Internet of Things in Education

This assignment delves into the transformative impact of the Internet of Things (IoT) in education. It examines how connecting classrooms with IoT devices can benefit both students and teachers, exploring various aspects such as learning approaches, internet usage for educational purposes, and the security concerns associated with IoT implementation in academic settings. The assignment also considers the potential future implications of IoT integration within the educational landscape.

Running head: IoT IN EDUCATION
Internet of Things (IoT) in Education
<Student Name>
<Student Number>
A report submitted for
Master Project 1
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
<For example, Master of Engineering>
Supervisor: <XXX>
School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics
<Month Year>

iIoT IN EDUCATION
ABSTRACT
The research report is based on IoT into education. IoT into Education permits the
schools to develop their school campus, education system, keep track of the education
resources and enhancement of access to the educational information. The benefits of IoT
in schools are tracking of school buses, monitoring of security system, attendance,
student ID cards and others. It helps to uphold simplicity into the education processes and
maintain a quality into services. IoT education system can recognize the problem areas
where the students tend to create mistakes by evaluating the study records of the students.
When the teachers provide the teaching documents in the internet, the students can access
the data from their classroom and home both. Personal data are required to treat
differentially; therefore the privacy of individual is also respected. Security ensures for
data integrity and therefore there should be safeguard of data transmission as it travels
from decentralized location throughout devices across the internal networks and from the
cloud. Some of the identified problems and issues exist into higher education are
overcrowded school, lack of innovation from the teachers, lack of involvement from the
parents and technology becomes synonymous with the entertainment. The concept of
service and deployment model is discussed to provide an overview of the proposed
adoption of cloud framework which allows the students to interact of physical objects in
surroundings.

iiIoT IN EDUCATION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Conducting this research has been one of the most enriching experiences of my life. The
contribution of this research to enhance my knowledge base and analytical skill has been
paramount. It gave me the opportunity to face challenges in the process and overcome
them. This would not have been possible without the valuable guidance of my professors,
peers and all the people who have contributed to this enriching experience. I would like
to take this opportunity to thank my supervisor ----------------------- for the constant
guidance and support provided to me during the process of this research. It would not be
justified if I did not thank my academic guides for their important and valuable assistance
and encouragement throughout the research process. I would also like to thank my friends
who had provided me with help and encouragement for collecting data and valuable
resources. Finally, I would like to thank the students who have participated in the
research survey and provided with valuable inputs into the subject. The support of all
these people has been inspiring and enlightening throughout the process of research in the
subject.
Yours Sincerely,

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter Page
ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................i
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...................................................................................................ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS...................................................................................................iii
LIST OF TABLES..............................................................................................................iv
LIST OF FIGURES.............................................................................................................v
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION........................................................................................1
1.1 Background of the research.......................................................................................1
1.2 Aims and objectives...................................................................................................4
1.3 Research questions.....................................................................................................5
CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW............................................................................6
2.1 Introduction................................................................................................................6
2.2 Key Factors to Consider For Successful Implementation of IoT in Education.........6
2.3 Problems and Issues that Exist in Higher Education can be solved through IoT......8
2.4 Barriers and Challenges Need to Address in IoT....................................................10
2.4.1 Current Trends in IoT Education......................................................................11
2.4.2 Future of IoT in Education...............................................................................13
2.5 Summary..................................................................................................................13
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY...................................................................................15
3.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................15
3.2 Cloud computing/ IoT models.................................................................................15
3.3 Research approach...................................................................................................17
3.4 Data collection procedure........................................................................................18
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH PLAN AND TIMELINE....................................................20
4.1 Research Plan...........................................................................................................20
4.2 Propose of a system which allows the students to interact with physical objects in
surroundings..................................................................................................................20
4.3 Timeline of the research plan..................................................................................22
CHAPTER V: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION..............................................................23
CHAPTER VI: SUMMARY.............................................................................................27
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................29
Appendix A: FEEDBACK FORM....................................................................................36

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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Activities into the research study........................................................................20
Table 2: Timeline of research plan....................................................................................22

vIoT IN EDUCATION
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1: IoT Network......................................................................................................2
Figure 2.1: Current trends in IoT Education......................................................................12
Figure 3.1: Service and Deployment Model......................................................................16

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CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the research
Internet of Things (IoT) is a connection of devices such as computers as well as
smartphones with the internet which is a process to transform various areas of everyday
life of people. Rapid computer plus development of communication technologies
influenced the education processes in current decades. Education is one of the most
important applications of IoT, which is discussed in this particular paper. Nie (2013)
stated that as IoT is used in the schools, therefore e-learning becomes a general practice
within the school system. Due to the rise of the mobile technologies and also IoT, it
permits the schools to develop their school campus, education system, tracking of the
resources of education and enhancement for accessing towards the educational
information (Augur, 2015). The education professionals are used of advanced technology
in order to generate of smart lessons plan. Hurst et al., (2017) argued that within the
college, students are moved from the paper books towards the use of tablets as well as
laptops. They get required education-related information at the fingerprints.
Mavroudi et al., (2017) mentioned that IoT education system provides a good
quality of online courses to the students who are accessible from anyplace and anytime.
Out of the classroom, the universities are used of connected devices to supervise the
students, teaching staffs, educational resources and equipment at a lesser operating cost
(Ahlmeyer & Chircu, 2016). The benefits of IoT in schools are tracking of school buses,
monitoring of security system, attendance, student ID cards and others. Automatic
tracking of attendance is done with the use of radio frequency identification, which is an
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application at the K-12 level. RFID chip is stored information on student's ID card, and
then it used to track it (Cha & Kang, 2015). Students can able to track the connected
buses and then change its schedule that prevents from spending needless time in
educational areas. Wearable IoT devices like watches, virtual reality headset and others
are finding a way into the classroom (Harris, 2016). Muse is a headband that informs the
brain activities to the mobile application that assist the teachers in observing the
engagement of student and used to follow the learning styles. In this way, IoT devices
help both students and teachers to produce more within less time and optimisation of
workflows.
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Figure 1.1: IoT Network
(Source: Cha & Kang, 2015, pp-75)
Benson (2016) demonstrated that IoT encourages communication among the
devices. Moreira, Ferreira and Cardoso (2017) argued that due to connected with physical
devices plus controlled digitally with the wireless infrastructure, the education process
becomes automated. It avoids any human intervention (Riggins & Wamba, 2015). It
helps to uphold simplicity into the education processes and maintain a quality into
services. Apart from the benefits of IoT in education, there are some challenges of IoT.
According to Bulla, Hunshal and Mehta (2016), the most significant challenge of IoT is
security. When data is transmitted from one device to another, there is a risk of privacy
and security of the data, and there are chances of loss. IoT consists of a complex network.
Any bugs, as well as power failure into the software and hardware, can lead to severe
costs (Njeru et al., 2017). Failure of power can also cause inconvenience. However,
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despite its challenges, IoT has the potential to make the education system more relevant
to engagement of learners.
Namiot, Sneps-Sneppe and Daradkeh (2017) pointed out that IoT is the next step
towards the evolution of the smart objects (between physical objects plus digital
information about the object). IoT creates an education system which would empower the
new generation of digital people those would understand the IoT technologies. Kane et
al., (2013) demonstrated that higher education system ensures that the next generation
engineers can understand the process to design as well as build of a technological system
which can reflect expectations of participation. The challenge is to develop new forms of
scalable education that should contain a larger number of students, attract probable
students and distribute of a modern curriculum which replicates changes into the
computer technology. Lakshminarayanan and McBrideb (2015) concluded that IoT
provides solutions to those challenges in the system. The main users of the system are
students, teachers, examination branch, admission branch and administrative staffs. IoT
education system can recognize the problem areas where the students tend to create
mistakes by evaluating the study records of the students. When the teachers provide the
teaching documents on the internet, the students can access the data from their classroom
and home both. Atzori, Iera and Morabito (2015) stated that use of cloud computing
system reduces the operational cost as servers as well as learning materials are shared
with other colleges.
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1.2 Aims and objectives
The main purpose of this study to analyse the use of IoT in education to change the
way people learn. This study aims to identify a variety of applications related to IoT
within education and conclude the suggestions for interference. IoT is a fast expanding
space for the researchers, students as well as teaching professionals. Following are the
objectives of this particular research study:
 To find out the impacts of IoT into education
 To find out the factors to be considered for implementation of IoT in education
 To identify the advantages and disadvantages of IoI in education
 To propose solutions for solving problems and issues that exist in higher
education through IoT
 To find out the barriers and challenges require addressing in IoT
 To identify the current trends into IoT with its future expectation
1.3 Research questions
Following are the research questions:
1. What is IoT in education and its impact?
2. What are the key factors to consider for successful implementation of IoT in
education?
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3. What are advantages and disadvantages of IoT in education?
4. How problems and issues that exist in higher education can be solved through
IoT?
5. What barriers and challenges those need to be addressed in IoT and what are the
current trends in IoT education and what to expect in near future?
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CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
Hahm et al., (2014) stated that Internet of Things is a significant impact on the
areas of the education sector. It is continued to impact as the schools are making greater
use of the connected devices. The students, as well as administrator, can collaborate and
derive from the data as IoT continues to formulate inroads into the educational sectors.
IoT is changing the educator sector (Valliamal & Srividhya, 2016). The literature review
summarises the key factors used for successful implementation of IoT into the education,
problems and issues that exist in higher education can be solved through IoT, barriers and
challenges need to address IoT, current trends and future of IoT into education.
2.2 Key Factors to Consider For Successful Implementation of
IoT in Education
IoT consists of huge potential into the education. Education is one of the most
important applications of IoT, which is discussed in this particular paper. The students
are interacted with the mentors and also educators by use of connected devices like
interactive boards (Veeramanickam & Mohanapriya, 2016). The digital scanners are
aided the learning experiences by transferring text to the Smartphone digitally. Interactive
boards are used to go faster learning by receiving the information. Popentiu-Vladicescu et
al., (2017) highlighted that Quick Response (QR) codes had made the system into the
school textbooks. When the students scan QR codes with use of Smartphone, then
feedback and assignments resources become available easily. With the use of RFID
chips, the students can track the physical objects and automatic the data analysis
techniques with the use of applications based on the cloud. Laplante and Laplante (2016)
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mentioned that educational institutions could promote of collaborative environments with
IoT. The students are encouraged to transmit data to a collaborative group of people by
scanning of the RFID tag with use of Smartphone. Following are four factors which are
addressed to make sure of successful adoption:
Security: IoT security is an issue across the education market. The information is
confidential; therefore authentication method is used to decide people and organisations
that may access the data. Charlton and Poslad (2016) stated that the educators plus
learners should require understanding the ethical issues of IoT. Personal data are required
to treat differentially; therefore the privacy of an individual is also respected. Security
ensures data integrity, and therefore there should be the safeguard of data transmission as
it travels from decentralized location throughout devices across the internal networks and
from the cloud. Raman, Weigel and Lee (2014) argued that the data are kept secured
based on tight integration of hardware as well as software security as well as also
services. Access to secured data is just beginning. As the IoT is accelerating, therefore
the challenge is shifted to release the value hidden in the data (Pruet et al., 2015). In order
to secure the data, there is the requirement of hardware as well as software infrastructure
which can able to access, share as well as store the data.
Educational policies: Kim et al., (2015) stated that policies are encouraged for
the adoption of the technology into the classroom, and there is successful integration into
a curriculum is vital. The policies are included in sound change management practices in
the educational institutions in order to reduce the barriers to adoption of technology.
Putjorn, Ang and Farzin (2015) argued that professional development programs are
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incorporated IoT tools to support the adoption and helps the educators to increase
innovative technologies for the learning situations.
Data integrity: The integrated data are accurate, completeness as well as
authenticity (Rojas, 2014). Educators are required to work with the government to ensure
for development of IoT into education.
Connectivity: Among the challenges faced by the education sector, IoT
connectivity with the internet makes the education system more efficient (Raman, Weigel
& Lee, 2014). The education sector connects the legacy infrastructure with innovative
things that are required to streamline such that it can securely as well as dependably
interoperated across the business enterprise.
2.3 Problems and Issues that Exist in Higher Education can be
solved through IoT
Otgonbayar, Pervez and Dahal (2016) demonstrated that IoT is considered as an
extension of the connectivity into a wide range of the environment that enables to provide
data analytics and control abilities of the world. Zhang et al., (2015) argued that the
history of higher education within technology was fraught with failures as well as the
technology is not addressed the individualised concerns which are necessary for good
teaching. Some of the identified problems and issues exist into higher education are
overcrowded school, lack of innovation from the teachers, lack of involvement from the
parents and technology becomes synonymous with the entertainment. Divitini et al.,
(2017) mentioned that IoT helps to solve various problems from administration to the life
of the students. The problems and issues which are raised into higher education and
solved by the use of IoT are:
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Cost: It is the biggest issue into the higher education as a cost of the student's
education is tens of thousands of dollar per year. Park, Park and Kim (2015) citied that in
some colleagues and schools, traditional use of higher education, the operating cost is
expensive. This expense prevents the students from going to the college and puts the
parents into significant debt. The costs of the books are ranged from $1,168 for the
students. Therefore, due to use of IoT into higher education, the students can access their
books online into the university library, and there is no requirement to purchase of books
(Lee, 2016). Streaming and optimisation of the use of facilities such as responded to the
weather events, automated operations help to achieve financial savings.
Communication: Before the use of IoT into higher education, there are problems
of communication among the teachers and students. The teachers cannot be able to track
the daily work of the students and their daily progress in their assignments. However, IoT
can able to capture more data about various interactions occurred between tutor and
students. Elyamany and AlKhairi (2015) highlighted that with the use of multi-way
video, integration of social media helps to communicate with each other. As more digital
devices are connected, therefore the campus leaders can extract more value from the
stream of tracked data as well as information help to achieve a transactional relationship
with the students, administrators and service providers (Corcoran, 2014). Smart doors,
cameras and others are used to monitor as well as control the movement into various
facilities.
Linear learning: The University is used of linear learning model such that the
higher education is teacher focused but not student focused. The entire education process
is being controlled by the teacher just to get a degree which is controlled by the
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university. This process of linear learning is expensive and time-consuming. Kuyoro,
Osisanwo and Akinsowon (2015) concluded that with use of IoT, the education and
learning process become self-directed. The teachers empower the students by providing
them with a choice in the classes they desire. Students can choose what they desire to
learn. There is lower cost delivery of the virtual classroom to the students by providing
living teaching classes.
2.4 Barriers and Challenges Need to Address in IoT
Apart from the benefits of using IoT for higher education, there are some key
barriers and challenges areas of IoT:
Security: As IoT connects to various devices, it is provided decentralised entry
points into malware attack. Less expensive devices are collected of locales which are
subjected to tampering (Aris et al., 2015). IoT provides a machine to machine
communication which creates complexity as well as security risks.
Trust and privacy: With the remote sensors as well as monitoring use cases for
IoT, there are a lot of sensitivity to control access as well as data ownership. Security
breaches occur when the third party person tries to steal and gain access to the
confidential data as well as information (Patil et al., 2016). Social as well as political
concerns are also caused hinder into an adoption of IoT.
Lack of knowledge on the use of IoT: People have lack of knowledge on the use
of technology and new IoT solutions. The teachers and students are not trained on the
new technologies. Therefore it is vital to use the technologies. The key reasons are that
the technologies are simple, but it is new. Therefore implementation becomes a time-
consuming process (Kuje Stephen et al., 2016). There is huge competition in the IoT
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field; therefore the university should promote IoT related products as well as services.
The training program should be conducted to provide training to the teachers.
2.4.1 Current Trends in IoT Education
Atabekov, He and Bobbie (2016) demonstrated that IoT is a transformational
trend that shapes the future of the businesses in the year 2017 as well as beyond it. Zhang
et al., (2015) concluded that most of the IoT users believe that it holds to enhance the
student and teacher’s relationships, drive of educational growth by improvement into
quality, efficiency and dependability. Following are the trends that affect the classrooms
of both K-12 as well as higher education.
Personal access to the mobile devices: The students access to mobile devices.
About 89 percent students from the higher school access to Smartphones (Putjorn, Ang &
Farzin, 2015). The students can also access to the tablets and laptops.
Internet connectivity: When the students are at home, they are connected to the
internet. Both 3G and 4G enabled devices are the primary sources to connect to the
internet. Some of the students connect throughout the internet enabled TV.
Use of video for doing class work: Veeramanickam and Mohanapriya (2016)
highlighted that video is one of the IoT tool in the recent years which is used by the
student to do their class work as well as homework. They can access the video online
which is created by the teachers.
Use of mobile devices for schoolwork: The students can leverage of mobile
devices for their day to day activities. It can also transform the learning processes of the
students. Most of the students are used mobile devices for research purpose in the
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education. It is also used for setting of reminders as well as alerts related to their
academic lives.
Privacy of the students: Latest educational technology is effective to create
personalised educational system throughout the data collection. Technology is used to
collect personal information from the students.
Digital literacy: Putjorn, Ang and Farzin (2015) mentioned that the teachers are
provided training to the use of tech-savvy digital technologies at the schools. Therefore,
there is high effort to integrate of digital literacy into the curricula from the younger
program.
Virtual reality adds a new dimension to learning: Virtual reality is one of the
most significant technologies surf wars in the years 2016 (Divitini et al., 2017). It
demonstrates how technology is changing the learning process of the students in schools
and universities.
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CurrenttrendsinIoTEducationPersonalaccesstothepersonaldevicesVirtualrealityaddstonewdimensiontolearningDigitalliteracyPrivacyofthestudentsUseofmobiledevicesforschoolworkUseofvideofordoingclassworkInternetConnectivity

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Figure 2.1: Current trends in IoT Education
(Source: Divitini et al., 2017, pp-758)
2.4.2 Future of IoT in Education
In the future, the researchers used IoT to automate the entire classroom. It
connects together the classroom elements such as devices, screens, microphones, learning
management system, projectors and others. Unprecedented growth into development of
new technologies changes the way of teaching in addition to learning into the global
scale. With use of IoT, the information is to be presented in the way which is never exists
(Valliamal & Srividhya, 2016). Classrooms are become open as well as learning becomes
easier for the students and teaching becomes efficient for the teachers. IoT changes
education into online education so that it reduces lot of time of the students and also
teachers (Veeramanickam & Mohanapriya, 2016). Powerful data driven report system
permits both the teachers as well as administrators to monitor the performance of the
students on real time based and collect feedback from the student in order to regulate the
course management.
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2.5 Summary
In the field of higher education, the students are interacted with the teachers as
well as educators by use of connected and digital devices which is termed as the Internet
of Things. The key factors for successful implementation of IoT are security, educational
policies, and data integrity and internet connectivity. Issues exist into higher education
are congested school, lack of modernism from the teachers, lack of participation from the
parents. The problems which exist into higher education are cost, communication and
also linear learning. IoT helps to solve those issues by providing lower operational cost,
machine to machine communication and self-directed learning to the students. The
campus leaders into the universities can track the data and information related to the
student such as tracking their education progress, schedule the timesheet and others. IoT
provides virtual classroom to the students by providing living teaching classes such as
such as devices, screens, microphones, learning management system, projectors and other
IoT devices.
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CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
This particular chapter defines of the processes and approaches require adopting
detailed result on a selected research study. The theories, service and deployment models
of IoT provides deep knowledge and understanding to analyse the selected research topic.
IoT in Education involves of internet connected devices that perform the learning
processes and services which support a way of life. The growth of IoT devices and rapid
development of the advanced technologies create a huge connection of the things
(Raman, Weigel & Lee, 2014). The concept of service and deployment model is
discussed to provide an overview of the proposed adoption of cloud framework which
allows the students to interact with physical objects in surroundings.
3.2 Cloud computing/ IoT models
In the research methodology, cloud computing or IoT models help to decide on
the adoption of IoT into education. Choosing of proper deployment model is a key
significant step to mitigate and provide a cloud platform. However, in this research
framework AR system is proposed for providing direct as well as an indirect view of the
physical environment those elements are being amplified by the computer generated real-
world sensory input (Moreira, Ferreira & Cardoso, 2017). Similarly, choosing of the
service model is also required for mitigating issues into cloud computing platforms.
Choosing of the service model is based on preferences and requirements by making
collaboration with the planning staffs.
Service models: Delivery of services into the cloud computing consists of three
various service models such as SaaS, PaaS as well as IaaS. SaaS is provided of
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IaaS PaaS SaaS
On-demand self-serviceBroad network accessResource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service
Private cloud Community cloud Public cloud Hybrid cloud
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applications to the cloud's end users. On the other hand, PaaS is consisted of an
environment to develop and provision the cloud applications (Hurst et al., 2017). The
users improve and run the cloud applications for the purpose to provide easy and efficient
learning services to students and teaching services to teachers. A proprietary language is
supported to ease the communication process, monitoring, ensuring scalability as well as
the flexibility of the application (Nie, 2013). IaaS provides of required hardware and
software support so that the user can build a modified computing surroundings. IT
resources, resources for data storage and communicational channel are being linked
together to make sure for the stability of the applications used on a cloud. It includes of
wearable devices, smartphones and others connected devices.
Figure 3.1: Service and Deployment Model
(Source: Moreira, Ferreira & Cardoso, 2017, pp-391)
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Deployment models: Within the IoT, there are deployment models such as
private, public, in addition to community as well as the hybrid. The private cloud has an
infrastructure for limited used by the single organisation consisted of various customers
whereas the public cloud creates open public use (Njeru et al., 2017). A community cloud
is being managed by the specific group which has shared interests into security
requirements. At last, hybrid cloud is the combination of private; community as well as a
public cloud which are built to customise the computing surroundings. The information
and data which are not critical are outsourced to the public cloud (Raman, Weigel & Lee,
2014). The services, as well as data, are kept under the control of the business
organisation.
Vendor selection is also made in cloud computing to choose proper cloud platform for
implementation of IoT into educational sectors such as school and universities. Cloud
services are required to deliver at a particular time with providing of accurate throughput.
Integration of the models is required to implement IoT successful into school as well as
colleges (Hahm et al., 2014). Cloud integration tools are used for deployment of the
models into the organisation.
3.3 Research approach
The deductive research approach is formulated with a set of the hypothesis for the
report which is required to prove and throw out during the research process. This research
approach describes the models and theories to access to the content. Inductive research
approach does not involve of formulating the hypothesis (Savin-Baden & Major, 2013). It
consists of the research questions; aims, as well as objectives, require needing to be
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achieved during the research process. This study helps to study the selected research topic
when data were chosen are not available. Observation is required to gain relevant
information and data. It provides a theoretical analysis of research topic with more
specification and data analysis concepts (Sekaran & Bougie, 2016). In this particular
research study, inductive approach is selected. The research topic tries to study the
concepts related to the implementation of IoT into education. Service model and
deployment model related to cloud computing and IoT needed to select proper
approaches which help to understand and conduct the study precisely (Sultan & Yin
Wong, 2013). In this case, a deductive approach is failed as a hypothesis is set by the
researcher for the report which is required to prove and throw out during the research
process. Furthermore, a concept of IoT into education is understandable into detailed
manners.
3.4 Data collection procedure
The data for this research study is used to collect information help to study and
gather information related to a selected research topic. Data collection procedures help to
derive precise research outcomes to the research process and enable the standard of the
work. The procedures define the data sources and data techniques for conducting the
research study.
Data Sources: Primary sources will provide direct evidence about the event. It
consists of historical documents, results of the investigation, statistical data, audio
recording and others. Interviews, surveys, internet communication, blogs and others are
the primary sources. This particular source consists of empirical studies where the
research is performed by direct observation. Kingsman (2014) stated that the results of
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this study are to be found in scholarly articles, papers delivered at the conference. On the
other hand, Secondary sources describe, comment on the analysis, evaluate, process as
well as summarised the primary sources. Zander, Stolz and Hamm (2013) demonstrated
that the materials of secondary sources are articles, magazines, books, articles that are
found in scholarly journals which discussed the real research. In this particular study,
primary data sources are used by gathering feedback from the students throughout the
online forum. This source is short and proceeds into a logical sequence.
Data Techniques: Qualitative data is used to documentation of narrative data.
Sekaran and Bougie (2016) mentioned qualitative data includes theoretical concepts of
the realistic work which will provide a better understanding of the topic. In this particular
study, qualitative data technique is used for gathering feedback from the students through
an online forum. It records, analyses and attempts to expose of deeper importance as well
as consequence of human behaviour. Sultan and Yin Wong (2013) argued that the
approach adopted by the qualitative researchers tends to inductive with the development
of new theories and patterns of understanding based on gathered data. Qualitative
researchers are not based their research on a hypothesis. The researcher identifies the
problems and provides solutions based on observation as well as communication. It is
done through in-depth interviews of the students and also focuses groups. There is no
statistical analysis done for this research study.
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CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH PLAN AND TIMELINE
4.1 Research Plan
The following table shows the activities of the research study which are taken
place when the researcher working on the selected topic: IoT in Education:
Table 1: Activities into the research study
Activities in research study Duration of the activities
Selection of the research topic 7 days
Finding out the impact of IoT on the educational sector 3 days
Finding out the key factors to be considered for IoT implementation 7 days
Identification of advantages as well as disadvantage of IoT into
educational sector
4 days
Finding out the barriers and also challenges required to address into
educational sector
7 days
Gathering of student input or feedback by asking the questions
throughout online forum
7 days
Propose of a system which allows the students to interact with physical
objects in surroundings
7 days
4.2 Propose of a system which allows the students to interact
with physical objects in surroundings
With the implementation of IoT for higher education, the students use of digital
devices such as devices, screens, microphones, learning management system, projectors
and other IoT devices in the classroom. A system is proposed which permits the students
to interact with the physical objects in the surrounding. Each of the physical objects is
connected with one or more virtual object that gives information to the students to reach
learning environment. The physical objects enriched with the context use of Internet of
Objects. There is augmented of resources with the visual tags (NFC as well as
QRCODE). Each of the tags consists of unique data which is used to recognise the object
and used as a connection to virtual one. This proposed system enhances of the current
perception of the reality and physical objects around people. Lucas-Woodley et al.,
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(2016) demonstrated the system supports of multimedia resources like audio, animation,
hypertext, video and others. The mobile devices are interfaced to integrate the visual tags
technology identification. It permits interaction of the physical objects with the students.
The server is such a system which consists of augmented learning objects that are
managed by the teacher. The client consists of an application which is installed on the
student's mobile.
Elmekies (2017) concluded that the object interface offers information on
augmented objects. The system consists of two different sources to deliver information to
the students. The databases system contains information of the students beside with the
record of learning activities and assessment outcomes. Kim and Kim (2014) argued that
the database contains information related to augmenting learning object. The hybrid
interface dependent on NFC as well as QRCODE permits to interact with the physical
objects. When the student goes for NFC reading, then the device obtains information
found into the physical object tags into NDEF format. It consists of identifying
augmented object into the servers. An algorithm is used to decode NDEF and puts into
the server. The virtual objects are displayed with use of graphical user interface into
mobile devices of students. When the student goes for QRCODE reading, then the reader
can decode the information on the tag and user interface displayed the learning resources.
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4.3 Timeline of the research plan
Table 2: Timeline of research plan
Activities conducted in the research study Week
1
Week 2 Week
3
Week
4
Week
5
Selection of the research topic
Finding out the impact of IoT into the educational
sector
Finding out the key factors to be considered into
IoT implementation
Identification of advantages as well as
disadvantage of IoT into educational sector
Finding out the barriers and also challenges
required to address into educational sector
Gathering of student input or feedback by asking
the questions throughout online forum
Propose of a system which allows the students to
interact of physical objects in surroundings
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CHAPTER V: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
The research plan stated that a gathering of student input or feedback is conducted
by asking the questions throughout the online forum. The online forum is conducted by
taking three students into discussion those had provided their feedback on the use of IoT
into educational sector. IoT is improved education, and it brings advanced value to the
physical environments and also structures. A small survey is conducted by asking four
questions on the online forum. Therefore, a qualitative data analysis is conducted which
involves of three students as for proper sample. A qualitative study is conducted that
permits to do a detailed analysis for each question into better access to the research topic.
The four questions are:
1. "Connecting the classroom with IoT benefit the students and teachers."
Into the schools internet is required and therefore e-learning becomes one of the
educational practice into Australian educational system. There are various types of
applications of educational IoT and different suggestions are provided to reduce the
challenges. Connecting the classroom to IoT would certainly benefit the students as well
as teachers. The teachers can provide real time example of whatever is being taught. The
students would also have the benefit of searching something related to the topic being
taught. The teachers provide the teaching documents on the internet; the students can
access the data from their classroom and home both. The smart schools consist of IT
infrastructure which develops into digital learning centres as more IoT devices are being
deployed. The teachers can track the students, staffs as well as resources to expand
prepared efficiency along with a reduction of cost. New technologies are used to track the
attendance of the students, transportation as well as management of a secured system.
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RFID is used to install the ID cards which can monitor the attendance and young
students. Real time information of the devices helps to maintain the departments to
eliminate of any disruptions into the classrooms.
2. "Internet uses by students for educational purposes vary with teachers asking for
study tasks/assignments to be based on the Internet."
Yes. It varies upon the activity and co-relation of the teachers. The use of internet
would vary with each assignment. When the task is critical, then the search time is more.
There is change the roles of teachers as well as students, increased into motivation as well
as self-esteem, elevated into partnership with the peers as well as raise into a practice of
outside resources. The technology used by the students permit them to think critically
about the information searched from the internet and execution of skills into teacher-led
lessons. IoT tools are used to support the students in performing of course tasks and
assignments. The students can define the goals, make the designing decisions and
evaluate the project progress. There is a change in the role of teachers as they are no
longer becomes a centre of attention as the students get required information into the
internet. The teachers play the role as a facilitator as they set project goals, provide
guidelines as well as provide assignment related suggestions. The students work on the
task or assignment based on technology supported products.
3. Use of IoT in education secured for the students
Yes. Use of IoT is very much secure for the students. The IoT devices for the
educational purposes of the students are secured through the use of advanced
technologies. Smart campuses ensure students have secure IoT. All the time the educators
make their campus more secure and safe. The school buses are fixed with the GPS
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26IoT IN EDUCATION
transmitter which helps the parents to track the location of their children. The data helps
to make decisions during the emergency situations and notification of proper authorities.
Whereas on the other hand, it is not always secured for the students as the When data is
transmitted from one device to another, there is a risk of privacy and security of the data,
and there are chances of loss. The highest hurdle to the use of IoT into education is a
protection of the data. While implementation of technologies, ethical risks are caused
while accessing to the personal data of students. The university and school should
develop of security and privacy applications and choice of cloud vendor in order to host
the data and information. The teachers and students should be educated about the risks to
collect data and mitigate those risks.
4. "Internet use by students for educational purposes varies according to their
learning approaches."
Yes. The purpose of the student to use the internet is examined based on the
learning approaches. The students also used the internet for the purpose of chatting as
well as communication, surfing on the internet to prepare the assigned task and study
purposes. The internet is mainly benefited the education where the students are spoebding
more time on utilizing of it. Students use internet for a variety of learning activities. They
also use internet for assignments as well as projects. Those who use it for regular
assignments use a higher level of internet. IoT devices for higher education are an
effective learning tool for students in addition to the teachers. It makes the education easy
as well as effective. This varies that the execution of web-based directions may be
potential prospects for the students. They can utilise the internet and discover interesting
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equipment based on their own choice. The IoT devices are used into the campus by
making use of Wi-Fi network in order to send data and also receive the data.
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CHAPTER VI: SUMMARY
In this particular research study, it is summarised that education is one of the most
important applications of IoT, which is discussed in this particular paper. Due to an
increase in the mobile technologies and IoT devices, it permits the schools to expand
their school campus, educational system, remain track of the educational resources in
addition to improvement of a right of entry to the educational information and data.
Within the university, IoT devices are used to track the student, supervise the students,
educational resources and equipment at a lesser operating cost. It helps to support
straightforwardness into the education procedures, also, to continue with a quality of
services. IoT can build the education system more appropriate by the commitment of
learners. The students are interrelated with the mentors and also educators by utilising of
associated devices. The learners should need considerate the ethical issues of IoT. The
professional development programs are included IoT tools to hold up the adoption, also,
to help the educators to augment innovative technologies for the learning circumstances.
The educators are necessary to effort with the government to make sure for expansion of
IoT into the education sector.
The barriers and challenges required to address into IoT are security, trust and
privacy and lack of knowledge of IoT. Security breaches happen when the third party
person tries to steal and expand access to the private data as well as information. The
teachers in addition to students are not skilled on the new and innovative technologies;
therefore it is fundamental to utilise the technologies. The current trends in the IoT
education are personal access to the mobile devices such as the students can also access
to the tablets and laptops. Internet connectivity is done through 3G, and 4G enabled
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29IoT IN EDUCATION
devices. The students' access to an online video created by the tutors. The students can
control of mobile devices for their day to day actions. Technology is used to collect
personal information from the students. The biggest technology surf trend is a virtual
reality that changes learning process of the students. The researchers used IoT to
computerise the entire classroom. Unprecedented growth in development of new
technologies changes the way of teaching in addition to learning into the global scale.
The use of IoT application into the educational sector is limitless, and it is now
days used into the smart schools. Into the longer term, a harnessing of the data collected
by the IoT devices helps to develop safety as well as foster of the student's first learning
environments. IoT devices are required higher capital investments. It benefits can be
outweighed the drawbacks into the future. It provides a proper learning process for the
students, but it lessens the operational costs. IoT helps to solve those issues by providing
lower operational cost, machine to machine communication and self-directed learning to
the students. The researchers gather data from the student input or feedback which is
conducted by asking the questions throughout the online forum. A qualitative study is
carried out that permits to perform a detailed analysis of each question into improved
access to the research topic. IoT tools are used to support the students in performing of
course tasks as well as assignments. The students can describe the goals, create off the
designing decisions with assessing their progress. The university, as well as school,
should expand to safety and privacy applications and an alternative of cloud vendor in
order to host the education and confidential data. Therefore, IoT devices for higher
education are a successful learning tool for students in addition to the teachers.
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30IoT IN EDUCATION
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Appendix A: FEEDBACK FORM
Survey Topic: Internet of Things in Education
Name: Age:
Email ID:
Educational level:
Please provide your feedback:
Yes No
Question 1: Is connecting the classroom with IoT benefit the students and teachers?
Comment:
Question 2: Does Internet use by students for educational purposes vary with
teachers asking for study tasks/assignments to be based on the Internet?
Comment:
Question 3: Is use of IoT in education secured for the students?
Comment:
Question 4: Does Internet use by students for educational purposes vary according
to their learning approaches?
Comment:
Thank you. Your participation in this survey is much appreciated!
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