Tourism Destination Competitiveness

This assignment explores the complex landscape of tourism destination competitiveness. It delves into various aspects, including determinant attributes for competitiveness, brand architecture management, the role of social networks in destination choice, and the impact of mega-sport events on tourist arrivals. Furthermore, it analyzes how perceptions of sustainability and place image influence resident and visitor attitudes towards a destination.

Tourist Destination

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK...............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Tourist destinations and generators of the world..................................................................1
1.2 Predictions for future trends..................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Social, cultural and other features in respect of tourist destination......................................5
2.2 Features of developing and leading tourist destinations.......................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
Covered in PPT...........................................................................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
4.1 Issues affecting the demand of tourist choice.......................................................................8
4.2 Potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community.......................................9
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Travel and tourism is a sector which is growing with a very good speed as demand in this
sector is rising from last few years. There are distinct reason behind why there is continuous
growth in this behind which the major reason is the development which is taking place in the
transportation and other associated facilities. Apart from this the other factors that led to the
increment of this industry is the advancement in the technology. When an individual decide to
travel the first thing which comes to the mind is to which place should be selected as the
destination for travelling which is chosen on the basis of its attractions (Ahmad, 2013). Other
factor that contributes in selecting the destination is its characteristics, amenities and
accessibility. The destinations help in the growth of economy as tourism brings wealth along
with it. As far now Europe is considered as the best place to visit as it has various visiting spots
which are very beautiful that attracts maximum travellers towards them. Earlier places which
were rich in culture and heritage were preferred more to visit per with the change in generation
people like to visit places which gives them relaxation and help them in reducing their stress.
Trip Advisor is one of the biggest online site which helps tourists in choosing the right place to
travel. In the following report different destinations will be discussed which are on top and latest
trends of the tourism industry will also be elaborated in detail.
TASK
1.1 Tourist destinations and generators of the world
Tourism plays a significant role in the economy therefore places which has effective
tourist destination are considered to be more powerful. Contribution of travellers is noticeable in
the generation of employment, infrastructures revenue generation etc. the income earned by this
sector can be calculated by doing the summation of all revenue eared due to the employment
generated by this sector and than the expenditure done by various tourist during their stay in the
various parts of the world (Armenski and et.al., 2011). London in Europe market is as per now
considered as the most famous destinations as who so ever visits Europe wish to travel their also.
UK experiences maximum of tourists every year with having 28.1 million global travellers
which brings it on number 6 in the top ten tourists destinations. After this comes USA which has
30.4 billion tourists visiting internationally and makes it on seventh position. As per the statistics
of year 2011, France experienced a great number of tourism in that year. Around eight crore
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enjoyed stay in that country which made it in the top ten famous tourist destinations (Beritelli,
2011). Each of the discussed place has various beautiful destinations which has the capacity of
influencing visitors. In Bali it is observed that tourism has contributed in creating much of
employment as jobs of 58000 individuals is generated through this industry. 60 – 70% of total
economy of Bali is dependent on the tourism industry which is a remarkable amount.
Contribution of the same sector in the economy of UK is also inevitable as it is £ 61.9 billion
which is a big amount. Given below is the details of different tourists destinations along with
their ranking among themselves. With that information regarding the total number of tourists in
different period is also given which gives a more clear image of the popularity of each each
tourist spots.
Ranking Nation Places for
tourists
Visitors
number
in 2014
Visitors number
in 2013
Amount (USD
billion)
1. France Eiffel tower
Disneyland
Paris
Palace of
Versailles
The Louvre
Arc de
Triomphe
76.8
million
76.8 million 46.3
2 USA Walt
Disney
world
Empire
state
building
Glacier
59.7
million
55 million 103.5
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national
park
Magic
kingdom
3 German
y
Berlin
Cologne
Potsdam
Hamburg
Danube
26.9
million
24.2 million 34.7
4 United
Kingdo
m
Skye
London
Bath
York
Loch Ness
28.1
million
28.2 million 30.4
5 China Forbidden
city
Potala
palace
Temple of
heaven
The bund
Three
gorges
54
million
55.7 million 45.8
The above table shows that France experiences maximum tourism and USA gets the
major receipts from the travelling sector. It is seen that France is known for its rich architecture
and the latest trend of fashion which is being followed there from a long time (Crouch, 2011). It
attracts more and more of tourists and hence increases its overall demand.
1.2 Predictions for future trends
Amid a decade ago tourism has developed all around the globe and nations around the
globe are creating high measure of income through tourists exercises. Countries given in the
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chart above are among the real nations in charge of the tourism exercises. Investigating the
pattern of tourism in UK one might say that number of visitors are expanding step by step for
each of the visitor goal in UK. London is a standout amongst the most well known vacationer
goals in the given country with 16.7 million voyagers going by the city during the period of
2013. After this Edinburgh and Manchester with 14.2 million and 9.11 million travellers. The
significant purpose behind high number of sightseers in London is the accessibility of instructive
foundations, business areas and notable landmarks. Facilitate government in UK is supporting
the tourism exercises investigating the income produced and number of employments upheld by
tourism in UK (Datzira-Masip and Poluzzi, 2014). Promote with expanding spending energy of
buyers and way of life one might say that pattern of tourism is good in UK and there shall be
huge development in the discussed division of referred country.
In late time Olympics and Paralympics diversions have given as a noteworthy wellspring
of fascination for the sightseers visiting to UK. Comparable, occasions in future likewise would
assist keeping in mind the end goal to draw in huge number of vacationer in England.
Investigating the modern figures it can be predicted that London will have 32 million visitors
from which 18 million voyagers would be global point adding to high wellspring of outside
revenues. Investigating the real tourism creating markets it can be anticipated that in year 2018
Latin America will be the greatest industry with 9.5% of the offer took after by Asia Pacific with
the offer of 8.2%. In future duration Asia and Africa have advanced as significant tourism spot
where African nations are putting forth eco tourism and social tourism exercises. Asian nations,
for example, India, China etc. are being explored by the guests for their enhancement in
knowledge, legacy esteem and culture. It is observed that till now most of the travelling was also
taking place with an aim of establishing business connections which may now decline in the
coming time period (Di Pietro, Virgilio and Pantano, 2012). This is due to the reason that EU and
UK are separated which may have an unfavourable impact on the tourism. From the give above
table it can also be predicted that total number of visitors will increase in future due to the reason
that it is increasing every year and as the innovation and development is done on a continuous
basis it can be said that the living standard of various individual and society will rise which will
have a direct impact on tourism. Also with the continuous increase in the demand for tourism
industry it is expected that the employment rate will also increase as in order to raise the services
it is important to employ more and more individuals in this sector.
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TASK 2
2.1 Social, cultural and other features in respect of tourist destination.
Tourism is the important sector which is required to be expanded in every country. For
this the most popular place by which aim of tourism can be demonstrated is London which is
there in United Kingdom. There are various features due to which it is famous and it includes
beautiful theme based on river with the help of which more people are attracted. Other
characteristics in are different types of culture, physical, environmental, social, economical and
various others. By this whole industry will be affected and so they shall be taken into
consideration.
Various historical places are there which hold some or other study and people who visit
them are interested in listening about them. The other things for which they are known includes
arts, fashion, finance, media, food, health and professional administrations. Due to all these it is
possible to increase the tourism as people with different cultures will be attracted and by this
whole economy is gaining benefit (Fourie and Santana-Gallego, 2011). Weather conditions n this
place are favourable for whole year and this makes it a tourist spot for entire period. Economic
policies are also good which helps in operating all the operations in effective manner.
It is necessary that best services shall be provided to tourists and for this all the tools and
techniques which are available shall be used so that effective provision can be made and
popularity of place can be increased. As this is a developed nation so will be able to satisfy the
needs of all. All the required data is required to be transferred from person to another.
In order to develop tourism further, it is needed that relation among different nations shall
be maintained. For this they will have to make such policies which are common in all so that
there is no issue which is faced due to them. There are various attractive places which are
situated here and some of them are Tower of London, British Museum, Big Ban, Camden,
Ealing, Barnet, Bexley, Harrow and others. They are made in such a way that lot of people are
attracted to visit these places and this increase the overall tourism sector and also the revenue
which is earned with the help of this raise which helps in growing of nations economy. This has
also been noted that it is enhancing at continuous pace from past few years in London (Brouder,
and et. al., 2016).
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2.2 Features of developing and leading tourist destinations
In order to understand the difference between developing tourism and leading destination
it is better to do a comparative study so that each aspect can be better understood. To carry out
the comparison it is required to select different countries each from processing and leading
county. There are a number of destinations in both the countries which has the capacity to attract
visitors towards them and increase their demand in the tourism industry. Give below is the table
showing the difference in the two countries keeping its culture, social, physical and like features
as a base.
Basis Nepal United Kingdom
Social aspect The diversity of various social
background is less in this
country and they promote a
particular tradition (Bruwer,
and Joy, 2017). Most of the
population share same culture
and hence live happily
together.
It is entirely different from that
of Nepal. Social difference is
much high and people from
different social backgrounds
follow their own traditions and
live happily. Their economy is
rich as they accepts each
others culture with great
enthusiasm (Bruwer, Gross
and Lee, 2016).
Technology aspect Here comparatively less
advance equipments and code
of practices are utilised due to
the reason that they prefer
more using labour intensive
services instead of depending
on technology.
Here high tech code of conduct
is utilised which helps them in
providing great experience to
the visitors. More advance
technology supported services
are given to tourists which
further raise total satisfaction
of customers.
Economic features This country was highly
affected by the tragedy which
took place to the natural
The growth rate of UK is high.
This helps them in using the
latest services to attract their
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resources. It has a great impact
on the countries development.
customers and also an effective
control over the financial
assets is practised at this place
which further helps them in
growing.
Legal aspect Here more of criminal
activities are observed due to
having low supervision and
loose control of the legal
authorities.
Close monitoring over even
small transactions and
operations is kept. In order to
reduce crime strict laws are
being followed.
Environmental aspects This place is effected due to
the natural calamities like
earthquakes. In comparison to
UK natural disaster negative
impacts are observed more
here.
Here the surroundings are
pleasant and healthy. It is the
reason behind why more
people are attracted towards it.
Due to less or no natural
disaster risks it is a more
preferred destination for the
tourists.
Physical aspects There a number of spots which
are so beautiful that they can
attract the eye of visitors
towards them and can raise the
total tourism activity. Some of
them are Pokhara, Kathmandu,
Nagarkot, Patan etc.
Most of the places in UK are
so much famous that people
travel miles just to experience
the view of that particular site.
These tourists spots are well
maintained and I is ensured
that visitors do not find it
difficult to get the access of
that place.
Culture aspects Here the citizens of Nepal are
very much devoted towards
their culture and it act as a
It is a developing country with
having diverse culture people.
People are more adaptive in
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mode to attract tourists as most
of the tourist visit Nepal for its
high culture values and their
traditions.
nature and learn each others
culture and respect the same.
TASK 3
Covered in PPT
TASK 4
4.1 Issues affecting the demand of tourist choice
There are a few challenges which can impact the demand of any sort of traveller goal,
which are said as underneath under distinct heads:
Psychological warfare: If there is any sort of movement in country at that point, it will
give effect to prevalence of tourism places. For example, there is a fear monger assault in France
in the year 2016 which affected individuals. Alongside this, it created fear among guests to visit.
Harmful events: Its influence can be watch on whole exercises which are occurring at a
particular destination. This sort of component can provide food unfavourable impact to goals
fame. For example, disruption in Nepal affected general exercises of countries and alongside this
travel and tourism is additionally influenced because of this in much expansive range (Cucculelli
and Goffi, 2016).
Governmental issues: This type of component can create conditions of uproars. It can
hurt tourism enthusiasm for a negative way. For example, if there is revolts in any country at that
point, people need to remain at home as crisis notice will issues by government.
Change in atmosphere conditions: If there is any adjustments identified with this then
this can give influence to the strength of individuals, as each individual are not ready to visit at
any climate. Thus, it can cook both kind of effect either positive or negative. Atmosphere of
India is much appropriate amid winters as correlation with different spots.
Cost of products and enterprises which are offered at the season of visit: This will
likewise cook effect to notoriety of spots. Essentially, individual visits those scenes which goes
under their financial plan. They go to places according to their salaries. For instance: it will be
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much expensive for a white collar class family to visit Germany, as convenience and in addition
transportation charges are much high.
Tourism Trends: It is the principal segment which should be mulled over into. People
will go to those spots which are much in vogue. Along these lines, this will give influence to
their decision in huge way and impact different spots (Buosi, Lima and Silva, 2017).
4.2 Potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community
In order to protect the tourism stakeholders of this industry needs to ensure that the
impacts of different factors like economic, political, culture and society will be minimised or will
be reduced to zero. It is important because only than the profit can be maximised and and
popularity of a particular destination can be raised. Efforts should be made to increase the total
rate of job so that the economic condition of the host country is also raised. If the employment
rate rises due to the tourism practices than it is said that the particular stakeholders are successful
in fulfilling their responsibility towards the society. A good amount of funds is received from the
government in order to protect the heritage sites of the country and it is the duty of people
responsible for same to make an effective use of same so that the value and esteem of various
destinations is maintained (Dwyer, Tomljenović and Čorak, 2016). Obligated tourism will also
try to decrease the impacts of social issues by supporting the crucial problems which are resent in
the society for instance intake of drugs, child labour or child pornography in UK. They by
forming organisations like ECPAT of London can take actions against such practices and can
bring change in the society. This way a proper code of conduct is established which takes actions
against these practices if noticed anywhere in the society. Ecotourism is another concept that also
favours the various environmental issues and provide assistance to minimise its effects. Under
this stakeholders of tourism industry generates awareness among the tourist regarding
preservation of their surroundings and [provide financial assistance to those which are travelling
with an aim of protecting eco system. In UK the level of responsibleness of tourism activities is
rising as they are giving importance to protect their local administration and protecting the
beauty of various famous destinations (Chen and Chen, 2017).
CONCLUSION
From the presented paper of tourism destination this has been summarised that this
industry has a wide scope and there are various factors which has their direct and indirect impact
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on the total tourism practices. UK is identified as a leading country that receives a good number
of visitors and hence considered as having an immense spots to visit by the people who travel
globally. Thereafter, the trends in this sector are examined which shows that expenditure by
tourists will rise in this which shows that it has more wider scope in the future. Various factors
like social, economical physical etc. are also elaborated in detail which shows how the inflow of
tourists gets effected if these and like factors are not maintained at a balanced situation. It is
required that stakeholders of the same industry full fills their duty so that the level of demand for
a particular destinations can be either improved or maintained in future and does not allow same
to fall at any cost.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Ahmad, A., 2013. The constraints of tourism development for a cultural heritage destination:
The case of Kampong Ayer (Water Village) in Brunei Darussalam. Tourism
Management Perspectives. 8. pp.106-113.
Armenski, T. and et.al., 2011. Destination competitivenes: A challenging process for Serbia.
Human Geographies. 5(1). p.19.
Beritelli, P., 2011. Cooperation among prominent actors in a tourist destination. Annals of
Tourism Research. 38(2). pp.607-629.
Crouch, G.I., 2011. Destination competitiveness: An analysis of determinant attributes. Journal
of travel research. 50(1). pp.27-45.
Datzira-Masip, J. and Poluzzi, A., 2014. Brand architecture management: The case of four
tourist destinations in Catalonia. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management.
3(1). pp.48-58.
Di Pietro, L., Di Virgilio, F. and Pantano, E., 2012. Social network for the choice of tourist
destination: Attitude and behavioural intention. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism
Technology. 3(1). pp.60-76.
Fourie, J. and Santana-Gallego, M., 2011. The impact of mega-sport events on tourist arrivals.
Tourism management. 32(6). pp.1364-1370.
Brouder, P. and et. al., 2016. Tourism destination evolution. Routledge.
Bruwer, J. and Joy, A., 2017. Tourism destination image (TDI) perception of a Canadian
regional winescape: a free-text macro approach. Tourism Recreation Research. pp.1-13.
Bruwer, J., Gross, M. J. and Lee, H. C., 2016. Tourism destination image (TDI) perception
within a regional winescape context. Tourism Analysis. 21(2-3). pp.173-187.
Buosi, M. D. A., Lima, S. D. O. and Silva, Á., 2017. Relationship between the perception of
sustainable development and the place image for residents of an international tourism
destination. Estudios y Perspectivas en Turismo. 26(1). pp.128-149.
Chen, M. and Chen, J., 2017, July. Effects of Internet Word-of-Mouth of a Tourism Destination
on Consumer Purchase Intention: Based on Temporal Distance and Social Distance. In
International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management. pp.
321-330. Springer, Cham.
Cucculelli, M. and Goffi, G., 2016. Does sustainability enhance tourism destination
competitiveness? Evidence from Italian Destinations of Excellence. Journal of Cleaner
Production. 111. pp.370-382.
Dwyer, L., Tomljenović, R. and Čorak, S. eds., 2016. Evolution of Destination Planning and
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