Impact of Wireless Sensor Network in Agriculture

This document discusses the impact of wireless sensor network in the field of agriculture. It explores the novel methodology for monitoring agricultural production, environmental parameters monitored using WSN, WSN's role in greenhouse climate control, practical implementation of agriculture monitoring using WSN and IoT, and the design and completion of remote data monitoring using ZigBee WSN. The document also includes references to relevant journal papers.

Review Based Project Literature Review (Secondary Research) Template
Student's Name MADAN DHAKAL
Project Type Review Based Project
Project Name Impact of wireless sensor network in the field of agriculture
Technology Wireless sensors network
Techniques Remote monitoring
Domain Agriculture
Questions Need to be Answered (Inclusive Criteria)
1. What is the novel methodology for the monitoring of the agricultural production process based on wireless sensor networks?
2. What are the environmental parameters which are monitoring in PA using WSN?
3. How WSN helps in greenhouse climate control?
4. What is the practical implementation of an Agriculture Monitoring using WSN and IoT Enabled?
5. How design and completion of Remote Data Monitoring is dependent on ZigBee WSN?
Version 1.0 _ Week 4
1
1

Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Díaz, S. E., Pérez, J. C., Mateos, A. C., Marinescu, M. C., & Guerra, B. B. (2011). A novel
methodology for the monitoring of the agricultural production process based on wireless sensor
networks. Computers and electronics in agriculture, 76(2), 252-265.
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://www.sciencedirect.com/
science/article/pii/S0168169911000548
Q2 Wireless sensor networks
Agricultural monitoring
Ubiquitous computing
Development methodology
Winemaking
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Modern
Techniques, Traditional Techniques
and Energy Saving Techniques
Tools: Development Tools,
Simulation Tools, Web Tools
Applied Area: Agricultural
production
process based on wireless sensor
Problem: Lack of education of farmers
Goal: Deployment of Wireless Sensor
Network and applications of WSN in
agricultural monitoring
 Providing knowledge to farmers
 Using the deployment of WSN
 Proper agricultural monitoring
 Real time decision making
2

networks, Establishing water saving
policies,
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
WSN is the technology which has the capability of providing perfect knowledge to all the farmers and this knowledge mainly represents a
resource which will be very valuable as it will be able to enable real time making of decisions regarding issues like establishment of policies for
saving water. This will help in providing irrigation at an adequate amount and in opting for the appropriate time for harvesting the fruit
depending upon the maturity.
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Wireless Sensor Networks Proper knowledge to the farmers and in
enabling decision making which will be
real time.
N/A
2 Modern techniques Production of agriculture comprising of the
cultivation of grapes.
N/A
3 Traditional techniques Farmers utilises it for detecting problems
like humidity or dryness and also in
detecting the ideal conditions.
N/A
4 Energy saving techniques Maximises the lifetime of the network. N/A
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Implementation of WSN Experts of WSN, RAT, Specification document of requirements
Simulation Application Source code, Binary code
Architecture of the network TDT, SeNTA, Relevant Measurements
3

Terrain Study TDT, Topographic maps
Role as well as functionality RAT, Design of Roles, Functionality description
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
Real Time Data
providing the use of
the WSN
technology
Agricultural
monitoring
The solution provides proper knowledge to
most of the farmers which represents valuable
resource as it enables real time making of
decisions regarding establishing policies for
saving water.
No methodology specifies the practices which
will be the best for the case of general crop
independence. Lack of methodology is general
impacts negatively on the amount of effort,
time for development and application
development cost.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Precision agriculture has provided scenarios
which are suitable for the WSN deployment
which has helped in providing the farmers
with appropriate knowledge which has
Enough knowledge acquired by the farmers and
they are capable of establishing several policies
for saving water and for other issues as well. Production of agricultural process is
monitored based upon the sensor networks
4

further enabled real time decision making. which are wireless.
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Lin, S., Miao, F., Zhang, J., Zhou, G., Gu, L., He, T., ... & Pappas, G. J. (2016). ATPC: adaptive transmission power control for wireless sensor
networks. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN), 12(1), 6.
Kyllmar, K., Forsberg, L. S., Andersson, S., & Mårtensson, K. (2014). Small agricultural monitoring catchments in Sweden representing environmental
impact. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 198, 25-35.
Citation that will be in the content
5

(Lin et al., 2016)
(Lyllmar et al., 2014)
2
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Srbinovska, M., Gavrovski, C., Dimcev, V., Krkoleva, A., & Borozan, V. (2015). Environmental
parameters monitoring in precision agriculture using wireless sensor networks. Journal of cleaner
production, 88, 297-307.
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/
article/pii/S0959652614003916
Q2 Monitoring of environment
Greenhouse architecture of vegetable
Precision Agriculture
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Energy
Management Techniques
Problem: Reducing competitiveness of
the sector of agriculture  EU Common Agricultural Policy
 Precision Agriculture
6

Tools: Wireless Sensor Network
Architecture
Architecture of Wireless Sensor
Network
Applied Area: Precision agriculture
Goal: Strengthening the competitiveness
of the agricultural sector for
contributing to the protection of the
environment and in providing support
in job as well as growth in the areas
which are rural.
 Monitoring of Environment
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 EU Common Agricultural Policy Strengthening the competitiveness of the
agriculture of the sector of agriculture
N/A
2 Architecture of Wireless Sensor Network Green house of vegetables and achieving
cultivation which will be scientific.
N/A
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Precision Agriculture Wireless Sensor Networks
Competitiveness EU Common Agricultural Policy
7

Environment friendly methods of farming Agricultural Policy
Vegetable Greenhouse Architecture of Wireless Sensor Network
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
Stored data
Collected data
Real time data
Optimizing
strategies and
control development
for the production
of cost
Studying variability
which is inter-
temporal of the
impacts of
environment
Serve as a basis for
strategy
development for the
optimization of
energy use on farms
The EU Common Agricultural Policy aims at
strengthening the agricultural sector’s
competitiveness for promoting innovation and
in contributing for the protection of
environment and in supporting jobs. The
architecture of WSN is utilized for the
greenhouse of vegetable which helps in
achieving cultivation which will be scientific
and the cost of management is also lowered to
a great extent from the aspect of the monitoring
of the environment.
Only the advantages are described, what may
happen due to the poor utilization of new
technologies such as WSN is not properly
mentioned.
8

(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
The competitiveness of the agricultural sector
has been improved and environment will be
protected. Greenhouse of the vegetables is
possible. This has been possible due to the
EU Common Agricultural Policy and WSN
architecture.
Environment is protected and there is an
improvement in the competitiveness of the
sector of agriculture.
Research about the architecture of WSN and
the particular policy has helped a lot in
obtaining the goals.
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Van Zanten, B. T., Verburg, P. H., Espinosa, M., Gomez-y-Paloma, S., Galimberti, G., Kantelhardt, J., ... & Raggi, M. (2014). European
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agricultural landscapes, common agricultural policy and ecosystem services: a review. Agronomy for sustainable development, 34(2), 309-325.
Mulla, D. J. (2013). Twenty five years of remote sensing in precision agriculture: Key advances and remaining knowledge gaps. Biosystems
engineering, 114(4), 358-371.
Citation that will be in the content
(Van Zanten et al., 2014)
(Mulla, 2013)
3
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Ferentinos, K. P., Katsoulas, N., Tzounis, A., Bartzanas, T., & Kittas, C. (2017). Wireless sensor
networks for greenhouse climate and plant condition assessment. Biosystems engineering, 153, 70-81.
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://www.sciencedirect.com/
science/article/pii/S1537511016302847
Q2 Heterogeneity of Climate
Measurements based upon plants
Precision agriculture
Control of Climate
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Problem: Lack of accuracy in conditions Prototype of WSN
10

Measurements for spatially
distributed environment.
Wireless Sensor Networks
Distributed System of Monitoring
Tools: Wireless Sensor Networks
Applied Area: Climate of several
regions within a greenhouse and
productivity
of greenhouse
Goal: Detailed climate representation at
several regions within a greenhouse and
investigating the effects of the
environmental conditions to the
reliability of the operation of the
network.
Measurements of environment at the plant level
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Measurements of environment which are
distributed spatially
Creates precise as well as detailed climatic
representation within greenhouse
N/A
2 Distributed Monitoring System Commercial greenhouse N/A
3 WSN prototype Investigates the effects the conditions of
environment to the reliability of operation
of the network and performance assess.
N/A
4
5
11

Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Climate within greenhouse Wireless Sensor Network
Assessment of plant conditions Wireless Sensor Network
Spatial variability in temperature Measurements of WSN
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
Spatially distributed
measurements of
environment at the
level of plant and
WSN
Assessment of
greenhouse and
condition of plant
A precise representation of climate at several
regions within a greenhouse has been created
by several measurements of environment which
are distributed spatially and shows how
heterogeneity of climate can cause several
significant differences in yield. Monitoring
system which is distributed is formed with the
use of WSN in a greenhouse which is
commercial.
How several problems related to the
production of crop arises are not well
described. Only the prevention has been
depicted. Several issues which arises related
to the quality of sensing of WSN is not well
described.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
12

What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Several environmental measures are
undertaken at the plant level for creating
climatic representation at several regions
within a greenhouse and a WSN prototype
has been developed for investing the effects
of conditions of environment.
There is a significant variability which will be
spatial in both temperature as well as humidity
with differences up to 3.3 degrees and about
9% of humidity as well as transpiration.
Research has helped a lot in delivering a
detailed climatic representation at several
regions within a greenhouse and an
appropriate analysis has been made based
upon the measurements of WSN.
Diagram/Flowchart
13

Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Pinsky, M. L., Worm, B., Fogarty, M. J., Sarmiento, J. L., & Levin, S. A. (2013). Marine taxa track local climate velocities. Science, 341(6151),
1239-1242.
Richardson, A. D., Keenan, T. F., Migliavacca, M., Ryu, Y., Sonnentag, O., & Toomey, M. (2013). Climate change, phenology, and
phenological control of vegetation feedbacks to the climate system. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 169, 156-173.
Citation that will be in the content
(Pinsky et al., 2013)
(Richardson et al., 2013)
4
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Nurellari, E., & Srivastava, S. (2019). A Practical Implementation of an Agriculture Field Monitoring
using Wireless Sensor Networks and IoT Enabled.
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/33702/
Q2 Wireless sensor network
IoT for agriculture
LoRaWAN
Fading
14

Energy efficiency
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Energy
efficient WSN, Learn and Adapt
Algorithm
Tools:IoT, LoRaWAN
Applied Area: Large ROI, Life time
of WSN
Problem: Decrement in the lifetime of
WSN and lack of monitoring a large
region of interest.
Goal: Maximising the WSN’s lifetime
and provide a monitoring of a large
ROI.
 IoT
 LoRaWAN
 WNS
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Utilization of SNs Monitoring a large ROI and reporting of
the statistics of test to the centre of fusion
over a fading channel which is wireless.
N/A
2 Utilisation of LoRaWAN Maximising the WSN’s lifetime and
enabling long communication range with
minimal transmittal of power.
N/A
3 Effective large ROI Monitoring the minimal number of SN’s N/A
15

4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Monitoring large ROI SNs
Maximising the life time of WSN LoRaWAN
Monitoring SN’s ROI
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
SNS, Energy
Efficient WSN,
LoRaWAN
Monitoring of a
large region of
interest, reporting
test statistics to FC,
maximising the
Monitoring large region of interest and test
statistics are to be tested and reported to the FC
over a fading channel which will be wireless.
Maximisation of the lifetime of WSN and
communication which is based on long range is
to be proposed by the adoption of LoRaWAN.
Several challenging problems are associated
with the design of WSN which are not
described.
16

lifetime of WSN
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Sensor nodes are asked for monitoring large
region of interest and test statistics are tested
and reported to the FC over a fading channel
which will be wireless. Lifetime of WSN has
been maximized and communication which is
based on long range is proposed by the
adoption of LoRaWAN.
A large ROI and reporting of the statistics of
test to the centre of fusion has been monitored
over a fading channel which is wireless.
WSN’s lifetime is maximised and long
communication range is enabled with minimal
transmittal of power.
An energy efficient WSN has been monitored
as well as mapped appropriately in the
research. A simple algorithm has been
proposed which is efficient in transmitting SN
power reduction.
Diagram/Flowchart
17

Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Mohanraj, I., Ashokumar, K., & Naren, J. (2016). Field monitoring and automation using IOT in agriculture domain. Procedia Computer
Science, 93, 931-939.
18

Pantazis, N. A., Nikolidakis, S. A., & Vergados, D. D. (2013). Energy-efficient routing protocols in wireless sensor networks: A survey. IEEE
Communications surveys & tutorials, 15(2), 551-591.
Citation that will be in the content
(Mohanraj, Ashokumar & Naren, 2016)
(Pantazis, Nikolidakis & Vergados, 2013)
5
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Song, J. J., & Zhu, Y. L. (2014). Environment monitoring system for precise agriculture based on
wireless sensor network. In Applied Mechanics and Materials (Vol. 475, pp. 127-131). Trans Tech
Publications.
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/
6117391
Q2 precise agriculture
monitoring of environment
wireless sensor networks
CC2430
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Problem: Lack of prospects of  WSN
19

Traditional Monitoring Techniques
Tools: Wireless Sensor Networks
Applied Area:
application which are broad and lack of
monitoring in case of modern
agriculture
Goal: Providing a guarantee for
achieving accurate as well as remote
monitoring of environmental
information of agriculture
 GPRS network
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Environmental monitoring for the modern
agriculture
WSNs N/A
2 Presenting real time system of monitoring Implications of software
Achievement of a proper monitoring of the
environmental information of agriculture.
N/A
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
20

Monitoring based upon real time ZigBee WSN and network of GPRS
Monitoring for agriculture which will be modern WSN
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
Real time
monitoring system
based upon ZigBee
WSN and network
of GPRS
Hardware design of
the sensor node
which is wireless
and implications of
software for
achieving proper
monitoring.
Wireless sensors are seen to be utilized mostly
in the environmental monitoring field for
agriculture which is modern and with the help
of ZigBee WSN and the network of GPRS, a
remote monitoring has been possible.
Any chance of risks which may arise by the
use of ZigBee WSN has not be described.
Only the advantages are highlighted in details.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Remotely system of monitoring, Low power The research has been capable of promoting
21

Proper environmental monitoring has been
possible by the utilization of two main
features which are mainly ZigBee WSN and
GRPS network.
consumption, High precision, Reliability of the
production of crop
environmental monitoring especially in severe
tough conditions of environment. The paper
has implemented a remotely monitoring
system of the environment of agriculture
dependent upon sensor networks which are
wireless.
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Dieffenderfer, J., Goodell, H., Mills, S., McKnight, M., Yao, S., Lin, F., ... & Zhu, Y. (2016). Low-power wearable systems for continuous
monitoring of environment and health for chronic respiratory disease. IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics, 20(5), 1251-1264.
Groult, X. (2013). U.S. Patent No. 8,452,506. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Citation that will be in the content
Dieffenderfer et al., 2016
(Groult, 2013)
22

6
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Wei, X. (2016). The Design and Completion of Remote Data Monitoring Based on ZigBee Wireless
Sensor Network. International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE), 12(10), 18-23.
Citation that will be in the content (Wei, 2016)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-
joe/article/view/6200
Q2 ZigBee
Wireless sensor network
Router Node
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: ZigBee
Technology
Tools: WSN
Applied Area: Establishment of WSN
Problem: Lack of testing of WSN
Goal: Establishment as well as test of
wireless sensor network using the
technology of ZigBee
ZigBee
Router Node
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
23

Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Learning the working principle of the
technology of ZigBee
Establishment as well as test of WSN with
the help of the technology
N/A
2 Operational Process of the Corordinator
node
Maintains operations of two networks with
the functions which are self-organizing.
N/A
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Establishment of WSN Technology of ZigBee
Integration of the design of remote monitoring of data Technology of ZigBee
Operations of two networks with self-organizing functions Operational Process of the Corordinator node
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
24

Why (Justify) research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
ZigBee Technology
implementation
WSN establishment
and Designing of
remote data
monitoring
Working principle of the technology of ZigBee
is learned for using this technology in
designing data monitoring which will be
remote and also analyzes the WSN’s network
dependent upon the technology of ZigBee.
Advantages of the technology of ZigBee is
only described. Any disadvatages of utilising
such a technology in promoting remote
monitoring of data is not described.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
WSN will be established and designing of
remote monitoring of data will be done by the
use of the technology of ZigBee.
ZigBee is a newly developed technology which
comprises of a number of advantages which are
very unique. Using this technology WSN has
been established and there is also a remote
monitoring of data.
This paper has been able to design a small
WSN and also offered a design method and all
prospects of applications are analysed by
using instances which are practical.
Diagram/Flowchart
25

Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Batista, N. C., Melício, R., Matias, J. C. O., & Catalão, J. P. S. (2013). Photovoltaic and wind energy systems monitoring and building/home
energy management using ZigBee devices within a smart grid. Energy, 49, 306-315.
Cuomo, F., Abbagnale, A., & Cipollone, E. (2013). Cross-layer network formation for energy-efficient IEEE 802.15. 4/ZigBee Wireless Sensor
Networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 11(2), 672-686.
Citation that will be in the content
(Batista et al., 2013)
(Cuomo et al., 2013)
26

7
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Cao-hoang, T., & Duy, C. N. (2017, April). Environment monitoring system for agricultural
application based on wireless sensor network. In 2017 Seventh International Conference on
Information Science and Technology (ICIST)(pp. 99-102). IEEE.
Citation that will be in the content (Cao-hoang & Duy, 2017)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/
7926499
Q2 Environment monitoring system
Wireless Sensor Network
Node-RED
MQTT.
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Internet
of Things
Tools: WSN, Node-RED
Applied Area: Agriculture
Problem: Lack of efficient monitoring of
environmental data for agriculture.
Goal: Propose a system architecture of
IoT which will be based upon WSN for
the applications of agriculture.
 WSN
 Node-RED
 IoT
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
27

Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Use of IoT Agricultural applications
2 Use of WSN Monitoring environmental data for
agriculture
3 Use of Web Browser Environmental data monitoring
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Applications of agriculture IoT
Proper monitoring of environmental data WSN and Web Browser
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
28

(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
IoT based upon
WSN
Monitoring of
environmental data
IoT architecture has been proposed depended
upon the WSN for several applications of
agriculture. The system also comprises of
nodes of sensor as well as a gateway for
allowing the users in monitoring environmental
data especially for agriculture.
There is no process described for the
development of a cloud platform for
agriculture which can be used for integrating
analysing of data as well as process of
prediction.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Environmental data is to be monitored with
the help of the architecture of IoT based upon
WSN and the system will also comprise of
sensor nodes and a gateway.
The system is expected to be applied in
different types of applications upon agriculture.
This study has been capable of applying a
WSN in the implementation of a system for
monitoring in the area of agriculture which is
seen to be contributed by both the gateway as
well the sensor nodes.
Diagram/Flowchart
29

Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Abbasi, A. Z., Islam, N., & Shaikh, Z. A. (2014). A review of wireless sensors and networks' applications in agriculture. Computer Standards &
30

Interfaces, 36(2), 263-270.
Awasthi, A., & Reddy, S. R. N. (2013). Monitoring for precision agriculture using wireless sensor network-a review. Global Journal of
Computer Science and Technology.
Citation that will be in the content
(Abbasi, Islam & Shaikh, 2014)
(Awasthi & Reddy, 2013)
8
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Cabaccan, C. N., Cruz, F. R. G., & Agulto, I. C. (2017, December). Wireless sensor network for
agricultural environment using raspberry pi based sensor nodes. In 2017IEEE 9th International
Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control,
Environment and Management (HNICEM) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
Citation that will be in the content (Cabaccan, Cruz & Agulto, 2017).
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/
8269427/
Q2 Wireless Sensor Network
Agricultural Monitoring
Agriculture
Sensor
Raspberry Pi
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Decision
algorithm, Regulator Algorithm
Problem: Presence of inefficient
management of farming
31

Tools: Sensors, WSN, Raspberry Pi
Applied Area: Farming
Goal: Obtaining a domain for efficient
management of farming and in
providing an accurate platform for a
reliable WSN system of monitoring
WSN
Raspberry Pi
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Utilising WSN in the domain of agriculture Management of efficient farming N/A
2 Applying the system of network Monitoring of agricultural environment N/A
3 Utilising Raspberry Pi Development of reliable WSN system of
monitoring
N/A
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Efficient farming management WSN
Agricultural environment monitoring Network System
Development of reliable and low-expense WSN Raspberry Pi
32

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
WSN, Network
System, Sensors,
Raspberry Pi
Perfect platform for
low cost WSN
system of
monitoring
WSN in the domain of agriculture is used for
an efficient management of farming and
Raspberry Pi has been utilized as a main
component in designing nodes of sensors which
will help in providing appropriate platform for
a reliable system of monitoring.
Risks which may arise due to the utilisation
of Raspberry Pi has not described which must
also be known along with all the advantages
provided by it.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Efficient farming management has been
developed and an appropriate platform has
been developed which provides a low-
expense WSN monitoring system.
A WSN is successfully developed and is also
deployed for monitoring all three important
factors in the environment of agriculture which
includes light, humidity and temperature by
utilising Raspberry Pi as the nodes of sensor.
This research has been capable of filling all
the goals which it has intended to fulfill.
Diagram/Flowchart
33

Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Yu, X., Wu, P., Han, W., & Zhang, Z. (2013). A survey on wireless sensor network infrastructure for agriculture. Computer Standards &
Interfaces, 35(1), 59-64.
Mendez, G. R., & Mukhopadhyay, S. C. (2013). A Wi-Fi based smart wireless sensor network for an agricultural environment. In Wireless
Sensor Networks and Ecological Monitoring (pp. 247-268). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Citation that will be in the content
34

(Yu et al., 2013)
(Mendez & Mukhopadhyay, 2013)
9
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Anisi, M. H., Abdul-Salaam, G., & Abdullah, A. H. (2015). A survey of wireless sensor network
approaches and their energy consumption for monitoring farm fields in precision
agriculture. Precision Agriculture, 16(2), 216-238.
Citation that will be in the content (Anisi, Abdul-Salaam & Abdullah, 2015).
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://link.springer.com/article/10.100
7/s11119-014-9371-8
Q2 Wireless sensor network
Consumption of energy
Topologies
Power source
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: WSN
algorithm
TDMA-based algorithm
Problem:
Goal: Classify as well as describe the
WSN
35

Tools: WSN
Applied Area: State of art of WSN
and consumption of energy
WSN’s state of art and analyse the
consumption of energy depending upon
the sources of power
PA
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Use of WSN Collection of needed data from several
interest regions for the usages which are
intended in several applications
N/A
2 Utilising an approach of WSN Extending period of time needed for
monitoring fields
N/A
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Management of farm PA
Monitoring fields of agriculture WSN
36

Extending time period for monitoring fields Approach of WSN
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
PA, WSN
Farm Management,
Field Monitoring
PA or precision agriculture is used for the
management of farm and it needs acquisition as
well as processing of huge amount of data from
the fields of farms, WSN helps in monitoring
fields of agriculture and the energy
consumption of the state of art of WSN has
been analy
Several issues related to the precision
agriculture are not provided in details within
the research.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Efficient farm management is promoted and
an efficient monitoring has been possible
because of PA and WSN.
A WSN is a monitoring technique which is
considered to be very efficient for the use in
precision agriculture,
This paper comprises of the state of art of
WSN which has been both discussed as well
as reviewed. All the goals have been achieved
perfectly.
37

Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Rault, T., Bouabdallah, A., & Challal, Y. (2014). Energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks: A top-down survey. Computer Networks, 67,
104-122.
Singh, S. P., & Sharma, S. C. (2015). A survey on cluster based routing protocols in wireless sensor networks. Procedia computer science, 45,
687-695.
38

Citation that will be in the content
(Rault, Bouabdallah & Challal, 2014)
(Singh & Sharma, 2015)
10
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Zhou, Y., Xie, Y., & Shao, L. (2016). Simulation of the Core Technology of a Greenhouse-Monitoring
System Based on a Wireless Sensor Network. International Journal of Online Engineering, 12(5).
Citation that will be in the content (Zhou, Xie & Shao, 2016).
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-
joe/article/view/5735
Q2 Greenhouse monitoring
Heterogeneous Network
WSN
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: ZigBee
Technology
Problem: Problems in solving the
structure of topology of the monitoring
system of the environment of
greenhouse.
 WSN
 ZigBee
39

Tools: ZigBee WSn
Applied Area: Green House
Monitoring
Goal: Control of greenhouse
temperature as well as humidity
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Greenhouse system of monitoring based
upon ZigBee coordinator of network
Solving the topology structure of the
monitoring system of greenhouse
environment
N/A
2 Use of Microcontroller unit Send and receive data N/A
3 Utilising circuit which is inter-integrated Data from both temperature as well as
sensors of humidity is collected
N/A
4 Utilising WSN Greenhouse environment monitoring N/A
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Solving topology structure of the greenhouse monitoring
system of environment
ZigBee WSN
Wireless transceiver module sends and receives data Microcontroller unit PIC18F4620CC2420
40

Greenhouse monitoring WSN
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
ZigBee WSN
Solving the
topology structure
of the monitoring
system of
greenhouse
environment
The topology structure of the monitoring
system of greenhouse environment has been
obtained by the ZigBee WSN and data from
both temperature as well as sensors of humidity
is collected with the help of ZigBee
transmission of network and greenhouse
monitoring is facilitated by WSN
Disadvantages associated with use of ZigBee
WSN has not been described.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
It has been seen that topology structure of the
monitoring system of greenhouse
environment as well as the joint’s ductility
can be solved with the use of ZigBee WSN
and it has been shown how WSNs help in
Efficient methods as well as convenience
obtained by the development of science and
technology and Greenhouse has been
considered as one of the most important
symbols of modern agriculture.
The research has been capable of fulfilling of
all the goals and further research will be done
upon all the risks which are associated with
modern agriculture.
41

greenhouse monitoring of environment.
Diagram/Flowchart
42

Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
43

(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Gao, L., Zhang, M., & Chen, G. (2013). An intelligent irrigation system based on wireless sensor network and fuzzy control. Journal of
Networks, 8(5), 1080.
Shaikh, F. K., Zeadally, S., & Exposito, E. (2017). Enabling technologies for green internet of things. IEEE Systems Journal, 11(2), 983-994.
Citation that will be in the content
(Gao, Zhang & Chen, 2013)
(Shaikh, Zeadally & Exposito, 2017).
44