Use of AI in healthcare industry - Research Proposal

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This research proposal discusses the use of AI in healthcare industry, its benefits, vulnerabilities, and mitigation strategies. It addresses the research problems, questions, objectives, methodology, and timeline.

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Running head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Research Proposal
Topic: Use of AI in healthcare industry
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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1RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Abstract
Utilisation of artificial intelligence in healthcare industry has been found to be transforming
the way by which the traditional format of serving people in healthcare industry was being
formulated. It has been found that the traditional format of the healthcare industries by falling
short of providing the people with analysis of the medical data. This is why the algorithms
and the software complexity of artificial intelligence Technology was thought for providing
help to the healthcare industry as well. The solution to the healthcare industry issues in in
addressing as much as patient is possible with effective amount of analysis of the healthcare
data was an additional benefit that the artificial intelligence Technology provided to the
healthcare industry. However, along with that, there were several other factors that affecting
the effectivity of the artificial intelligence technology in healthcare industry. This comprised
of the proper foundation of analysis of the healthcare data and the personal information of the
patients. The problem with the information system was still causing an effect for the proper
analysis of the healthcare data and the information system vulnerability. Before this research
is addressing all the issues that healthcare industry is facing because of the artificial
intelligence input. Following would be a detailed discussion about what are the benefits and
the disadvantages that artificial intelligence has been posing on to the healthcare industry
with their former table mitigation strategies that organisation has been utilising to curb all the
issues identified.
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2RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
Literature Review...................................................................................................................3
Research problems.................................................................................................................5
Research questions.............................................................................................................6
Research objectives................................................................................................................7
Methodology..........................................................................................................................7
Timeline of the research.........................................................................................................8
Data Analysis.......................................................................................................................11
Conclusion................................................................................................................................14
References................................................................................................................................16
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3RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Introduction
The utilization of the artificial intelligence in healthcare has been found to be the
transforming the traditional ways by which the healthcare industry has been facilitating the
services to their customers (Kumari et al. 2018). Mostly, the customers in the healthcare
services are the ones which use the services for the betterment of their health situations.
Artificial Intelligence or AI has been transforming healthcare and also has been making sure
that the sophistication associated with the human interpretation of the healthcare services (He
et al. 2019). Simply putting it, the ways by which the entire analysis of the healthcare
facilities are driven by the human application of the services also ensure that the efficiency is
increased, the human input is decreased and also the everyday activity of the healthcare
facilities are made to serve the people in a much faster and economic way (Badri, Boudreau-
Trudel and Souissi 2018). Understanding all these factors, the healthcare has been utilizing
AI systems since the time of the technological advancements have been providing the
benefits. This is why, the utilization of AI in the healthcare industry would be researched
about in this section to identify how the transformation has been occurring and how the
technology would be researched. The research procedure would be focused on the
transformation of the healthcare industry with the considering several aspects of the AI
utilization. The research procedure would be comprised of the overview of the research, the
research problems, the research objectives, and the background of the research, the
methodologies and the analysis of the collected data as per the research.
Literature Review
According to Jothi and Husain (2015), artificial Intelligence, has been providing the
facilities about its complex algorithms and the software structure such that the emulated
human cognition is used for the analysis of all the health conditions in the human beings.

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4RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Healthcare Industry, on the other hand, has been serving the people over a long period of time
and have been using the facilities available at the behest by making the services be available
for all the types of people associated with seeking services from the industry. It might be
another complex situation to understand on how the human representation of the services
provided to any patient can be conducted by an Artificial Intelligence technology set up.
There are several other authors that have pointed out the issues and vulnerabilities of the
technology as per the conducted researches.
Issues regarding the traditional form of treatment in healthcare
According to Mak and Pichika (2018), the understanding and addressing of issues of
traditional form of treatment by healthcare facilities is done as the use of the special factors
by which the technology can analyse the healthcare information of any person. The simple
way to analyse this contains the collection of the medical data of any person with the
utilization of the AI technology, which is then analysed accordingly with the algorithms and
several other software integrated procedures for the same. Understanding how the AI data
analysis has the ability to transform the traditional ways by which the medical and healthcare
services provided benefits to the people, it is easier to understand that the technology is not
only capable of reducing the human efforts, but also presents the factual results by analysing
the medical data of a person (Tang et al. 2016). This is where the medical and the healthcare
services are facilitated by the AI involvement as the probability of human errors are reduced
to negligible amount.
According to Bhardwaj, Nambiar and Dutta (2017), the facilities provide endless
possibility of serving the people all around the world and also identifying the proper results
about analysing the medical data through the proper setup of the health-related AI
applications. The analysing activity of the AI facilities in this regard would be for the finding
out of the differences between the prevention of the patient outcomes and the treatment
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5RESEARCH PROPOSAL
provided. This is why, it is important to find out how the transformation of the human lives
are generated in case of the Healthcare Industry and how would the diagnosis procedure be
facilitated. The research would also find out if there are any discrepancy of the AI utilization
in the healthcare industry to be analysed and how can it affect the facility or the benefits
provided by the entire system for the betterment of the human health and the healthcare
services.
The security vulnerability of healthcare or medical data of patients
According to Hengstler, Enkel and Duelli (2016), security vulnerabilities are
essentially affecting the human treatment facilities in healthcare. It has been found that the
people have been utilising different way of finding out the medical data with the utilisation of
artificial intelligence enabled devices for healthcare check-up as well. However many e
healthcare industry has already analysed the fact that the different ways by which these
devices work have also resulted in asking for the personal details of a patient. The personal
details of a patient contains several information that should not be shared and is absolutely
confidential to the hospital for the healthcare institute. The vulnerability that might is about
the functional problems regarding the healthcare facility and the artificial intelligence enabled
devices that might not function well and for the result into data vulnerability affecting the
personal information of the people who are admitted to the healthcare facilities as patients.
This is one of the primary problems that the healthcare facilities are facing right now due to
the input of artificial intelligence enabled devices. The authors have clarified that presence of
this vulnerability is notified and acknowledged in the healthcare industry and specific
measures are being taken so that these vulnerabilities can be addressed and mitigated at the
same time.
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6RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Research problems
Artificial Intelligence and its benefits have been providing the human lives and the
healthcare industry with all the possible benefits that can be ever implemented. It has made
sure that the input of the human efforts is reduced, the efficiency is increased and at the same
time the human effort reduction results to the facilitation of the lowering of the cost for the
healthcare industry (Hall and Pesenti 2017).
Now the problem that is instigated from this particular service is that the AI
technology devices makes the use of the medical data with the help of several devices and the
ideation of the contact and personal information of the patients as well. The cyber world is
aware of the data security issues that are alarming the organizations at every instance
(Hengstler, Enkel and Duelli 2016). However, there still have been numerous reports about
the organizational facilities that are hampered due to the information security issues. The
medical and personal data that is recorded in such a random manner for the patients might be
vulnerable to the cyber world given the impact of the AI facilities being utilized (Lee et al.
2018). Therefore, the problem that the research is trying to address is about the information
and data management issue, the vulnerability of the patient health data and how can it be
further addressed to be mitigated including what facilities and strategies have been used by
the organizations to analyse the vulnerability of patient health data using the possible
mitigating strategies.
Research questions
The research problems give rise to the research questions as it has been mentioned in
details as follows:
How does the AI technology provide services or benefits to the healthcare
industry?

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7RESEARCH PROPOSAL
How the people in the healthcare services see or perceive the healthcare
facilities to be acting for the healthcare industry?
How does the AI technology devices used for the facilitation of the data
analysis techniques for the benefit of the human lives?
How the AI technology services use the issues regarding the vulnerability of
the management of the medical data?
How does the ability of the services and the techniques provided by the
management of the healthcare data have the impact of the data vulnerability
for the healthcare or medical data?
Research objectives
The research objectives that are being addressed in this particular research or study
about the use of AI in the healthcare industry can be discussed as below:
To analyse how the AI technology has been provided the services to the
healthcare industry.
To find out the different perspectives about the healthcare services be
facilitated by the AI technology in a healthcare industry.
To find out how the AI technology facilitated devices are being used for the
analysis and collection of the medical data of the patients.
To find out how the services are being used to strategize the handling of the
data and the storage of data against the data vulnerability issues.
To find out how drastic can the medical heath data hacking can be for both the
patients and the reputation of the healthcare industry.
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8RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Methodology
The research methodology in this regard would follow the likes of the facilities of the
proper analysis of the collected information through the theoretical procedures as provided by
the research methods. There would be two specific research methods synchronized for the
proper ideation of the provision of the research information. The primary idea behind the
research procedure is to make sure that the data collected through the sources are genuine and
provide the information as per the requirements of the research. This is why, the research
would look forward to the mixed research method for the collection of data that would
comprise of both the qualitative and the quantitative method of data collection (Morse 2016).
The possibility or the scope of using both the services would comprise of the data available
for the literature review, where previous authors have already provided information by
researching about the topic and the primary data from the healthcare personnel. The
methodology would follow the mixed method for both qualitative and quantitative analysis.
The qualitative analysis would be done to find out the utilisation of artificial intelligence and
their advantages and disadvantages over the healthcare industry through the resources
available from the secondary sources. The secondary sources would comprise of the previous
researches done on the artificial intelligence utilisation in healthcare industry by different
authors. This will figure out the base of the research procedure as the questionnaire would be
prepared based on the findings of the literature review. The literature review would be the
secondary research sources for the qualitative data collection.
For the primary data collection done through the quantitative sources, the
questionnaires prepared from the qualitative analysis would be presented to the people who
are serving for the healthcare industries to the different kinds of patients utilising the artificial
intelligence techniques (McCusker and Gunaydin 2015). They would be selected as per their
own will and would not be coaxed in to the participation. After their own will, they would be
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9RESEARCH PROPOSAL
selected for placing the participation on the questionnaires as per the perspective towards the
AI utilisation in the healthcare departments.
Timeline of the research
Following would be the timeline of the research as per the planning has been done for
the research to be conducted:
Task Mode Task Name Duratio
n Start Finish Predecessors
Auto
Scheduled Research Planning Phase 5 days Thu 03-10-
19
Wed 09-
10-19
Auto
Scheduled Planning for the research 2 days Thu 03-10-
19
Fri 04-10-
19
Auto
Scheduled
Evaluating the research
resources 3 days Mon 07-10-
19
Wed 09-
10-19 2
Auto
Scheduled
Discussing with the supervisor
about the research plan 0 days Wed 09-10-
19
Wed 09-
10-19 3
Auto
Scheduled Literature Review 9 days Thu 10-10-
19
Tue 22-10-
19
Auto
Scheduled Analysing the resources 3 days Thu 10-10-
19
Mon 14-
10-19 4
Auto
Scheduled Analysing the findings 4 days Tue 15-10-
19
Fri 18-10-
19 6
Auto
Scheduled
Conducting the Literature
review 2 days Mon 21-10-
19
Tue 22-10-
19 7
Auto
Scheduled
Producing the Literature
Review to the supervisor 0 days Tue 22-10-
19
Tue 22-10-
19 8

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10RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Auto
Scheduled
Designing the Research
Methodology 11 days Wed 23-10-
19
Wed 06-
11-19
Auto
Scheduled Finalizing the research protocol 3 days Wed 23-10-
19
Fri 25-10-
19 9
Auto
Scheduled Collecting the data 2 days Mon 28-10-
19
Tue 29-10-
19 11
Auto
Scheduled Data Analysis phase 1 day Wed 30-10-
19
Wed 30-
10-19 12
Auto
Scheduled
Finalising the results of the
analysis 2 days Thu 31-10-
19
Fri 01-11-
19 13
Auto
Scheduled Research Completion Phase 3 days Mon 04-11-
19
Wed 06-
11-19
Auto
Scheduled Finding out the conclusion 2 days Mon 04-11-
19
Tue 05-11-
19 14
Auto
Scheduled
Finding out the scope of
future research 1 day Wed 06-11-
19
Wed 06-
11-19 16
Auto
Scheduled
Presenting the research
proposal 0 days Wed 06-11-
19
Wed 06-
11-19 17
Table 1: Timeline of the Research
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11RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Data Analysis
Following would be the analysis of the data that has been found through the input of
the survey questionnaire as per the implemented research methods:
1. Are you aware of the AI implementation in the healthcare industry?
Options
Frequen
cy
Percenta
ge
Strongly
Disagree 1 2%
Disagree 6 12%
Neutral 4 8%
Agree 17 34%
Strongly Agree 22 44%
Table 2: Question 1
Figure 1: Question 1
With this frequency analysis, it is evident that the people in the healthcare industry are
aware of the facilities that are instigated by the AI implementation in the healthcare industry.
They are aware of the fact that the industry has been transforming and implementation is
becoming one of the most significant aspect of serving the people all around the world who
seek services from healthcare industry. Understanding the basic facilities it is evident that the
people also utilise the artificial intelligence Technology to serve the people.
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12RESEARCH PROPOSAL
2. Do you believe that the AI implementation in the healthcare industry would facilitate
the services provided to the patients?
Options
Frequen
cy
Percenta
ge
Strongly
Disagree 1 2%
Disagree 6 12%
Neutral 4 8%
Agree 17 34%
Strongly Agree 22 44%
Table 3: Question 2
Figure 2: Question 2
To this particular question most of the people have answered that they strongly agree
to the factor that the benefits of the artificial intelligence implementation would be available
not just to the healthcare industry but also to the people who are seeking the healthcare
services from the industry. They are aware of all the benefits that health care services provide
and they would like to implement them for reducing the human effort and clarifying
effectivity in the healthcare industry for serving the patients in a better way.

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13RESEARCH PROPOSAL
3. Do you follow data security strategies standardized by the organization?
Options
Frequen
cy
Percenta
ge
Strongly
Disagree 4 8%
Disagree 18 36%
Neutral 10 20%
Agree 5 10%
Strongly Agree 13 26%
Table 4: Question 3
Figure 3: Question 3
With the primary data analysis of this question it is evident that the organisation that
have been utilising the data management strategies for healthcare data is not standardized and
there are several other ways of finding out management strategies for the information security
of the patient healthcare data that the organisation has not been following.
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14RESEARCH PROPOSAL
4. Are there any data vulnerability issue noticed in the organization?
Options
Frequen
cy
Percenta
ge
Strongly
Disagree 7 14%
Disagree 12 24%
Neutral 8 16%
Agree 18 36%
Strongly Agree 5 10%
Table 5: Question 4
Figure 4: Question 4
The answer to this question found out that the data vulnerability was not noticed
within the organisation and all the information that were provided to the artificial intelligence
system when not following the proper policies for management of information security.
Conclusion
Therefore in conclusion it can be said that according to the research that has been
conducted, it is evident that the artificial intelligence system has been providing several
benefits to the healthcare industry regarding the proper analysis and effectivity of finding out
the problem and issues in an individual regarding the healthcare data. However it is not
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15RESEARCH PROPOSAL
essentially mentioned how the different ways by which organisation has been strategizing
their information security system is working out. They have been several cases where the
data vulnerability has resulted in the loss of reputation for the healthcare industry. This is
why it is important to find out what are the features by which the standardized healthcare data
security can be enabled for an organisation to maintain complete security for management of
the healthcare data. Providing benefits to the organisation is essentially required, but it is not
effective if the data that is analysed perfectly is facing some vulnerability because of the
advanced technology. This is why the research will put forward the effectivity of finding out
the data vulnerability in healthcare industry due to the use of artificial intelligence systems.

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16RESEARCH PROPOSAL
References
Badri, A., Boudreau-Trudel, B. and Souissi, A.S., 2018. Occupational health and safety in the
industry 4.0 era: A cause for major concern?. Safety Science, 109, pp.403-411.
Bhardwaj, R., Nambiar, A.R. and Dutta, D., 2017, July. A study of machine learning in
healthcare. In 2017 IEEE 41st Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference
(COMPSAC) (Vol. 2, pp. 236-241). IEEE.
Hall, W. and Pesenti, J., 2017. Growing the artificial intelligence industry in the
UK. Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport and Department for Business, Energy
& Industrial Strategy. Part of the Industrial Strategy UK and the Commonwealth.
He, J., Baxter, S.L., Xu, J., Xu, J., Zhou, X. and Zhang, K., 2019. The practical
implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in medicine. Nature medicine, 25(1),
p.30.
Hengstler, M., Enkel, E. and Duelli, S., 2016. Applied artificial intelligence and trust—The
case of autonomous vehicles and medical assistance devices. Technological Forecasting and
Social Change, 105, pp.105-120.
Hengstler, M., Enkel, E. and Duelli, S., 2016. Applied artificial intelligence and trust—The
case of autonomous vehicles and medical assistance devices. Technological Forecasting and
Social Change, 105, pp.105-120.
Jothi, N. and Husain, W., 2015. Data mining in healthcare–a review. Procedia Computer
Science, 72, pp.306-313.
Kumari, A., Tanwar, S., Tyagi, S. and Kumar, N., 2018. Fog computing for Healthcare 4.0
environment: Opportunities and challenges. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 72, pp.1-
13.
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Lee, J., Davari, H., Singh, J. and Pandhare, V., 2018. Industrial Artificial Intelligence for
industry 4.0-based manufacturing systems. Manufacturing letters, 18, pp.20-23.
Mak, K.K. and Pichika, M.R., 2018. Artificial intelligence in drug development: present
status and future prospects. Drug discovery today.
McCusker, K. and Gunaydin, S., 2015. Research using qualitative, quantitative or mixed
methods and choice based on the research. Perfusion, 30(7), pp.537-542.
Morse, J.M., 2016. Mixed method design: Principles and procedures. Routledge.
Tang, V., Cheng, S.W., Choy, K.L., Siu, P.K., Ho, G.T. and Lam, H.Y., 2016, July. An
intelligent medical replenishment system for managing the medical resources in the
healthcare industry. In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-
IEEE) (pp. 154-161). IEEE.
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