
used to play significant role in creating awareness in the caregivers related to the way they can
treat children and others who are suffering from cold. Most of the time caregivers do not know
about the way treatment can be provided to patient who are suffering from cold. Due to this
reason they may provide wrong medication due to which risk can be occurred.
Research questions: -
 What are the common types of risk are associated with providing home care to children?
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 Why is the role of nurses important in providing care to children?
Problem statement
The study problem is important because most of the caregivers provide treatment at home
without knowing the proper detail about the medications which are required to be provided to
patients. There are few people who are susceptible to the common cold as compared to others
including older adults, smokers, children with weak immune system, children under 6.
Therefore, providing treatment to these peoples at home can be risky because of complications
such as acute bronchitis, pneumonia etc. There are different types of cold and its cause some
impact on health of children. Hence, providing treatment at home without consulting doctor can
become quite tough for them. Nurses lead to play significant role in health and social care. They
can properly guide to caregivers related to the way of providing treatment to patient. The current
study will focus on role of nurses and risk which can be avoided while providing treatment to
patient at home.
LITERATURE REVIEW
According to the view of Simasek and Blandino, (2007) the common cold can cause
because of virus that infect the nose, throat and sinuses. It is most common in winter and indoor
when children are in close contact with each other. In young children immune system is not
stronger or built up for defences different types of cold viruses that exists Due to this reason they
suffer 8- 10 times in a year. Mostly parents or caregivers used to provide treatment of cold at
home as because it is common diseases which can occur in an individual. Karsch-Völk, Barrett
and Linde, (2015) stated that cold can be easily treated at home through natural home remedies
or common cold medication. In contrary Leeper, Yazer and Gaines, (2018) argued that providing
treatment at home to children sometimes can become risky. It is because cold is of different
types and can cause side effect if wrong medication is provided to children because of their weak
immune system. Cold medications are of different types and among them some are of high
dosage. Therefore, providing those medicines to children at home adversely affect their health.
However, most of the healthcare professional avoid cold medication in children who are below
age of two years. Hamilton, Milner and Wilkinson, (2015) argued that few children with viral
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cold symptoms lead to develop wheezing. Though, low dose corticosteroids are ineffective
within these children. Hence, it shows that there is various reason due to which healthcare
professional avoid preferring home treatment of cold among children’s.
As per Allan and Arroll, (2014) it is stated that nurses play significant role for creating
awareness among caregivers related to avoiding risk. Nurses knows the way of treating children
when they are suffering from cold. Along with this, proper precaution should be taken in order to
avoid chances of suffering from cold. Nurses role is to advised caregivers about increasing a
child’s fluid intake. In a study conducted by Ballengee and Turner, 2014 in few cases series and
a prevalence study there are few children with respiratory infections but no sign related to
dehydration developed hyponatremia with increase fluids. Due to this reason extra fluid intake is
not advised to children because of potential harm. Nurses can provide large amount of
information related to the prevention of cold among children to caregivers
Analyse the strength and weakness of the studies
The selected studies are based on different types of cold treatment which are provided at
home to children. These are highly reliable and valid as because they are published in recent
years. However, some weakness of the studies is that they primary research is not conducted due
to which specific information related to the main problem was not identified.
Conclusion
From this it is concluded that mostly children suffer from cold. There are different types
of viruses through which cold can occur. It is important for care professionals to identify it so
that medication can be given accordingly.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
Introduction
Research methodology is known as one of the important parts which help in carrying out
investigation in a right direction. There are various types of tools and techniques that can be used
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by scholar in order to collect and analyse the information. Here below are provided following
tools and techniques which help scholar to carry out present research in a systematic manner.
Research design
The plan that help scholar to answer the research questions of the study is known as
research design. There are three different types of research design that can be used by scholar
that are descriptive, exploratory, explanatory (Edson, Henning and Sankaran, 2016). For the
present research descriptive research design will be selected by scholar. Reason for selecting this
research design is that it will help in covering population
Type of study
For the present research qualitative investigation is carried out that help in undertaking
entire theoretical framework. It is considered as one of the effective techniques that is used to
uncover trends in opinions of the problem (Creswell and Poth, 2017).
Study population/sampling
There are two significant type of sampling method which can be used by scholar that are
probabilistic and non-probabilistic. For the present research probabilistic method will be used by
researcher.
 Sample size
Here, questions will be asked from 20 caregivers who used to provide care to children at
home. Reason for selecting caregivers is that they used to provide treatment to patient mostly at
home. Along with this, they know issues which can be faced by children through delivering
wrong medicine at home. However, 20 sample size is considered because it is neither low nor
high and appropriate for collecting enough information to reach the valid outcome.
 Sampling strategy
Under random sampling method will be considered by the scholar in which each
participant will be provided equal chances to get selected for survey.
 Any bias
In random sampling method chances of biasness can be avoided as because each
participant is selected randomly.
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Instrument to be used
 Instrument to collect the data
A survey instrument is called as the tool for consistently implementing a scientific protocol of
collecting information from different respondents. In this study questionnaire will be used to
collect data. A survey instruments include questionnaire method which assist in addressing
objectives of the present study (Winit‐Watjana, 2016). There are two most common type of
questionnaire method which can be used that are open ended and close ended.
 Reliability and validity of instrument
Survey data collection instrument is highly reliable and valid. It assists in analysing the
responses for a particular question. The information provided by respondents are highly reliable
and assist in gaining valid outcome of the research.
Data collection
Data collection is considered as an important part of the research in which information is
collected from different sources for making a research highly valid and reliable. There are two
important method of data collection which can be considered by scholar that are primary and
secondary (Mebius, Kennedy and Howick, 2016). For the present research primary method will
be used in which information will be collected through survey. On the other side, secondary
information will be collected from books, journals and articles. Reason for selecting primary
research is to collect new and fresh information related to the selected topic which will help in
making research effective and efficient.
Data analysis
Once all the information is collected, it is important to analyse with the use of appropriate
tools and techniques. Through analysing the information, it will become easy to gain valid
outcome from raw data. There are two techniques through which data can be analysed in an
effective manner these are qualitative and quantitative. For the present research qualitative
method will be used by scholar. In this method different themes will be prepared by the scholar
based on the results. Along with this to present the information in systematic manner different
charts and graphs will be prepared by the scholar (Bailly and Comino, 2017).
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ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
Ethical consideration leads to form major elements in research. For scholar it is important
to follow some rules and regulations while imparting authentic knowledge, truth and preventing
error. Few ethics which are required to be undertaken while carrying out research are as follows:
All the personal information provided by respondents are required to be kept confidential
and only one person should be authorised to use it. Along with this, all information should be
destroyed after use so that chances of misuse can be avoided (Wright, Wahoush and Jack,
2016). Participants should participate on the basis of informed consent. In the principal of
informed consent, it states that investigator delivering sufficient information and guarantee about
taking part and understand reason for conducting research (Kerr, Eckert and Wandwabwa, 2016).
No participant should be forced to take part in the survey and reason for conducting survey
should be specific.
CONCLUSION
There are some limitations in present study due to which researcher can face difficulty in
conducting research in an effective manner. Few limitations which can be faced by scholar are
related to time and cost. Due to limitation of time it becomes difficult to carry out investigation
in detailed. In order to overcome this limitation, it is important to complete each activity on time.
Furthermore, due to high cost it becomes tough to use advanced tools and techniques by scholar.
Apart from this, the present study has put potential impact on parents and caregivers so that they
can provide effective treatment to patients. Furthermore, parents can gain knowledge related to
providing effective care to children which will be helpful in avoiding cold and other health issues
again.
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REFERENCE
Books and Journals
Allan, G.M. and Arroll, B., 2014. Prevention and treatment of the common cold: making sense of
the evidence. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 186(3). pp.190-199.
Bailly, A. and Comino, L., 2017. Using Pragmatist Philosophy in Consumer Research:
Influences and Prospects. In Marketing at the Confluence between Entertainment and
Analytics (pp. 729-734). Springer, Cham.
Ballengee, C.R. and Turner, R.B., 2014. Supportive treatment for children with the common
cold. Current opinion in pediatrics. 26(1). pp.114-118.
Creswell, J. W. and Poth, C. N., 2017. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among
five approaches. Sage publications.
Edson, M. C., Henning, P. B. and Sankaran, S. eds., 2016. A guide to systems research:
Philosophy, processes and practice (Vol. 10). Springer.
Hamilton, I., Milner, J. and Wilkinson, P., 2015. Health effects of home energy efficiency
interventions in England: a modelling study. BMJ open. 5(4). pp.e007298.
Karsch-Völk, M., Barrett, B. and Linde, K., 2015. Echinacea for preventing and treating the
common cold. Jama. 313(6). pp.618-619.
Kerr, R., Eckert, L. O., and Wandwabwa, J., 2016. Postpartum haemorrhage: Case definition and
guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety
data.Vaccine. 34(49). pp.6102
Leeper, C.M., and et.al., 2018. Use of Uncrossmatched Cold-Stored Whole Blood in Injured
Children With Hemorrhagic Shock. JAMA pediatrics. 172(5). pp.491-492.
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Mebius, A., Kennedy, A. G. and Howick, J., 2016. Research gaps in the philosophy of evidence‐
based medicine. Philosophy Compass. 11(11). pp.757-771.
Simasek, M. and Blandino, D.A., 2007. Treatment of the common cold. American family
physician. 75(4).
Winit‐Watjana, W., 2016. Research philosophy in pharmacy practice: necessity and relevance.
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice. 24(6). pp.428-436.
Wright, A. L., Wahoush, O., and Jack, S. M., 2016. Qualitative Health Research Involving
Indigenous Peoples: Culturally Appropriate Data Collection Methods. The Qualitative Report.
21(12). pp.2230.
Online
Cold in children, 2018. [online] Available through:
<https://www.caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/colds_in_children>
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