Legislation and Children’s Rights In Relation To Safeguarding
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This article discusses the various legislation and policies related to safeguarding children and young adults in educational environments. It covers the Children’s Act, Sexual Offences Act, Adoption and Children Act, and more. It also explores the signs of abuse and the role of advocacy in safeguarding children.
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Early year education1 Name Student ID Institutional Affiliation
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Early year education2 Quiz 1 Legislation and Children’s Rights In Relation To Safeguarding The well-being of children and young adults is very important. UK organizations and other organizations around the world, have created legislation and policies so as to ensure there is a security structure for the protection of the rights of young children and adults. The structure of security ensures that there are well-laid out policies which govern the safeguarding of children and everyone in an educational environment. Different policies have been established. The Children’s Act 1989 was designed with an aim of ensuring that all laws relating to young adults and children are less complicated. In addition, the act brings together various authorities and organizations for ensuring that the children are receiving the required assistance. The Children’s Act 2004 was a developed update following the death of Victoria Climbie whereby there was a viewing of the information by multiple services although they did not work together which led to the suffering of the child and resulted to her death (Broad, 2004 p.213). Following the incident, regulations and rules were put in place for authorizing services in sharing of information accordingly to, make sure that there was assistance to anyone under the age of 19 years. Children and Young Persons Act 2008 has changed the care system structure which has resulted to the act pushing the services so as to provide quick and best possible care for young people and children (Foster & Norton, 2012 p.96). In addition, the act enables young adults and children the chance and capability of achieving the same as one who is not in care. According toTemkin and Ashworth (2004 p.333) theSexual Offences Act, 2003 covers vast scales of offenses although it is specifically designed to cover rape or sexual offenses in the United Kingdom and overseas in some instances. The Adoption and Children Act 2002 was
Early year education3 implemented to assure that homes which adopted children had the best intentions for them. In addition, it gives an approach which is more reasonable to unmarried couples and single people who wish to adopt the children and also provides evaluations for ensuring that the child goes to their best home. More importantly, it ensures that parents adopt the child who is suited well to their current home environment (Welbourne, 2002 p.272). The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 provides the protection of children from abuse, exploitation and violence and is an integral part in the protection of their rights to development, growth and survival (Reynaert, Bouverne-de-Bie & Vandevelde, 2009 p.528). Furthermore, the Education Act 2002 is a designed policy for the creation of a structure for all people in the services of education and safeguarding them. Therefore, the aspect protects young adults and children by providing them with a safe place to study. It also identifies young people and children who could be at risk in a school environment or at home. The Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims act 2004 protects crime victims by covering many diverse areas. In addition, it covers new regulations and rules empowering bailiffs for forcible entry to property if a vulnerable person or child is at the risk of death (Hester, 2011 p.840). Quiz 2 Signs of Abuse According toLouwers et al.(2014 p.1278) child abuse happens when the well-being, development of emotional health and physical well-being is harmed by a person. Various types of abuse may happen to a child including physical, sexual, emotional and neglect abuse. Physical abuse is whereby a child‘s body is hurt or put at physical danger by a person. Physical abuse does not matter whether it leaves a mark or gets seriously hurt since any harm is termed as abuse.
Early year education4 Abuse includes when someone ties up the child, throws an object at the child, shakes or throws the child, holds the child underwater, kicks, hits or bites or burns a child. On the other hand, sexual abuse refers to all kinds of sexual acts with a child and does not refer to physical contact alone. sexual abuse happens when someone tells “dirty” stories or jokes, shows pornography, shows the child the genitals either their own or another person, sends emails or makes calls or texts which are sexual in any way, has any kind of sexual contact with the child, either having sex or kissing in a sexual way or forcing a child to take part in pornographic videos pictures (Magalhães et al., 2009 p.456). Emotional abuse of children is whereby there is a behavioral pattern that is harming the development and well-being of a child. For example, emotional abuse may include when someone teases, threatens, bullies, or yells, shames, belittles, criticizes, or embraces, ignores the child and doesn’t give guidance and support, fails to show affection and love or abuses other people when the child is around including pets, sister, brother or parent. Furthermore, neglect is when a child’s caretaker denies the child basic protection and care including medical care, housing with hygienic living conditions, and heat in cold weather, food or clothing. In addition, neglect is when someone ignores the child and leaves them alone under dangerous conditions or for long stretches of time. Signals of Abuse Although abuse can be hard to recognize, it is important for parents to be seen with their children so as to detect any kind of prevalent with the child. The parent can talk to the child if they look disturbed or distressed and try to inquire what might have happened. However, parents can look out for other signs of abuse including medical or dental issues which go untreated,
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Early year education5 injuries which are at different healing stages, injury marks having a particular pattern like from a belt, hand or other objects, unexplained burns especially from cigarettes, or welts, bruises which don’t match the child’s story or which can’t be unexplained (Staal, 2013 p.479). Other signs may include when the child withdraws from activities and friends, always seems to be on high alert, be afraid to go home or avoids any kind of physical contact. In addition, a child may avoid a certain person, contract sexually transmitted diseases, looks dirty and unkempt, or depression or self-esteem (Zeuthen & Hagelskjær, 2013 p.758). Question 4 Setting Safeguarding Policies Children protection and safeguarding are very crucial in early year setting with agencies and practitioners ensuring that children rights and welfares are well protected and governed by different policies. Furthermore, all years providers have clear policies, which specify who is responsible for approving outings, safety arrangements and risk assessment. The risk assessment policy indicates that when creating a safe employment for children, practitioners need to identify or eliminate risks. For example, the falling risk is very high in children and through soft-landing Matts, adult supervision and turn-taking rules the risk can be reduced significantly. The EYFS requirements ensures that essential health and safety standards are practiced (Jones, 2014 p.255). In addition, the providers and practitioners are mandated to carry out the risks assessments regularly for identification of environmental aspects that are associated risks. According toAneja, Isherwood and Morgan (2012 p.496)Health and safety law expects all ‘reasonably precautions” to be taken and parents to be aware of their responsibilities in order to create a conducive environment for children to develop, grow and play. The policy is
Early year education6 linked to work together to safeguard children 2006 act that emphasizes that practitioners must know their duties and responsibility in order to safeguard children’s welfare. Early years outings and offsite policy is also in place to safeguard children. The policy emphasizes that children must be kept safe once they are taken out and all practitioners should identify hazards that might affect children. Once hazards are, identified sensible measures should be taken. Furthermore, riskassessments must not be in writing as a senior executive should review risks regularly and approve the outings to take place. The driver and vehicle transporting children to outings must be insured with also routes well planned. Furthermore, during the outings, children should be insured with the hi-visibility vest. The outing policy also upholds that current pediatric first aid certificate must accompany children when going or on out. Furthermore, the activities should also be planned on a daily basis in a situation where children have no access to the outdoor play area. When children are going for out the permission should also be sought from parents. Early year's outings and offsite policies are linked to children’s Act 2014’s statutory framework for the Early Year Foundation Stage. Question 6 What is the role of advocacy when thinking about safeguarding children? What may be the challenges, barriers, and limitation? How may professional work in partnership with other professionals and agencies be advocates for children? According toMosley (2010 p.57)advocacy is an activity by a group or individuals with an aim of influencing decisions within institutions, social systems and economic. Advocacy is governed by several principles including accountability and complaints, equality, accessibility, diversity, safeguarding, confidentiality, clarity of purpose and independence from services.
Early year education7 In relation to safeguarding the children, an advocate plays a crucial role in obtaining justice for children who have already been injured in some way and further prevents other children from harm. Essentially, advocacy helps the children to understand their rights, voice their opinions and concerns and assist them in making their choices. Furthermore, a child advocate ensures children access services that benefit their lives like proper parenting, childcare, and educations. Advocates have faced many challenges in their efforts of safeguarding children. Lack of support from the community is a major challenge. Despite the efforts of advocates in ending child abuse, the community has lagged behind to support their programs. Furthermore, despite many advocates investing their time and resources while providing community with effective training and guidance towards a good parental care, some parents and community are still practicing the act. Criticism from some members of the public has also been a challenge. Despite, the independent being the principle-governing advocates and other professionals, the some members of community have interfered with their activities. Furthermore, some advocates agencies have been sued for the claims that they are not compliant with UK policies and laws. Insufficient funds to carry out the activities has also been another major challenge. According toPetrovits , Shakespeare and Shih (2011 p.375)an organization with insufficient funds cannot run effective and therefore lack of financial support from government and other human rights have been a reason to why some advocacies are failing to carry out their operation effectively. Professionals work in partnership with other professionals has been advocated children by empowering and guiding them to express their choices, needs, and information. Furthermore, this type of services have been undertaken for both short term and long-term basis
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Early year education8 References Aneja, V.P., Isherwood, A. and Morgan, P., 2012. Characterization of particulate matter (PM10) related to surface coal mining operations in Appalachia.Atmospheric environment,54. U.S.A: Elsevier pp.496-501. Broad, B., 2004. Kinship care for children in the UK: messages from research, lessons for policy and practice.European Journal of Social Work. 2nded. pp.211-227. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis Foster, B. and Norton, P., 2012. Educational equality for Gypsy, Roma and Traveller children and young people in the UK.The Equal Rights Review. 8thed. pp.85-112. USA: Springer Hester, M., 2011. The three planet model: Towards an understanding of contradictions in approaches to women and children's safety in contexts of domestic violence.British Journal of Social Work,41(5), pp.837-853. Germany: Sage Publishers Jones, P., 2014. Training and workforce issues in the early years.Contemporary issues in the early years. Germany: springer pp.255-272. Louwers, E.C., Korfage, I.J., Affourtit, M.J., Ruige, M., van den Elzen, A.P., de Koning, H.J. and Moll, H.A., 2014. Accuracy of a screening instrument to identify potential child abuse in emergency departments.Child abuse & neglect. 7thed. pp.1275-1281. Netherlands: Elsevier Magalhães, T., Taveira, F., Jardim, P., Santos, L., Matos, E. and Santos, A., 2009. Sexual abuse of children. A comparative study of intra and extra-familial cases.Journal of forensic and legal medicine,16(8), pp.455-459. Netherlands: Elsevier
Early year education9 Mosley, J.E., 2010. Organizational resources and environmental incentives: Understanding the policy advocacy involvement of human service nonprofits.Social Service Review.1sted.U.S.A: Sage publisher’spp.57-76. Petrovits, C., Shakespeare, C. and Shih, A., 2011. The causes and consequences of internal control problems in nonprofit organizations.The Accounting Review,86(1), pp.325-357. Reynaert, D., Bouverne-de-Bie, M. and Vandevelde, S., 2009. A review of children’s rights literature since the adoption of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Childhood. 4thed. pp.518-534. Germany: Sage Publishers Staal, I.I., Hermanns, J.M., Schrijvers, A.J. and van Stel, H.F., 2013. Risk assessment of parents’ concerns at 18 months in preventive child health care predicted child abuse and neglect.Child abuse & neglect. 7thed. pp.475-484. Netherlands: Elsevier Temkin, J. and Ashworth, A., 2004. The Sexual Offences Act 2003:(1) Rape, sexual assaults and the problems of consent.Criminal Law Review, pp.328-346. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis Welbourne, P., 2002. Adoption and the rights of children in the UK.The International Journal of Children's Rights. 3rded., pp.269-289. USA: Springer Zeuthen, K. and Hagelskjær, M., 2013. Prevention of child sexual abuse: Analysis and discussion of the field.Journal of child sexual abuse. 6thed. pp.742-760. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis