Safety Regulations and Risk Assessment in Mechanical Engineering, Construction Sites, Gym and Accidents Reporting

This article discusses safety regulations and risk assessment in mechanical engineering, construction sites, gym, and accidents reporting. It covers the importance of risk assessment, control measures to prevent accidents, and the procedure for reporting accidents. It also includes a discussion on the costs associated with accidents.

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
By Name
Course
Instructor
Institution
Location
Date

Q1 The regulations when dealing with the electricity
 When working with electricity, avoid water at all times.one should not touch or repair
any electrical equipment when the hands are wet. This is because water increases the
electrical conductivity.
 The equipment whose cords are frayed or whose insulation is damaged or with the
broken plugs should not be used. This exposes the user to great danger Lundgren,
R.E. and McBain, A.H., 2013.
 If one is working on any of the receptacles in the workshop, it is advisable to switch
off the mains. The sign on the service line or panel should be up so that nobody turns
the main switch on by the accident.
 When working on any branch of the circuit, one is advised to use the appropriate
gloves and other protected clothing.
A lot of care should be taken when removing a capacitor from the circuit. Capacitors are
known for storing large amounts of energy and if not properly handled during the removal
from the electric circuit, it can easily cause shock. The best way of discharging a low voltage
capacitor is that after the removal from the circuit, it is put on the tip of the screw driver that
is properly insulated. Such operations usually discharge the capacitors.

The safety regulations in the mechanical workshop.
The sulphuric acid is a very corrosive oily liquid that is dense. The dilution process makes it
more corrosive and it should be contained in the rubber, glass or any other plastic lined
equipment at the point of application. It usually causes the severe burns and easily
decomposes the clothes and the shoes. A complete equipme3nt therefore is required when
handling this particular equipment.
The materials to be machined should be securely fastened or clamped on the working
surfaces before the machining process could begin.
No machine shall be left unattended to while in the motion. This may cause the great danger
to the occupants of the workshop.
The cleaning processes, oiling or any adjustment to the machine component should not be
done when the machine is on motion.

Q2 The roles and the responsibilities of the employees in the construction sites
The employees should undergo a compulsory safety orientation so that they be familiar with
and comply with the existing requirements within the company health and safety program
and the work safe policies.
The employees should wear appropriate personal protective equipment that should also be put
or maintained in the good working conditions Lundgren, R.E. and McBain, A.H., 2013.
The work-related injuries should be reported immediately to the site supervisor and cooperate
in the investigation into such incidents.
 The employees should not operate any of the machines before they are authorised to
do so by the site supervisor

 The employees should collectively participate in the tool -box safety operations so as
to help maintain it in the safe working conditions.
 The employees should ensure that they don’t engage in the improper activities such as
jokes in the worksites.
 Employees should maintain good housekeeping and while accessing or leaving the
workplace they should use the safety routes Lundgren, R.E. and McBain, A.H., 2013.
 Good employees will always set a perfect safety examples to the rest of the workers in
the site.
 They have an obligation not to access the working site when he or she under the
influence of alcohol or any other illegal drug which is likely to impair the ability to
work well.
 Those employees with the physical impairment should not work where such
impairment may cause the greater risk either to themselves or to the rest of the
workers in the site.
 They should not be allowed or should not allow anybody to force them in carrying out
tasks that they are not familiar with.
 The should ensure that all the working conditions that are not proper are immediately
reported to the supervisor.
Safety and health management systems
This refers to the part of the organisations management which covers on the various parts
including the health and safety work organisation and policy in the company, planning
activities of the accidents and ill health preventions measures, those practices that are meant
at developing and implementing the reviews a maintenance of the occupational safety and
finally the line management responsibilities Cascio, W., 2018.

This particular area covers various department but they are always procedurally done. Its key
elements include the following;
The commitment and policy: Any workplace should prepare an occupational program that are
meant to address matters of safety and health as part of the preparation of the safety. The
effective health and safety policies should include a set of clear directions that the
organisations should follow. This will include all the aspects of the business performance as
part of the commitment to the improvements of achieving goals. While the business seeks to
meet its responsibilities to people and the Woking environment, the spirit of the law must bee
fulfilled. The financial losses and liabilities will be greatly reduced if the cos effective
approaches are used in the preserving and developing the human and physical processes. The
stakeholder’s expectations will therefore be met effectively.
The planning: The workplace should formulate a plan whose4 main aim is to fulfil the safety
and the health policies as they are laid out in the company’s structure and safety statement.
The delivering process will therefore require an effective management structure and the
safety targets set for both the managers and employees Cascio, W., 2018.
Implementation and operation: In order to have all these achieved, the organisation must put
in place the capabilities and the support mechanisms that are necessary to achieve the health
and safety policies. The staff members should be motivated and properly empowered to work
safely and also to protect their long-term health other than just avoiding the accidents. The
planned and systematic approach to implementing the safety policies should be put in place
for the regular practice. The risks assessment methods should be used to determine the
priorities \and the possible set objectives in the prevention of these risks. I dentification of the
specific safety and health standards should be promoted. A shared common understanding of

the vision and the mission of the company will surely help in the elimination of the risks and
effective achievements of the goals.
Performance measurement: The performance of the safety and health should be monitored,
evaluated and measured. These measurements can be done against the agreed standards
established. These measurements should reveal the areas where the performance
improvements are required. The functioning of the management systems can be effective
done through active self-monitoring. The monitoring looks at both the hardware and the
software parts. If there is failure in the system, the monitoring system should establish why
that is so. This finally leads to the achievement of the objective which include to determine
the very immediate causes of the underperformance and to identify the causes and
implications for the design and operation of the safety and health management system Cascio,
W., 2018.
Auditing and reviewing the performance: There should be frequent review and evaluation of
the safety and the health management systems. The relevant experience and lesions should be
applied. There should be systematic performance review that is purely based on the
information collected from the monitoring exercise. This will therefore form the basis of the
commitment by the company in complying with the organisation responsibilities. The
performance therefore should be assed through the internal reference to the performance
indicators and the external comparison with the performance of the business competitors and
best practice in the sector of the employees
Question 3
A hazard refers to any source of the potential damage or harm or even having health effects
on someone. The hazards included in this picture include the following,
The hazards present here include the following;

 The knife is left on the board unattended to
 Water has spilled on the ground that may make someone to slide and fall down.
 The extension cable on the floor has blocked the passage or the through pass and this
can make someone fall down.
 The smoke that comes from the kitchen is lacking chimney for the escape. The
accumulation of the smoke in the room can easily cause suffocation and death.
 The socket is left necked and this may lead to electric shock Cascio, W., 2018.
 The cabinet is left open that can knock someone on the leg as he passes.
 The dustbin is left at a wrong place next to where food is kept and flies from the
dustbin may lead to the possible contamination of the food.
 The cat is feeding on the plate that is left on the floor. The plates that are already
licked by the cat is a potential source of hazard.
 The water kettle is put on the edge of the cabinet and this can easily fall down to
cause injury.
 The towel that is left hanging on the wall can easily catch fire and cause the burn in
the whole house.
The control measures of the identified hazards
 The water spill on the ground should be wiped out dry.
 The smoke that comes from the kitchen should be provided with the chimney that
directs the smoke outside the room Cascio, W., 2018.
 The knife should be kept inside the cupboard or drawer when not in use.
 The necked sockets should be insulated to prevent possible shock that results from the
electricity.
 The dirty plates should be removed from the floor to avoid contamination by the cats.

 The extension cable should be removed from the pathways and kept in a safe place
possibly away from the water sources.
 The kettle should be removed from the edge and put in a place much safer. The
dustbin should be covered to avoid contamination from the houseflies.
4 The risk assessment in the Gym
The risk analysis should take into consideration the position of the gym equipment. The
machines should be positioned so that they can be accesses easily. The above diagram shows
the equipment’s that are in very congested positions.
The balls are not balanced and this very risky especially to the user. The balls should be
properly balanced to avoid falling during the exercise. This will help to achieve exercise
stability.
The gym equipment should have the adjusting mechanisms that allow for the fitting of
various shapes and sizes not as the fixed alignment shown in the diagram or in the
photograph.
Importance of risk assessments
 The risk assessment will definitely help in the identification and recognition of the
hazards in the workplace and suggest on the possible control measures.
 The risk assessment will help in the creation of the awareness among the users of the
gym Cascio, W., 2018.
 There is going to be a reduction in the risks and possible accidents in the gym.
 The risk assessment will help in the saving of the cost operation and this is achieved
by being proactive instead of being reactive.
How control measures prevent accidents

 The control measures include the emergency steps and the permit to work.
 The testing of all the control measures regularly and keeping of the records of
examination, tests and repairs to the equipment.
Methods of controlling risks and hazards
 The methods of controlling workplace hazards like in the gym is through rotation and
continuous change of the different ways of practice so as to prevent overexposure to
one type of the exercise.
 The use of personal protective equipment like gloves may prevent the injuries to the
hands such as formations of blisters.
5 The principles behind the reporting of the accidents, incidents and near misses.
 People; The occurrence of an accident must provide anybody who is responsible or
the person to contact.
 Processes; The processes that are clear and easy to follow should be developed to the
individuals that are already identified Cascio, W., 2018. The guidelines and the step
by step instructions are very important in the decision making by the individuals.
When the organisation is mapping out their task, the logical sequence helps in the
identification of the risks
 Systems; This usually provides for the means of the collection of the information and
their subsequent disseminations. These systems will just be as good as those using
them.
 Tools; the kind of tools needed to avert the potential risk and accident is very key
6 The procedure for reporting accidents
The injured person should provide the relevant details while reporting the accident.

 The person designated should record the information in the book while stating exactly
what happened
 The injuries that require the person providing first aid should be reported to the
company representative who is senior
 The representative of the company will investigate together with the employees’
representative the possible causes of the accident
 The results of the investigation should be examined
 The control measures are to be put in place after the consultation with the relevant
authorities.
 The serious injuries that will result into absent from work should be reported to the
health and safety executive. The injuries leading to death should be reported to HSE
immediately Cascio, W., 2018.
 The accident scenes should be barred off as the investigation is being carried out.
 The results of the investigation will later be discussed to the executive
7 The accident cost for the scenario; the bones of the arm are broken, the worker takes one
week in the hospital, he is off work for 4 months and admin duties for six months and finally
he is unable to do similar task again
the cost to the company is calculated as follows
wages for the injured worker over the time=£8700
lost remedial work that is always needed=£6000
The charges of the overtime wages=£2500
The wages for getting another worker= £6800
Time lost by the administration=£3500

The expenses on the legal matters=£3500
The court costs and the fines=£2800
The adjustments on the insurance cover costs=£5400
The total cost to the entire operation=39300

References
Lundgren, R.E. and McBain, A.H., 2013. Risk communication: A handbook for
communicating environmental, safety, and health risks. John Wiley & Sons.
Cascio, W., 2018. Managing human resources. McGraw-Hill Education.