Effects of Individualized Nutritional Education on Older Adults

This study evaluates the effects of an individualized nutritional education and support programme on dietary habits, nutritional knowledge, and nutritional status of older adults living alone. It examines the research aim, design, methodology, and methods used in the study. The study finds that nutrition education is imperative in influencing individual dietary habits and recommends community-based nutritional education and counseling programmes for reliable outcomes.

Running Head: RESEARCH
RESEARCH

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Table of Contents
Part A: Summary...................................................................................................................................2
Part B: Critically evaluation of theme...................................................................................................3
References.............................................................................................................................................8

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Part A: Summary
Article 1: Effects of an individualized nutritional education and support programme on
dietary habits, nutritional knowledge, and nutritional status of older adults living alone
From the evaluation of Article 1, it is addressed that this study is effective for evaluating the
effects of an individualized nutritional education and support programme on dietary habits,
nutritional knowledge, and nutritional status of older adults living alone. This study is
effective in comprehending the qualitative analysis method is effective for collecting reliable
information about the research matter. There are certain factors are considered in this study
named research aim, research design, research methodology, and research methods. It will be
effective in collecting reliable information about the research issue. Moreover, this study will
also be effective in getting reliable data with respect to health security. This study uses the
pre‐ and post‐test controlled quasi‐experimental design for collecting information about the
research matter. This study also concentrates on making the regular dietary meal plan for
enhancing the nutritional status of older adults in Korea. This study has also focused on the
Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program 5.0., which leads to getting reliable
information about the research matter. From the evaluation of data, it is found that the
intervention group was more than the control groups 8. It is found that nutrition education is
imperative in influencing the habits of individual dietary. It can also be recommended that
community‐based nutritional education and counseling programmes could lead to the
organization for getting a reliable outcome.
Article 2: Exploring residents’ experiences of mealtimes in care homes: A qualitative
interview study
This study is emphasized on exploring residents’ experiences of mealtimes in care homes.
This study is based on qualitative interview method, which leads to getting fresh information
from the selected research participants. This study will be effective in obtaining feasible

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information towards the research matter. The primary aim of this research is to gain
knowledge about certain issues, which may affect the residents’ enjoyment of meals as well
as resulting health and wellbeing. It is evaluated that the semi-structured interviews method
for conducting the study with respect to the different themes. Moreover, research scholar
could be effective in obtaining the depth information about the research matter. The result
demonstrated that there is a psychological and emotional connection. This study found that
residents’ experiences could directly impact the mealtimes.
Part B: Critically evaluation of theme
Ahn et al. (2017). Effects of an individualized nutritional education and support programme
on dietary habits, nutritional knowledge and nutritional status of older adults living alone.
This article depicts that the research process of this study clearly assesses the research aim or
hypotheses stated in the study. Along with this, the findings of this research produce credible
knowledge regarding research aim or hypotheses. The impacts of the individualized
nutritional programme and support education could be effective in getting a reliable outcome.
It could be imperative in obtaining reliable information about the research issue. In this, the
researcher has selected 71 older adults to get information about the research issue. It is stated
that the support programme and nutritional education could be imperative in getting depth
information about nutritional knowledge and impacted dietary habits could be imperative in
the attainment of the organizational task. It is also addressed that counseling programmes and
community‐based nutritional education could be effective in increasing depth information
towards nutritional status.
Introduction of this research illustrates the purpose of the study and outline the issues that the
researcher is investigating. Introduction of this article also develop the importance of this
study such as the significance of problem being assessed and this study contributes with
respect to advancing knowledge in a field of improving the nutritional status of older adults.

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A thorough review and logical development of the literature outlining existing knowledge as
well as an understanding of the topic. The review is directly associated with the research
issue. The review just summarises research publication and there is an integrated review that
involves an objective assessment of strengths and weaknesses of studies. The researcher
highlights the gap in existing understanding and knowledge.
There is an adequate description of the research design. The selected design is most
appropriate to answer the research question, investigate, as well as research aim or
hypotheses. Researchers use theory for justifying and supporting the choice of their research
design. The post and pre-test controlled quasi‐experimental design method will be practiced
by the investigator to get information about the research issue (Watkins, Goodwin, Abbott,
Hall, & Tarrant, 2017).
There is adequate description regarding research methods for permitting replication of study.
The design is most feasible for assessing the aim and hypotheses of research. The sampling
procedure adequately assessed, outlines the number along with the recruitment of
participants. This is quantitative research as it is sufficient to sample recruited like support
programme and intensive nutritional education could be effective in getting reliable data
towards the research issue.
It makes sure the validity of findings and is exclusion/inclusion criteria justified. The
questionnaires are used and these are adequately assessed such as nutritional knowledge and
Dietary habits was influenced by considering survey through a questionnaire. This study is
relevant and the validity of the instrument is documented. Moreover, the intervention group
has participated in the nutritional education that could be supported by culture once the week
in 8 weeks with dietary traffics offered by visiting dieticians and manage usual care. It is
stated that nutritional knowledge and dietary could be addressed by considering structured
questionnaires with Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program 5.0. The ethical approval

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of this study was described. There is no risk to participants are considered and steps were
taken for declining the risks described. When vulnerable groups are entailed, the attention
was given to the specific needs of the group. The informed consent was gained,
confidentiality, as well as privacy, assured and withdrawal from the study addressed.
There is an adequate examination regarding findings and their contribution to the
development of understanding. It is stated that nutritional analysis could be effective in
deeply evaluating the reliable decision towards hobbies. It is effective to link to the visiting
nurse with their dieticians to controlling the significant nutritional programme (Watkins,
Goodwin, Abbott, Hall, & Tarrant, 2017).
The researcher finds the answer to their aim of research. It points out the strengths and
weaknesses of the study and these could be addressed in future research. The author
compares their findings with those of other researchers. This study also extends the existing
understanding as well as provides the basis for any variations. It is evaluated that the mean
age of research participants was 77.6 years as well as 81.7% of the women participants. It is
evaluated that the modification over time of mean score of nutritional knowledge and dietary
knowledge that directly affect the organizational performance. It is stated that the normal
nutrition could be effective in collecting reliable data towards the research issue. The
researchers say the findings could be generalized to other people as well as they state the
limitations related to the generalization of their findings. The stated limitations complete and
others could be identified.
Watkins et al. (2017). Exploring residents experiences of mealtimes in care homes: A
qualitative interview study.
This article depicts that the research process of this study clearly assesses the research aim or
hypotheses stated in the study. Along with this, the findings of this research produce credible
knowledge regarding research aim or hypotheses.

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Introduction of this research illustrates the purpose of the study and outline the issues that the
researcher is investigating. Introduction of this article also develop the importance of this
study such as the significance of problem being assessed and this study contributes with
respect to advancing knowledge in a field of the residential care homes could lead to enhance
the health and wellbeing.
There are a thorough review and logical development of the literature outlining existing
knowledge as well as an understanding of the topic. The review is directly associated with the
research issue. The review just summarises research publication and there is an integrated
review that involves an objective assessment of strengths and weaknesses of studies. The
researcher highlights the gap in existing understanding and knowledge. In addition, it is
evaluated that many involvements purposes to alleviate well-documented issues of starvation
within the residential homes care as well as improving resident’s wellbeing and health. It is
evaluated that mealtime interventions could be imperative in getting a reliable result. The
purpose of this aim is effective in gaining knowledge about the research issue.
There is an adequate description of the research design. The selected design is most
appropriate to answer the research question, investigate, as well as research aim or
hypotheses. Researchers use theory for justifying and supporting the choice of their research
design. In this study, the semi-structured interview method is effective in getting the depth
information about the research matter. The Thematic analysis was effective in collecting the
content towards research matter by considering the interview method.
There is adequate description regarding research methods for permitting replication of study.
The design is most feasible for assessing the aim and hypotheses of research. The sampling
procedure adequately assessed, outlines the number along with the recruitment of
participants. This is quantitative research as it is sufficient to sample recruited like Thematic
evaluation is practiced for evaluating the data by entailing the transcribed interviews. It

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makes sure the validity of findings and is exclusion/inclusion criteria justified. The
questionnaires are used and these are adequately assessed such as the semi-structured
interview method is effective in collecting reliable information about the research issue.
This study is relevant and the validity of the instrument is documented. It is stated that the
dining experience is also imperative in getting depth information about the organization. This
study will also be effective in evaluating the relationship between emotional and
psychological make connection with different residents. It could also be effective in
managing the competition the resources. It could also supportive in familiarity.
The ethical approval of this study was described. There is no risk to participants are
considered and steps were taken for declining the risks described. When vulnerable groups
are entailed, the attention was given to the specific needs of the group. The informed consent
was gained, confidentiality, as well as privacy, assured and withdrawal from the study
addressed.
There is an adequate examination regarding findings and their contribution to the
development of understanding. It is also stated that special meals and celebrate could offer an
opportunity for the shared ritual. It is examined that quantitative data analysis method is
considered by the investigator to evaluate the statistical information about the research
matter. This them could also evaluate the conceptual and non-conceptual information about
the research issue.
The researcher finds the answer to their aim of research. It points out the strengths and
weaknesses of the study and these could be addressed in future research. The author
compares their findings with those of other researchers. This study also extends the existing
understanding as well as provides the basis for any variations. The researchers say the
findings could be generalized to other people as well as they state the limitations related to

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the generalisation of their findings. The stated limitations complete and others could be
identified (Ahn, Park, & Kim, 2018).

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References
Ahn, J. A., Park, J., & Kim, C. J. (2018). Effects of an individualized nutritional education
and support programme on dietary habits, nutritional knowledge and nutritional status of
older adults living alone. Journal of clinical nursing, 27(9-10), 2142-2151.
Watkins, R., Goodwin, V. A., Abbott, R. A., Hall, A., & Tarrant, M. (2017). Exploring
residents’ experiences of mealtimes in care homes: A qualitative interview study. BMC
Geriatrics, 17(1), 141.