Management of Safety Health & Environmental Project Risks

This report discusses the importance of mental and physical safety measures at construction sites. It covers the impacts of mental health on workers, responsibilities of employers, and the rights and responsibilities of workers. The report also highlights the safety measures that should be taken at construction sites to ensure the well-being of workers. The subject of the report is Safety Management, the course code is SMGT101, and the college/university is Desklib.

MANAGEMENT OF
SAFETY HEALTH &
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROJECT RISKS

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Mental health construction and its impacts.................................................................................3
Responsibilities of employer.......................................................................................................5
Rights of the workers and their responsibilities at work place...................................................8
Construction site safety measures.............................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
In general, it is important to know the meaning of mental health and which means a
state of human either it can be positive or negative. This act of health includes the
psychology, emotions and social well-being. The mental structure at the construction
describes the emotions of the employee or worker during the work process. The report
will help to illustrate the concept of measure health safety at the work place especially at
construction site(Garriga, and et.al., 2020). During this recent pandemic Covid19,
the workers has to deal with stress, burnout and anxiety as they have responsibilities of
their families and relatives. This report is performing the major impacts of the mental
disturbance and the rights and responsibilities of the employer or manager towards the
employee safety measures. Along with mental health it also demonstrates the physical
safety which they are required and have rights to obtain the safety clinical.
MAIN BODY
Mental health construction and its impacts.
Whenever people make a conversation about the workplaces and its safety
measures the first occupation has been discovered is construction sites. In research, it
has been founded that the highest rate of accidents has occurred at the construction
places. Many people fall, electrocution and struck by hazards. Along with this, many
workers are also targeted by mental health and 80% of people have done misconduct
an act for itself in this profession. Talking about the Covid19 crisis, where a huge impact
has been founded to an individual either physical or mental as well.
Most of the people who are working in the field of industries and construction
sites has to suffer from many disabilities and injuries at the work time. In the pandemic,
people are mostly suffered from the mental stress as they are needed to earn the
money or economy to take care of their families and it is known that construction sites
are risky and anything can happen at the work place. The major mental stress founded
in the occupation of labour or employees working in an industry. Many people lead to
increase the level of medications and insomnia from which they do not feel the
depression and anxiety.

From adult to teenage, businessman to job people everyone suffered from such
huge loss of economy and lead with high tension which makes to decrease their health
management. Due to this mental stress the one who is most affected is employee or job
people working at different companies. Looking at construction sites this is the vast
issue happened to an individual employee at Covid times. Research has been founded
that 5% of national health has been affected on mental wellness and struggling people
in such circumstances. In this context, the mental health is the major and dominating
issue during this pandemic. Here, performing the issues and its impacts to a human
creature working at a construction location(Chirico, and et.al., 2021).
Stressed in silence : People working at sites keeps themselves at silent position and do
not like to interact with other human creatures while troubling from intellectual tension.
Employee working at a construction sites have more stress than any other profession.
They are working in such environment where anything happened and cause them a
major injury for lifetime. The Covid19 circumstances make them feel and suffer more
stress and difficulties as they are scared of replacement, job securities and being a
jobless person. A worker is responsible for look out the needs and requirement of their
family and relatives and this crisis make the to suffer a lot. Nearly, 65% of workers are
living with the unhealthy mental health and never express their feelings and emotions
respectively.
It is already known that construction places are very dangerous to handle the
machinery and other performing electric works in the surrounding which is actually
difficult for a human being. A proper guidance should be provided to each person about
the functions of the machines and safety rules. The mental health causes the high risk
of increasing the blood pressure, diabetes, decreased the immune system and leads
with depression and anxiety(Henry, and et.al., 2020). All these happenings can affect
the entire organization work structure which will drive the income at low level. Apart
from this, the increase of depression causes the lack of sleep which leads to unhealthy
body and its objectives.
Lost focus : It is obvious that when a person is dealing with lots of stress and mental
health issue they do not able to focus on the work process. A lack of good health can
contribute to the higher productivity but because of poor health structure workers cannot

provide the sufficient result which they can obtain from their abilities. Research shows
that this poor mental health of an employee directly impacts on the job and organization
performance. According to the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations
mentions the different strategies from which a worker can be stressless and provide a
better productivity and outcome to the organization.
Providing the measure safety and following the rules and regulation can make
people to put more efforts and can give excellent result. In the pandemic, many
employees has been targeted for losing their jobs and many of them leads to lifetime
injury which directly effects their livelihood. Managers should focus on the employee
health and provide a good work pattern including the safety measures from which they
will not lead to mental stress and depression and can look out for the basic requirement
of their family(Fang, and et.al., 2020.). An employer should understand the importance
their employees as they are the one who is putting their efforts and hard work to drive
an organization at successful position. Employee have rights to feel protected at
workplace and it is major responsibility of manager to keep the all safety measures at
the construction sites.
Responsibilities of employer
In construction, the design and work pattern is under the agents which direct the work
process to their employee. As it is known that construction sites are dangerous and
needs to be careful and aware of safety measures. Here, describing some
responsibilities of an employer or agent who should keep the track and focus on the
mental and physical safety objectives(Cheng, and et.al., 2020). According the
legislation, an employee has rights to refuse the dangerous work process and sites and
a manager cannot force them to practise the work at unsafe locations. Employee and
employer both have equal right according to the laws and legislation which has been
implemented accurately.
Provide safe workplace : A agent or manger has a responsibility of providing an
accurate safe work environment at the site. They have to make sure that machinery
equipment or areas is occurring at safe conditions or not. The safe workplace also
includes protective clothing and safety equipments where hazards cannot be head off.
Following these rules and regulations can prevent a bad or risky work surrounding from

which an employee can utilize the maximum benefits and put efforts in the effective
manner. An agent can also consult with their employee in the context of how they can
make more safety at workplaces.
Safety measures training : It is important to know about the safety measures. When
an employer providing the safety training firstly they should understand the issues and
hazards which will affect the employee health. It is obvious that if a physical action or
injury has been happened it will definitely affect the mental stress and anxiety. Employer
have responsibility to conduct an information and instruction or training sessions to an
individual employee that how they can work at a safe side. Informing the employee
about the different hazards and improve their understanding and ideologies to follow the
safe work procedures(Kola, and et.al., 2021). It is not necessary that the knowledge
should be written and it can be verbal or in the form of video clips. These training
sessions help them to understand the work, risks and safety rules to state a good
mental and physical health.
Participate in occupational health committee : The role of OHC is to advise and
assist the employee regarding the issues and injuries at health perspective at work
surrounding. They develop an awareness and promote the various ways and methods
to acknowledge the people about the health safety measures happens in an
organization or work environment especially to the people who are working at
construction sites and industries. They distribute the ideas of keeping safe individually.
The OHC is a management conducted by the government for the workers rights and
following the safety rules(Jones, and et.al., 2021.). The entire team supports and
promote the consultative model and maintain the DWG. It is important to advertise the
risks and hazards happens in an industry or construction sites as in research it has
been founded that 60%of people are died at a workplace accidents in a construction
occupation.
First Aid standards : The employer also has a responsibility of keeping the first aid kit
at a work environment especially at construction sites. It has been mentioned and
known that construction locations are not appropriate and causes high risk and hazards
which is not correct for the employee or an individual person. Along with first aid kits,
the proper resting station and medical kit should be prepared with no shortage of drugs

and makes sure the treatment should be done in a correct order. When an incident
happens and someone got injured or hurt the first aid kit can help a little and makes a
worker at safety positions while taking them to a hospital.
Provide the training for using the tools:
It is common at the construction site that heavy machinery equipment is majorly
used, it is the main duty of the employer to provide the training to the employee as how
to operate the machines. At the construction site major accident can be seen by the
machines. Therefore, with the good knowledge in machinery equipment employers can
proceed to provide the information about the particular machine, and before operating
the machine, they need to ensure that employees have properly wear their safety kit.
For the construction site it is the major concern of the contractor to hire the candidate
who have the certificate for operating the machine, otherwise it will be difficult for them
to secure from the legal activities if any accident occurs (Zhang, and et.al., 2019).
To assess every site for reducing the danger:
All constructions site has the risks, for an example if someone have the threat to
working at the height and other one have threat to facing the electrical work. Then it is
important for the employer to analyse the construction site and do some healthy
measures to prevent any accident. It also enables them to assign the tasks to the
employee on the basis of their knowledge and preferences, also it is the foremost work
of the employer to monitor every activity at the work place in order to protect from any
accident.
To ensure every employee have wear the protective equipment:
Working at the constructions site is always possess the various risks, but this can
be mitigated if the proper planning has been implemented. Their must be the rules
which the employees must need to follow as to wear the safety equipment, or to
undergo medical check up before approaching with work therefore employer need to
ensure at the site that employee is taking all the safety considerations before
proceeding with the work.
Develop the policies for reporting the defective equipment:
To teach the employee as how to investigate the equipment before start using it,
if workers are clueless about the certain equipment, what if they will proceed to begin

their work, it will be life threatening to them. Therefore, employer can also proceed to do
something which must required to followed by the employees, or to inform them that
they must have to report the employer if they found any fault in the machines (Idrees., and
et.al., 2017).
To make investment on the wearable devices for improving the safety:
Safety wearable devices are able to track the activity and detect any problem
which might encountered. It is the attractive things which can be implemented at the
construction site in order to attract the workers to carry out the construction work. As
high tech safety wearable devices are helpful in order to protect them from any
accident. Or to implement the technological equipment can allow to detect any hazards
so that safety measures can be taken in order to cope up with the hazard.
To be mindful about the climate related hazards:
It is the part of the work to deal with any situation, at construction site workers
has to face different whether which might cause health related issues. As they have to
work in high or low temperature, therefore it is important for the employer to provide an
energy drinks when the temperature is too high, as in such climate employee can also
suffer from the dehydration. Therefore, small efforts from the workplace can help them
to help in such conditions. Also, employer need to encourage the workers to complete
their work in such situation, or provide them a breaks so that it can't impact on their
physical as well as on mental health. Contractors need to provide the equal treatment to
all the workers at the construction site.
Rights of the workers and their responsibilities at work place
Rights for the worker at the construction sites as they can do work on any
construction field where they don't get any harm from the work. As the employer at the
site always there for protecting the mental and physical health of the worker, but for the
worker it is also essential that they are aware of their own responsibility. Employees
have the right to deny for the dangerous or the hazardous work, at the construction sites
mainly work are dangerous and linked therefore if the worker is ready to do that work
than it is the responsibility of the employer to provide all the safety measures so that
worker does not get injured. Workers have the right to know about the work place

hazard and have the access to the health and safety services. It is important for the
worker to follows the policies at the construction site which helps them to prevent from
any harm.
For the employee their rights can't be changed by the employer as it is under the
legislation, if any employer denies to give the right to employee than it is consider as the
violation, for which the employer also has to face the legal activities or to give some
penalty. Their rights involve that they should have given the safety kit for free of cost in
order to deal with the danger work. Therefore, at the construction site it is important to
provide the safety kit to the worker for carrying out any hazardous task. Be transparent
to the employer it is up to the worker if they have any health regarding issues they can
tell their employer so they will allow them to take leave or to switch their work with easy
task (Smith, L., and et.al., 2020). Workers also have the rights to take the break during the
work. For their mental health it is important for the employer to allow them to take mini
breaks which can relax the employees mind and also make them able to concentrate on
their work.
Responsibilities of the worker are defining as to follow all the policies with
discipline so that it does not impact the workplace environment. It is the major concern
for the worker to take care of their health and safety, or to use the safety kit before
proceeding with the work on the construction sites. For an example if the worker has
long hair than it is essential for them to wear the headscarf it can help them to protect
from any machinery accident. To cooperate with the employer at the construction site it
is important for the worker to follow all the instructions that are instructed to them, and
make sure that they have given a proper training. If the training is provided to the
workers, then it is their major role to attend the training sessions and acquire the
knowledge. If the workers have the serious health issues than they must need to report
to the employer instead of taking leave without prior information. At the construction site
if the worker is operating the machines and they take some medication which makes
them drowsy, then it is their duty to tell the employer about it so that they can provide
the another job option to the worker. Therefore, along with the employer responsibility
employees are also liable to follow all the duties in careful manner otherwise it will be
hard for them to work on such conditions (Girdhar, and et.al., 2020).

Construction site safety measures
Contractors main responsibility is to plan, lead and supervise their workers at the
construction site so that final objective can be achieved. It is their major duty to ensure
that everyone is following the legal policies at the work place. Due to the covid-19
pandemic, it adversely impacts the work, therefore because of this at the construction
sites number of employees have been decreasing due to the spread of virus. It is
negatively impacting the mental health of the employee. It is the responsibility of the
contractor to provide them motivation and also to support the employee so that they will
return back to the work (Roy, and et.al., 2021).
Three examples which the contractors are doing against the good practice are as
follows:
Encourage communication:
It is the most important at the work place otherwise productivity in the work can't be
achieved properly. From this staff can keep themselves safe from any risks. If they
communicate with each other if they find any kind of the potential risk. Therefore
contractor can enable them to follow all the guidelines and policies in order to protect
from anything. It is the duty of the contractor to plan the whole project, or to distribute
the plan accordingly. As per the pandemic they can proceed to implement the laws and
guidelines which the employee must need to follow. They can provide them
encouragement to deal with the things in a positive manner. Contractors can pre plan
the work and to arrange the work in a safe zone and ensures that all norms are being
followed by the workers.
Accurately developed and manage the scaffolding:
It is important to check that there is no shortcuts when erecting with the scaffolding, it is
important to clean this equipment before storage. At the construction site contractors
need to ensure that workers are properly operating with the equipment, as Scaffolding
should be place at the ground with string footing just to reduce the risk of collapsing,
otherwise it will be hazardous for the employee. It is the major responsibility of the
contractor to plan to maintain the structure in order to repair the inconsistencies in the
structure, otherwise it will be life threatening to the employees (Mossberg, 2020).
Therefore in this difficult pandemic time contractor need to ensure that the workplace is

disinfect and also need to ensure that all the equipment are disinfectant. To enable the
employees to maintain the social distancing at the work place. For the mental stability
employer can proceed to encourage the workers and to praise them for their hard work
in these difficult time.
On site medical check-up structure:
It is mandatory to have the medical structure at the construction site, as there is a
dealing of the potential machines, also construction work involves the major risks. But
due to the pandemic it is important to have the medical infrastructure as isolated room if
any one found infected than they should immediately send to the isolated room, or to
take them to the nearest hospital. In this contractor ensures that other workers are not
infected from disease, and employers need to provide the safety care training to the
employees so that they will protect themselves and prevent the spread of disease
(Wang, and et.al., 2021).
CONCLUSION
The report is describing the concepts of safety management and some methods
from which an individual have right to attain. The major risk of doing a work at
construction sties refers to increase of mental health during the pandemic Covid19,
where many employees and workers are scared to lose their jobs. Report has been
concluded the all major safety tips which an employer or an agent should manage and
provide at construction locations which will be beneficial for both either worker or
organization as well. The article will help an individual to understand the different
causes and strategies from where they can practise the safety measures as an
individual or in an organization. At last, it is expressing some equipment and objectives
from which an employee working at a site and manager can be aware of hazards and
risks and how to identify them and deal with it in the correct manner.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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COVID‐19 pandemic. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.141(5).p.479.
Chirico, F., and et.al., 2021. Protecting the mental health of healthcare workers during
the COVID-19 emergency. BJPsych International.18(1).
Henry, and et.al., 2020. COVID-19, mental health, and opioid use disorder: Old and new
public health crises intertwine. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research,
Practice, and Policy.12(S1). p.S111.
Cheng, and et.al., 2020. Development of a psychological first-aid model in inpatients
with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. General psychiatry.33(3).
Kola, and et.al., 2021. COVID-19 mental health impact and responses in low-income
and middle-income countries: reimagining global mental health. The Lancet
Psychiatry.
Jones, and et.al., 2021. Adapting to COVID-19 on construction sites: what are the
lessons for long-term improvements in safety and worker
effectiveness?. Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology.
Zhang, and et.al., 2019. An agent-based modeling approach for understanding the
effect of worker-management interactions on construction workers' safety-
related behaviors. Automation in Construction. 97.pp.29-43.
Idrees, M.D., and et.al., 2017. Workers’ age and the impact of psychological factors on
the perception of safety at construction sites. Sustainability.9(5). p.745.
Fang, W., and et.al., 2020. Computer vision for behaviour-based safety in construction:
A review and future directions. Advanced Engineering Informatics.43.p.100980.
Smith, L., and et.al., 2020. Correlates of symptoms of anxiety and depression and
mental wellbeing associated with COVID-19: a cross-sectional study of UK-
based respondents. Psychiatry research.291. p.113138.
Girdhar, R., and et.al., 2020. Managing mental health issues among elderly during
COVID-19 pandemic. J. Geriatr. Care Res. 7.pp.32-35.

Roy, and et.al., 2021. Mental health implications of COVID-19 pandemic and its
response in India. The International journal of social psychiatry.67(5).p.587.
Wang, and et.al., 2021. Mental Health of the General Population during the 2019
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Tale of Two Developing
Countries. Psychiatry International.2(1).pp.71-84.
Online references
A, B., 2018. [Online]. Available through <>