Sample Assignment on Health PDF
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Added on 2021-05-30
Sample Assignment on Health PDF
Added on 2021-05-30
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Running head: HEALTHHealthName of the student:Name of the University:Author’s note
1HEALTHAim and methods:Research question and the objective of the studyThe study by Coutts et al. (2017) had a clear research question and objective which wasrelated to identifying infectious agent, mode of transmission and source of illness during the May2012 outbreak of norovirus in patrons of a restaurant in Melbourne, Australia. The research wasimportant following reports on gastrointestinal illness in patrons following a banquet lunch atMediterranean-style restaurant on 11th May 2014. Hence, the research question and researchobjective was part of an outbreak investigation process to gain idea about the cause of illness. Design of the study:A retrospective case-control study design was used to conduct epidemiologicalinvestigation (Coutts et al. 2017). The chosen research design is appropriate considering theresearch question and study objective because case-control study design helps in identifyingoutcome and comparing two groups on the basis of causal attribute. By the development ofcontrol group and case group, the case-control studies identify the causes of a medical conditionby comparing the group who got the illness and those who did not had the illness. Case controlstudies mainly looks back retrospectively to explore the relationship between risk factorexposure in groups and the disease (Ibrahim, 2014). Hence, based on the research objective, asuitable research design has been chosen. Secondly, it was a retrospective study which focusedon evaluating the effect of outbreak in people after the investigation. The advantage of usingretrospective study design is that it support researcher to simultaneously look at multiple risk andfinding causal association related to a medical condition (Merriam, 2015). However, onelimitation of using this study design is that it increases chances of recall bias by relying on
2HEALTHpeople’s memory and experience to establish causal association. Since, the restaurant hadnumber of food choices, the likelihood of recall bias is even more high. Coutts et al. (2017) recruited participants from the restaurant’s booking list and phoneinterview by the use of structured questionnaire was used to collect data from participants. Thequestionnaires for the interview were related to demographic, illness and food exposure data.Coutts et al. (2017) used effective method to define case group. For example, case groupincluded those people who ate food at the restaurant and developed symptoms of vomiting, fever,nausea and headache within 24 to 48 hours. The control group included those people who did notmeet the case definition criteria. Hence, this process of sample recruitment and classification ofgroups enhances the credibility of the research work. Symptoms of gastroenteritis were the mainoutcome measure for the study as the study was investigating about norovirus outbreak inrestaurant of Australia. However, one limitation found in outcome measurement was that it didnot used any practical method to detect norovirus in food samples. Although food handlers werequestioned regarding presence of gastroenteritis symptom, however the possibility of noroviruscontamination among food handlers was ignored. This limitation may influence the validity ofresearch evidence. Key results:A total of 46 cases ad 49 controls were enrolled for the research. The findings of thestudy revealed significant association between illness and consumption of grain salad andbeetroot dip. This was confirmed because almost 98% of the case group recalled eating the grainsalad at the restaurant. Furthermore, the interview with staffs regarding preparation of grain salad
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