Safe Administration of a Drug

Runing head: SAFE ADMINISTRATION OF A DRUG
SAFE ADMINISTRATION OF DRUG
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

1SAFE ADMINISTRTAION OF A DRUG
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Relation of diabetes and kidney disease and pharmacodynamics of metformin.............................2
Measurement of blood glucose level values....................................................................................3
Application of alternative medicine Glucovance............................................................................3
Suggestion of two new medications................................................................................................4
Preparation of a nursing care plan...................................................................................................5
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................5
References........................................................................................................................................7

2SAFE ADMINISTRTAION OF A DRUG
Introduction
Medicines are needed to be administered properly to a patient. Safe administration of
medicines are required in order to get cured early. This case study is related with safe
administration of a drug. If a drug is not properly administered the patient will not be able to get
cured within the specified period of time and in that case, either the drug has to be changed or
some other alternatives method of that particular drug needs to be taken.
Relation of diabetes and kidney disease and pharmacodynamics of metformin
In the given case study, Sharon was suffering from type 2 diabetes since 3 years. She was
taking the medicine Metformin. Due to type 2 diabetes, the level of glucose in the blood
increases a lot (Kerner and Brückel, 2014). A person suffering from diabetes need to change his
diet plan, need to take medicines and need to do checking regularly. Sharon was suffering from
diabetes mellitus, in which the glucose concentration increases in the blood. This is one of the
causes of kidney failure. With ages of time, the increased levels of glucose damage the tiny
filtering units present within each kidney. This finally leads to failure of kidney. Many people
suffering from this diabetes suffer from kidney issues but not all of them had kidney failure
(Chawla, Chawla and Jaggi, 2016) This is called diabetic nephropathy. Actually there is no
method to cure diabetic nephropathy, the patient has to change his lifestyle in order to control the
disease. In the given case, Sharon do not suffer from kidney failure but she is found to have
proteinuria. The drug helps the patients of diabetes to respond to the insulin of their own body
better. It decrease the sugar amount in the liver and also lowers the amount of sugar absorbed by
the intestines. The pharmacodynamics of metformin involves the activation of AMP- activated
protein kinase. This enzyme has its utility in insulin signalling pathways, it maintains the energy
balance of the body and in the metabolism of glucose and fats ( Forslund et al, 2015). The
activity of this enzyme is required to increase the expression of heterodimers of small size which
then inhibits the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and glucose 6 phosphatase.
Though other mechanisms of actions of metformin has been revealed like inhibition of the
respiratory chain of mitochondria, inhibition of glycerophosphate dehydrogenase of
mitochondria and it also effects on the microflora of our guts ( Kapitza et al, 2013).