Table of Contents Topic of the research - “How globalisation can drive business success”........................................3 INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3 Gantt Chart.............................................................................................................................4 Work breakdown structure.....................................................................................................5 LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................6 Globalisation and its benefits to a company...........................................................................6 Main business drivers for Tesco PLC that may lead to success at international level...........7 Issues faced by Tesco PLC in regards to global business drivers..........................................8 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................9 DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION...........................................................................12 Data interpretation................................................................................................................14 RECOMMENDATION.................................................................................................................25 Alternative research method.................................................................................................26 Reflection.............................................................................................................................26 CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................27 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................28
Topic of the research - “How globalisation can drive business success” INTRODUCTION Globalisation is defined as process where different economies are integrated. This has given platform to all companies around the world to trade in foreign countries. Due to globalisation it has become easier to communicate with foreign countries and establish market share in those areas. There are different benefits of globalisation to companies such as increase in market share and profits, increased productivity and maximisation of brand. Companies can increase their market share and customer base if they work at global level (Brambilla, 2015). Globalisation provides incentive for different countries gain benefit by increasing competitive advancement. Various companies are able to experience higher demand for their products and benefits from economies of scale. This leads to decrease in production cost of the company. The main benefit of globalisation to companies is that it enables a worldwide access to sources of raw material. In the present research company which is considered is Tesco which is a leading supermarket company of UK. This is a multinational groceries and general merchandise retailer and headquarters of this company are situated in Hertfordshire, England. There is great opportunity for Tesco to expand in foreign markets. This will help in increasing the market share and profit that company earns. Background of research Globalisation has affected businesses in a positive manner as it has developed various opportunities to expand business in various countries. Also it has helped to make brand of the company to be known worldwide. If any company is doing great business in domestic markets, then it should expand market in other countries also. Rationale of research The researcher has chosen this topic as globalisation is a concept that is trending in market. In today's world, each and every company wants to establish it's business inforeign countries. This aids in capturing market share of different countries. Gradually this helps in having a lot of customer base and more profit. Aim of present investigationis “To identify the impact of business drivers that lead an organisation to success at global level”. A case on Tesco PLC. Research Objectives
To understand the term globalisation and its benefits to a company. To identify main business drivers for Tesco PLC that may lead to success at international level. To access the issues faced by Tesco PLC in regards to global business drivers. Research Questions Explain the term globalisation and its benefits to a company. WhatarethemainbusinessdriversforTescoPLCthatmay lead to successat international level. What issues faced by Tesco PLC in regards to global business drivers. Gantt Chart Gantt chart is basically representation of project activities and this was developed by Henry Gantt in the year 1861. Gantt chart is used in project management and it is the most common and useful way of explaining activities involved in project completion. The Gantt chart is helpful in showing project activities or tasks displayed against time. This chart has list of activities on left side and top of this graph includes time scale (Zajda, 2015). Every activity or task is represented by bar. The length and position of bar represents start date, duration and end date of the project activity. The Gantt chart for present report is given below -
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Work breakdown structure WBS is known as dividing of complex projects into manageable and simpler tasks. The project manager uses this type of tool for simplifying execution of project. The WBS tool is helpful in dividing large tasks into manageable work chunks which can be easily supervised. In the WBS figure, scope of project is presented graphically (Oyemomi, Liu, Neaga,and Alkhuraiji,, 2016).This diagram begins with graphic object which represents the whole project. The WBS for this project is mentioned below -
LITERATURE REVIEW Globalisation and its benefits to a company As per the thoughts ofBendell, (2017), globalisation is a complex issue which is beneficial for companies in doing their business effectively. Globalisation has lead to increase in integration and cooperation of various national economies. This consists of national economies which are becoming increasingly. Globalisation includes various factors such as greater free
trade, large movement of labour, increased capital flows, growth of multinational companies and increasedcommunication.Thereareseveralbenefitsthatacompanycanhavedueto globalisation. Free trade is the way by which countries can exchange resources and goods. According to this, countries are able to produce goods in which they have comparative advantage. The increases in labour migration will help in providing employment to large number of people. Production is also enhanced as goods of company can be produced in ant part of the world. This helps in enabling opportunity of lower average costs and lower prices for consumers. Globalisation has enabled increased level of investment and this has made easier for countries to attract long term as well as short term investment. The investment by multinational companies plays an important role for improving the economies of developing countries. The developing countries have to struggle more for competing with developed countries. Developing countries havedifferent tariffrulesand regulationswhichrestrictstradingbetweentwo countries. Globalisation helps companies to expand their business at global level and in this way brand's popularity is enhanced. Globalisation has also enabled the movement of workers from one country to another easy. This has also helped in having diverse culture in many countries and any individual can easily settle in different country. Main business drivers for Tesco PLC that may lead to success at international level According to the viewpoint ofCavusgil, and Knight, (2015), there are some business drivers that lead to success of Tesco at international market. These include demography, technology and political decisions. These factors have major impact on the operations and functions of business. Demography is defined as size of population of a country in which company is operating business. When there is a particular economy where there are large number of employees and workers but it has less physical capital, the country has abundance of labour but poor capital. In these countries, there is competitive advantage in manufacturing labour intensive products. Because of the advancement of technology, cost of transportation and communication has decreased. There will be reduction of costs an other phenomenon like outsourcing, global value chain and long distance trade. If any company wants to expand it's business at international market, then it has to face different rules and regulations given by government. The various political decisions that affects functioning of an organisation are reducing the barriers of trade in goods, labour, services and capital. Each and every company has to develop and adopt effective strategy for accomplishing the goals and objectives of the
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company in less time. Globalisation is shaped by political decisions for the way in which society deals with outcomes of globalisation. There are various countries where there are low skilled labours. Thus it is advisable for the company to analyse which company has most effective workers and only in these countries business is established. Issues faced by Tesco PLC in regards to global business drivers According to the viewpoint ofCrane, and Matten, (2016), it is concluded that for every multinational company it is important for having successful business. For every company which is operating in global market it is advisable that they must focus on global business drivers. For having successful business, it is important that the company is following rules and regulations given by country in which it is operating. Also it is advised that company must start their business in country in which there are skilled employees and workers. If company starts operating in countries where there is political instability or where there is no collaboration among government and people then this will affect the progress of company in that country. Tesco is known as the world's largest merchant. This company has adopted an aggression foreign expansion strategy while expanding it's market in different countries like South Korea, US, China and Eastern Europe. This company manufactures and sources it's products at global market and it is involved in keeping costs of it's products down. There are substantial cost cuttings made through handling supply chain in an effective and efficient manner. Tesco has introduced a point card that is used for collecting data from customers when they use it for buying items. This helps in building loyalty and developing promotions that aims for particular customers.By using this technology, Tesco has been successful for creating fair amount of customers and remaining leader in UK market. The globalisation of market and production of Tesco plays an important role in development of the company. At the time of expansion, Tesco was able to capture and benefit from the innovation that has emerged from global subsidiaries. Because of the interconnectedness of markets, organisational structure and operating skills have been continuously transformed as this helped in operating and adopting host economies. Tesco has to transfer knowledge from UK around it's international operations by using intra firm networks of telecommunications and face to face best practise transmissions. There are various innovatory practices that are merging within global markets and these have captured through bottom up processes of learning of organisation.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research methodology is defined as a necessary part of investigation. This includes all detailed information about different tools & techniques, methods, approaches are described which are used in research for gathering, analysing, interpretation the data for finding effective solutions. Research philosophy Research philosophy is basically a phenomenon which deals with the wayswhere data relate to a phenomenon is collected, had to be analysed and used in the research work ( Vom Brocke,, Petry,and Gonser, 2016). Whenever a research philosophy is involved it means formulating and being aware of different beliefs & assumption made in the research work. Research philosophy forms the most outer layer in a research onion. There are four main types of Research philosophy: Pragmatism:Thistypeincludesmixedmethoddesigns,includingqualitativeand quantitative both type of data. Positivism:This believes that there is one thing that is always stable is reality. Realism:It is another branch of research philosophy. This is closely related to truth and existing objects in human mind (Díaz, and et. al., 2015). Interpretivism:Reality can be interpreted in many different ways but such interpretations are part of scientific knowledge Research Approach Qualitative approachrefers to the approach where research observe and understand the behaviour of human being and what they think about the particular topic. Qualitative approachhelps the investigator in order to collect accurate and reliable data.The utilisation of qualitative method helps in enhancing authenticity of research. And, adoption of quantitative method supports in gathering, analysing and evaluating information obtained from questionnaire (Olins, 2017). Thus, in the current research, researcher adopted mixed method for drawing appropriate outcome from research problem. Primary data Primary data means first hand data being collected by the researcher to perform the hole research work. There is a long process through which such type of data is collected. There can be
manydifferentmethodsforcollectingprimarydatasuchasquestionnaire,observations, experiments, personal interviews and surveys. Secondary data The different sources of collecting data through secondary source includes journals, websites, articles, government publications and other sources. This is more economical as compared to primary source. This method has a limitation that researcher sometimes may not get exact information and this is less reliable. In the current investigation both the primary and secondary sources of data collection are used by investigator. Sample Size Sample size basically means number of respondents selected by the researcher from whole population size. In this research work there are total of 30 respondents who are selected as sample size. Sampling Sampling is a process where a researcher emphasis on choosing a sample. This sampling is done because whole population cannot be used for research work, so a particular sample is selected which is used for further processing and drawing out relevant conclusions (Díaz, and et. al., 2015). There are many different methods which can be used by researcher such as simple random sampling, systematic random sampling, stratified random sampling, cluster sampling, snowball sampling, quota sampling. Every method has its own way of collecting data which can be used by analyst according to its requirements. In this research work simple random sampling has been used by the researcher. In this method there is no specific criteria respondents are selected on a random basis. Questionnaires:Questionnaires are a set of questions which are prepared by the researcher to perform their research work (Rossi, Lipsey, and Henry, 2018). There are series of questions which are prepared in order to evaluate respondents on various aspects and note down their reaction. Based on that reactions interpretations are done and final conclusions are made. Questionnaire Q 1) Do you have any knowledge related to the term 'globalisation'?
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a) Yes b) No Q 2) As per your views, does globalisation drive success of business? a) Agree b) Disagree Q 3) What are the different advantages of globalisation to business? a) Quick access to advancement b) Increase in sales performance c) Better approach to business opportunities Q 4) Is it required by Tesco to have strong strategies while working in foreign markets ? a) Yes b) No Q 5) What are different obstacles that Tesco will face while entering into international markets? a) Large number of competitors b) Changes in political factors c) Low attention to local customers Q 6) As per your views, does globalisation influences performance of business? a) Yes b) No Q 7) According to the above mentioned factors, what is the major obstacle that Tesco has to face while entering international markets? a) Ease in access to financial resources b) Technological factors c) Access to large market Q 8) As per your views, is Tesco having effective strategy to expandsuccessful business in
international markets? a) Yes b) No Q 9) According to your views, what are various kinds of resources needed for doing successful business internationally? a) Technological resources b) Financial resources c) Human resources Q 10) According to you, what will be the best strategy for Tesco to enter into foreign markets? a) Joint Ventures b) Franchisee Q 11) Provide recommendation for Tesco to work effectively in international markets and succeed. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION Questionnaire Q 1) Do you have any knowledge related to the term 'globalisation'?Frequency a) Yes26 b) No4 Q 2) As per your views, does globalisation drive success of business?Frequency a) Agree27 b) Disagree3 Q 3) What are the different advantages of globalisation to business?Frequency
a) Quick access to advancement12 b) Increase in sales performance8 c) Better approach to business opportunities10 Q 4) Is it required by Tesco to have strong strategies while working in foreign markets ? Frequency a) Yes25 b) No5 Q 5) What are different obstacles that Tesco will face while entering into international markets? Frequency a) Large number of competitors14 b) Changes in political factors7 c) Low attention to local customers9 Q 6) As per your views, does globalisation influences performance of business? Frequency a) Yes22 b) No8 Q 7) According to the above mentioned factors, what is the major obstacle that Tesco has to face while entering international markets? Frequency a) Ease in access to financial resources5 b) Technological factors23 c) Access to large market2 Q 8) As per your views, is Tesco having effective strategy to expand successful business in international markets? Frequency a) Yes26 b) No4 Q 9) According to your views, what are various kinds of resourcesFrequency
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needed for doing successful business internationally? a) Technological resources25 b) Financial resources3 c) Human resources2 Q 10) According to you, what will be the best strategy for Tesco to enter into foreign markets? Frequency a) Joint ventures14 b) Franchising16 Q 11) Provide recommendation for Tesco to work effectively in international markets and succeed. Frequency Data interpretation Q 1) Do you have any knowledge related to the term 'globalisation'?Frequency a) Yes26 b) No4 26 4 a) Yes b) No
Interpretation-From the above pie chart, it is concluded that out of 30 respondents, there are 26 respondents who are aware about the concept of globalisation. This is an important concept that is helpful for business in expanding their business and market share. Globalisation defines the integration of various trade among different countries. This has led companies to come forward and work at international markets.For multinational companies it is seen that they earn more profits than local companies. This is a growing trend of market which allows to do business in foreign countries. Out of the total respondents there were 4 respondents who were having no knowledge related to globalisation. Q 2) As per your views, does globalisation drive success of business?Frequency a) Agree27 b) Disagree3
Interpretation –Globalisation is a growing concept in market that is trending in markets. Expansion of business at global level will lead to make more profits and money. A company can have various opportunities in international markets (Flick, 2015). There are several competitors in international markets so companies work more effectively to achieve success. From the above pie chart, it can be concluded that out of 30 respondents, there are 27 respondents who think that globalisation helps in providing success to business. On the other hand, remaining 3 thinks that globalisation has no effect on business success. Q 3) What are the different advantages of globalisation to business?Frequency a) Quick access to advancement12 b) Increase in sales performance8 c) Better approach to business opportunities10 27 3 a) Agree b) Disagree
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Interpretation- There are different benefits of globalisation for business which includes quick access to advancement, increase in sales performance and better approach to business opportunities. It is interpreted from the given pie chart that out of total 30 respondents, there are 12 respondents who think that the major advantage of globalisation in business is quick access to advancement.Whenacompanyoperatesatinternationalmarket,thentherearevarious opportunities for adopting new techniques and tools of advanced technology that helps in working in more effective manner. The other benefit of globalisation to business is increase in sales performance and according to 8 respondents this is the major benefit of globalisation to business. Out of 30 respondents, there are 10 respondents who think that doing business at global level will lead to better approaches to business opportunities. 12 8 10a) Quick access to advancement b) Increase in sales performance c) Better approach to business opportunities
Q 4) Is it required by Tesco to have strong strategies while working in foreign markets ? Frequency a) Yes25 b) No5 Interpretation– Every company must have effective and strong strategies for working at global level. There are a lot of competitors in international markets so it is important for every company to have strong strategies so that they can capture foreign markets and customers easily. There are different strong strategies that can be adopted by companies (Kumar, 2019). From the given pie chart, it is concluded that out of 30 respondents, there are 25 respondents think that Tesco must have strong strategy for competing in international market. The remaining 5 respondents think that there is no need for Tesco to adopt any new strategy for capturing foreign customers. 25 5 a) Yes b) No
Q 5) What are different obstacles that Tesco will face while entering into international markets? Frequency a) Large number of competitors14 b) Changes in political factors7 c) Low attention to local customers9 14 7 9a) Large number of competitors b) Changes in political factors c) Low attention to local customers
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Interpretation– The above pie chart states that there are different obstacles that Tesco will face while expanding the business in foreign countries. Some of these are large number of competitors, changes in political factors and low attention to local customers. From this diagram, it is clear that majority of respondents think that the biggest challenge for globalisation is having large number of competitors. Out of 30 respondents, there are 9 respondents who think that providing low attention to local customers is the major challenge. The remaining 7 respondents think that change in political factors affects performance and functioning of Tesco. Q 6) As per your views, does globalisation influences performance of business? Frequency a) Yes22 b) No8
Interpretation-Globalisationisdirectlylinkedwithbusinessoperations.The performance and functions of business are affected while operating in international markets. When companies are working in foreign markets they have to make changes in organisational structure, operating functions and manufacturing.The above pie chart states that out of 30 respondents, there are 22 respondents who think that globalisation affects the performance of business. On the other hand, there are 8 respondents who thinks that there is no link between business performance and globalisation. Q 7) According to the above mentioned factors, what is the major obstacle that Tesco has to face while entering international markets? Frequency a) Ease in access to financial resources5 b) Technological factors23 c) Access to large market2 22 8 a) Yes b) No
Interpretation -As per the above pie chart, it is seen that there are some factors for Tesco which affects the running of business in foreign markets. These includes ease in access to financial resources, technological factors and access to large market. Out of total 30 respondents, there are 23 respondents who think that Tesco is not having enough technology to work in foreign markets. In other words, they think that this company will not get success in foreign markets. 5 respondents think that ease in access to financial resources may be the reason for Tesco to fail in making profits at international level. Tesco is a big UK firm and it is having lots of funds. The remaining 2 respondents think that the main reason for Tesco to enter foreign market is access to large market. 5 23 2 a) Ease in access to financial resources b) Technological factors c) Access to large market
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Q 8) As per your views, is Tesco having effective strategy to expand successful business in international markets? Frequency a) Yes26 b) No4 Interpretation -From the above pie chart, it is concluded that Tesco is having a strong and effective strategy to expand business in international markets. As it is concluded that organisations must have strong strategies to capture foreign customers and markets. Also it is important for businesses to capture new markets by adopting best marketing strategy ( Mackey, and Gass, 2015).Out of the total 30 respondents, it is seen that 26 respondents think that Tesco has strong strategy for working in international markets. On the other hand, there are 4 respondents who think that Tesco is not having strong strategy for expanding business in foreign markets. Q 9) According to your views, what are various kinds of resourcesFrequency 26 4 a) Yes b) No
needed for doing successful business internationally? a) Technological resources25 b) Financial resources3 c) Human resources2 Interpretation-There are different types of resources needed for establishing business in international markets. Some of these resources are technological resources, financial resources and human resources. Technological advancement is necessary for Tesco to attract more customers in foreign markets. Each and every company needs to have lots of funding and money to enter new business in different country. Effective human resource or talented employees are the most important factor in running any successful business. From the above pie chart, it is analysed that out of total 30 respondents, there are 25 respondents who think technological resources is the most important factor while entering international markets. Only 3 respondents think that money or finance is required for doing successful business internationally. There are 2 respondents who think that Tesco must have good human resource for attracting foreign customers. Q 10) According to you, what will be the best strategy for Tesco toFrequency 25 3 2 a) Technological resources b) Financial resources c) Human resources
enter into foreign markets? a) Joint ventures14 b) Franchising16 Interpretation –It is concluded from the above pie chart that Tesco has two strategies by which it can enter new markets and countries. These are joint ventures and franchising. Tesco can merge with another local firm of the country in which it is going to expand its business. Also, the other factor by which Tesco can enter new country is by franchising it’ s dealership to various business owners. From the above pie chart, it is concluded that out of 30 respondents, there are 14 respondents who think that Tesco can enter new countries and establish business there by having joint venture (Silverman, ed., 2016). The remaining 16 respondents think that Tesco can provide franchisee to other people in different countries for operating in that country. 14 16 a) Joint ventures b) Franchising
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RECOMMENDATION From the above discussion, it is interpreted that globalisation is playing an important role in business. It has positive impact on business corporations and companies can have more opportunities while working at global level. Globalisation is helpfulin increasing competition. This has been identified that working at global level has provided lot of opportunities to business. Competition is also raised due to globalisation. Thus it is advised for the companies to adopt effective strategies so that they can capture foreign markets as well as customers easily. Tesco must gain competitive advantage while working at global level. It is recommended for management of Tesco to have a strong strategy for capturing new customers. The strategy adopted by Tesco must be more effective than it's competitors. Adopting best strategy and providing training to employees will help Tesco to attain goals and objectives in international markets. It is suggested for Tesco to make the recruitment process effective for hiring new talents. The major asset of the company are employees and they help in enhancing performance of business. Thus it is advised for Tesco to have a process which will help in hiring new and talented employees. If new talented people are hired in Tesco then it will be easier to increase sales of the company. Alternative research method The present research includes questionnaire as the base for collecting information and data. In the present report, 30 respondents are selected and information is gathered within less time. The utilisation of questionnaire was a good choice for the researcher but it still lacked in accomplishing best results for research.While filling questionnaire, respondents are not able to share their actual views and thoughts. When researcher will get opportunity of using similar kind of research theninterview method can be usedfor gathering information and data. The reason behind this isinterview method allow respondents for expressing their actual views. There are open ended questions in an interview method. There are no boundaries or parameters for respondents in this case for providing answers to asked questions. Reflection After doing the research, I felt vary happy and satisfied. The whole journey of research was pleasant and I learnt a lot of things during accomplishment of research. At the initial stage
of research I was very excited as the topic of my research was globalisation and it is the most trending concept of market. This project helped me to know more about globalisation and it's benefits for the company and business.There were many difficulties while dealing with respondents. I have good communication skills so that is why I was able to talk to many respondents and making them fill questionnaire. There were many respondents who were not at all interested in filling the questionnaire and some demotivated me for doing this project work. But I kept patience and did my project work without thinking any other thing. I filled out questionnaire from respondents easily. While doing the project, I developed various skills like analytical, communication and team working skills. All these skills will help me in conducting more effective researches in future. I gave my best efforts for completing this research work.I did this project with reliable data and full authenticity. It will be good for readers to find better outcomes. CONCLUSION From the above report, it is concluded thatglobalisation is an important factor which benefitsperformanceofbusinessandalsoeconomies.Globalisationleadstobusiness opportunitiesforvariouscompaniesastheycaneasilyhaveaccesstoresourcesfrom international markets. The main advantage of expanding businessin international market is enhancement of market share and increase in number of customers. On the other hand, the major disadvantage of globalisation for businesses to expand in global markets is presence of strong competition. Every organisation has to have effective and strong strategies to expand their businessinforeignmarkets.Companieshavetofacecompetitionnotonlyfromother international companies but also from the well settled local marketers. Thus,businesses has to revise their core strategies while establishing business in international markets. This will help in dealing in foreign markets effectively and appropriately.
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