Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1 TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1 1.1: Relevant theories to support structure and system used for user....................................1 1.2: What type of care plan would be effective for user and justification..............................3 TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6 2.1: Analyse and describe how you could carry out work in implementation of care plan.. .6 TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8 3.1: Evaluate what has and what hasn't worked while implementation.................................8 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9 REFERENCS.................................................................................................................................10
INTRODUCTION Service user is the one who regularly takes health and social care services so that smooth functioning of life would be attain(Schnase and et. al., 2017)Beside this, care plan refers to step by step activities which service user must implement in their life so that disability would be reduced to a certain level. Whole report is related to Katy Tyler who has been suffering from learning disabilities and usage of wheelchair. Overview of the case study would be given with the role and responsibilities of care taker with the explanation of it. Besides this, care plan would be developed for the patients. At last, reason behind failure or success of the care plan of services user would be elaborated. TASK 1 1.1: Relevant theories to support structure and system used for user Overview Whole case study is about Katy Tyler who lives in Dorset and has been facing various obstacles in her life like learning disabilities, complex heath issues, usage of wheelchair to walk, food is provided with the help of gastric PEG feeding tube, finds difficulty in expressing their feeling etc. She has attended a day centre but Katy was facing hard time to spend at that place as no one is able to understand what she is saying and misinterpreted as an epileptic seizure due to which she prefers to sleep around the corner of the day centre. Katy has no social life as she could not perform even a single activity without taking help of others which makes her frustrated sometimes and family member or careers also. It must be essential for individual as well as care taker to plan accordingly as chances of getting side effects of making care plan is high due to sensitive health of the service user. To make concise and effective care day plan, Social model of health and social care must be use which is mentioned below with functional examples of it, Social Model It is a framework which assists in improving the health and well being of a person by directing the actions towards determinants of the health(Bee and et. al., 2015). It spells out that health of an individual is directly linked with the interpersonal relationship, social and other factors of the person. It has a deepen effect on the health and mental position of a person without knowing them. So in other words, it can be said that health is dependent on the interrelationship 1
between body, mind and society where individual is living. There are five principles of social health and social care model which should be considered by caretaker at the time of care plan is explain below with functional examples, Reduce social inequality:It refers to intensity of which individual or patient is social to other people in the same society. It includes various determinants like discrimination on the basis of gender, caste, religion, bullying etc(Batalden and et. al., 2016). For instance, if any individual has stammering disabilities then bullying by the friends might leads to person into depression which leads to negative health. In other example, if any person has been boycotted by the society then it will have a unfavourable impact in the life of an individual as chances of getting High BP, rage of revenge etc. So care taker must try to identify problem which have been faced by the patients before writing it as eradicating it will leads to free from disability. ï‚·Empower individual:Individual health will surely deteriorates if they feel that they are dependent to other person and would not have will to take positive decision. So in this case, care taken should try to identify various things which patients wants to do but could not do become of their disability and then motivate them to do on their own. It will motivate patients confidence which might enhance their conditions to a certain level (Rourke and et. al., 2004). ï‚·Easy access to health care:Every individual has the rights to attain access to health care in respect of their place, creed, religion, class etc. For instance, person who counts in low class people should also get access to healthcare as compare to the rich community. So care taker role is to find out the methods and ways which could help the patients to get back to in normal while considering the budget of client. ï‚·Broader determinants:It includes factors like social factor, environmental factor, gender, norms and culture of an individual etc. For instance, those people who regularly baked their food with their help of wooden has high chances of getting lung cancer as they have already intake high amount of lethal substance in their body (10 Foods That Are Tied Directly to Cancer, 2019). Care taker work is to find out the history of the patients so that reason behind the disability would be find out and then care plan is made accordingly. 2
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1.2: What type of care plan would be effective for user and justification Care plan states the activities which a patients’ needs to comply with if they want to enhance their personal health(Johnson and et. al., 2015). Main purpose of care plan is stated below, To promote highest quality of health and social care services by using evidence base learning. Apart from this, care plan also provide holistic care to the patients as whole human being is considered while making it like physiological conditions, social issues, strengths and weakness of individual etc. To record and analyse the impact of care plan to the health of the patients with the aim of reducing the negative effect of disability on an individual. To provide continues mental and psychological support so that anxiety or frustration would be removed which ends up at enhancing well being of patients (5 Steps to Writing a Nursing Care Plan, 2019). Various points which needs to be considered while making care plan is given below, Nursing diagnosis Importanceof diagnosis OutcomeInterventionEvaluation Katyhas difficultyin expressing their views on anythingdue tohesitation. Besidesthis, shehas difficultyin speakingdue toslow transferof stimuli. Itmustbe importantto stopthisasit wouldthen make the body moreslow whilereceiving signals from the brainwhich could be fatal in future. It assist her tomake conversation withher knownand peopleat daycentre sothatshe doesnot needto sleep around the corner at day centre. Itcouldbe removed through reading comprehension loud as it would make the nerve activeagain.It willleadsto betterfluency while speaking. Fluencydependson the individualwordsper minutespeaking capabilities.Soatthe intervalofonemonth, speed and fluency of Katy will be check and analyse. Main target is to makes Katyinterpersonalskills backtonormalsothat they can again start their social life like going to movieswithher friends and family. ItishardforLoosingItwouldMemoryisFrequencyofKaty 3
Katyto remember anything as she islosingher capabilitiesof learning due to whichshe cannot remember anythingor anyone sometimes. memoryfora longer period of timeispainful for the patients astheyget through various difficultieslike hallucinations, drowsiness, compulsive behavioursetc. Soduetothis reason it should reducedtoa certain level so thatKatycan live a life like a normal person. helpherto remember things whichshe could not in thepast. Moreover, directlylinked withthe individual brain sotheaimof this is to make thebrain strongeragain so that Katy can remember thingswhich shecannotin the past. Mental exerciseslike theentire mathematics problem will be solvedinthe mind so that she canremember thingsfora shorterperiod oftime. Cooking classes would be shown to Katy and then shehaveto makethefood accordingly. She might have probleminthe beginning but it forgettingthingswould be note down by me so that it can be analysed by making graph. 4
turns out to be in the Katy side in future. Katyremains frustrated very times as those whodidnot know her does not understanding whatsheis sayingdueto whichher sociallifehas ended partially. Frustration keepsthe motivation whichendsup atmaking person depressed whichis unhealthyfor human being. Shecould alsotake anypart timejobor visitday centreso thather mother would again able to work as a teacher. Caretaker will take her out on a daily basis so thatshewon’t beshockedat thetimeof going out after a longer period of time. Herbehaviourstowards other will be the way of finding out the well being of Katy. Katyis immobilein natureasshe useswheel chairtoroam aroundthe house. Regular uses of wheelchairwill makeperson muscleweek duetowhich she could not be abletowalk properly in the future. It will make herlife more socially connected asthenit would possiblefor Katyto meettheir friendsand familyat movieor shopping. Legexercise should be done byKatythree times a day as it willmakethe legsstronger andhealthier. Uses of crutches aremandatory as it will make herlegs movablein nature. It would be evaluated by measuringand monitoring the way Katy walks or how much time she could walk alone. 5
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TASK 2 2.1: Analyse and describe how you could carry out work in implementation of care plan APIE framework i.e., assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation is very effective in nature as it spills out the activities which needs to be practiced by patients according to its priority (Richardson, Percy and Hughes, 2015). Main aim of using this framework is to plan the activities according to patients’ capabilities so that she would be able to perform their task with maximum potential. How a care taken could implement this framework while caring Katy is given below, In the assessment stage, identification of the problem and reason behind it is identified by the carer so that next step would be done accordingly. Every activity of Katy is recorded and then analyse by the expert so that real problem would be find out. For instance, if she is not recognising their friends then care taker work is to find out how often it occurs and why it happened. In planning stage, care plan will be developed on the basis of assessment stage while considering Katy’s strengths and weakness. For instance, if she is good in calculating math problems then activity would be conducted in which entire calculation will be done without writing it. Implementationstageisvariouscrucialasplanismadethroughpredictingthe environment in the future. For instance, if Katy is not able to walk with the help of crutches then role of the care taker is to find out other ways through which she can walk or make her legs stronger. In evaluation phase, all her activities would be recorded time to time and then analyse it in the last so that final result be find out. If any of the activities decided for her failed then again new care plan will be made. Empowerment model of health and social care Health Empowerment refers to provide more power and authority to a person to control over health and social needs according to their disabilities (Pinkerton and McCrea, 2018). It has two aspects on which care taker and Katy should think about which is mentioned below, More authority It is those elements which individual prefers to have more power like selection of equipments used by the patients (Jones and et. al., 2009). For instance, if Katy is not comfortable 6
with using crutches while walking then practionor and care taker should replace it and try to find out new equipments which would satisfy the unmet needs and demands of Katy. Other factor is psychological needs of individual, for instance if Katy prefers to eat specific type of food then taker must allow her to do so as if they does not then Katy would become frustrated which might affect her health in a negative way. Last but the most important factor is social need of the patients must be fulfil all the time (Parker, Corden and Heaton, 2011). For instance, if Katy does not like to interact with her care taker then her family should remove them and try to contact with agency to have taker in the house. Less authority There are some areas which patient does not prefer to have control with like social issues. For instance, it’s the decision of the taker and family to find out the best way of travelling her to day care or hospitals. Roles and responsibilities perform by the care taker is explained below, Main work of the care taker is to make the time table of the patients according to the prescription given by the doctor as each and every medication is compulsory to provide on time. Apart from this, exercise table chart is also essential for patients like Katy as it will help her to be healthy and fit (Wallcraft and et. al., 2011). It would be important to have to be flexible and strong as care taker is supposed to help patients to perform their exercise. For instance, if Katy wants to go out for errand then it’s the duty of taker to prepare her and take her out so that Katy won’t get frustrated. It is important to identify various equipments in the kitchen which is harmful for the person who is suffering from any kind of disability. For instance, the gas pipe should be close at the time of not using it if Katy forgets to pull it off then it can damage her health in a negative way. Apart from this, things which is used by her on a daily basis like toothbrush, water, foods etc should be placed in reach of her as if care taker is not at home then it would be hard for her to get it as she could not stand by her own. So responsibility of care taker is to set the home according to the patients. The most essential role played by the taker is companionship to the needy person. They provide basic facilities like monitoring health and activities of the patients so that it would be noted down for the care plan. For instance, if Katy needs to take their drugs for 7
epilepsy at specific time then taker should provide at that time as it is important to give medicine timely. TASK 3 3.1: Evaluate what has and what hasn't worked while implementation My work is to fulfil all the needs and demands of the patient so that she can live her life smoothly but there are some circumstances which has make the care plan wrong which are mentioned below, ï‚·Main role of crutches is to provide support to the disable person so that they can walk on their own. So I thought that it would be better to give Katy give equipment so that she left the wheel chair as it making her weak. But i failed because she could not able to hold her weight on the crutches. ï‚·To enhance her capabilities of memory, my plan of mathematical calculation idea and cooking classes succeeded as it is one of our interest of field due to which she has been able to concentrate on it. Gibs reflective style Gib's reflective cycle was given by Graham Gibbs in the year 1988. The model was developed for the purpose of giving appropriate structure to the learning of individual which have been gained by them throughout their experience. This model is based on various stages which successful give appropriate path to individual to express their learning effectively which every next step. With reference to the present case scenario all of these stages of Gibbs reflective model have been stated as below: Description: The present assignment is completely based on a case study of a girl names as Katty.A 24 year old girl who has been suffering from various problems like learning disability, use wheelchair, epilepsy etc. Due to this she could not be able to socialise with their friends and family due to which she become frustrated.Here, my role was to identify certain solution for Katty which would be beneficial for Katty. Feelings: At the starting stage of this project I was very nervous as its difficult for me understand whole scenario and find out feasible solutions for them. Evaluation: At this, it can be said thatI placed my 100 percent efforts to identify best suitable solutions for Katty's health condition. 8
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Conclusion: From overall evaluation, it has been analysed by that my overall learning experience was good as I have successfully identified that Katty can overcome her maximum of problems by keeping written records of regular based activities. Apart from this, Action: Mathematical problem is provided to her whom she needs to do without using of pen and paper. It makes her memory strong and sharp so that learning disability would be reduced to a certain level. To resolve this, there are many ways through which i can resolve her problem like uses crutches and exercise to make her leg strong so that she would able to walk on crutches. Motto of the whole social care is to make her independent so that Katy would live their life on her own terms. 9
CONCLUSION From the above report it can be concluded that health of an individual is directly lined with the outside factors which they are facing on a regular basis. They should try to avoid any unhealthy activities which might harm their body as it leads to disability in the future. Proper day planning is important for patients as it makes the routine smoothly for them which ends up at enhancing motivation and self dependency. Carer, hospitals and care taker should try to identify the reason behind disability of an individual as then only suitable methods and approach will be made for them so that they can live their life on their own. 10
REFERENCS Books and Journals Schnase and et. al., 2017. MERRA analytic services: Meeting the big data challenges of climate science through cloud-enabled climate analytics-as-a-service.Computers, Environment and Urban Systems. 61. pp.198-211. Bee and et. al., 2015. Systematic synthesis of barriers and facilitators to service user-led care planning. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 207(2). pp.104-114. Batalden and et. al., 2016. Coproduction of healthcare service. BMJ Qual Saf. 25(7). pp.509-517. Johnson and et. al., 2015. For many patients who use large amounts of health care services, the need is intense yet temporary. Health Affairs. 34(8). pp.1312-1319. Richardson, C., Percy, M. and Hughes, J., 2015. Nursing therapeutics: teaching student nurses care, compassion and empathy. Nurse Education Today. 35(5). pp.e1-e5. Pinkerton, J. and McCrea, R., 2018. Meeting the Challenge?: Young People Leaving Care in Northern Ireland. Routledge. Jones and et. al., 2009. Illness careers and continuity of care in mental health services: a qualitative study of service users and carers. Social science & medicine. 69(4). pp.632-639. Wallcraftandet.al.,2011.Partnershipsforbettermentalhealthworldwide:WPA recommendations on best practices in working with service users and family carers. World psychiatry. 10(3). pp.229-236. Parker, G., Corden, A. and Heaton, J., 2011. Experiences of and influences on continuity of care for service users and carers: synthesis of evidence from a research programme. Health & Social Care in the Community. 19(6). pp.576-601. Rourke and et. al., 2004. Satisfaction with living arrangements of older adults with intellectual disability: service users’ and carers’ views. Journal of Learning Disabilities. 8(1). pp.12-29. Online 5StepstoWritingaNursingCarePlan.2019.[Online].AvailableThrough: <https://www.nrsng.com/writing-nursing-care-plan/> 10FoodsThatAreTiedDirectlytoCancer.2019.[Online].AvailableThrough: <https://www.rd.com/health/healthy-eating/foods-tied-directly-to-cancer/> 11
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