Security Services in Buildings

This report discusses the security services and measures implemented in buildings, specifically focusing on the Manawatu campus of Massey University. It analyzes the use of parking gates, steel fencing, locked bollards, access control systems, CCTV cameras, and security measures in the library and computer laboratories. The report also examines the concepts of active and passive security systems and highlights the importance of appropriate security measures.

Running head: SECURITY SERVICES IN BUILDINGS
SECURITY SERVICES IN BUILDINGS
Name of the Student
Name of the university
Author note

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Table of Contents
Overview....................................................................................................................................2
Security Measures at different places of the University............................................................2
Parking gates..........................................................................................................................2
Steel fencing around the premises..........................................................................................3
Locked Bollards.....................................................................................................................3
Access Control using card reader...........................................................................................4
CCTV Camera........................................................................................................................4
Security measures in University’s Library.............................................................................5
Security measures in the computer laboratories.....................................................................6
Motion detectors.....................................................................................................................6
Copying machine with card reader........................................................................................6
Analysis of Active and Passive security systems.......................................................................7
Inappropriate Security Measures................................................................................................7
References..................................................................................................................................8

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Overview
Based in New Zealand, Massey University obliges almost 7,500 students along with
3,000 staffs and visitors in a single day. The university offers its students with undergraduate,
post graduate, diploma and certificate degrees. It has three different campuses namely the
Manawatu campus, Albany campus and Wellington campus. The Manawatu campus of the
University is busier as compared to most other small towns thus vulnerable to various
security related incidents. Massey University has its own 24/7 security services and in case of
any problems the security personnel can be contacted (Massey University, 2019). The report
will discuss on the security services of the Manawatu campus of Massey University. The
security components used in the building will be analyzed and concepts relating to active and
passive security systems will also be considered. The security equipments used in the
University’s library, staff offices, and computer laboratories will be mainly discussed. The
security measures taken at the entry and the exit gate will be analyzed as well.
Security Measures at different places of the University
Parking gates
The visitor and staff parking gate is secured with barrier gates. The automatic barrier
gates are considered to be as perfects solution for situations where vehicle access control is
important. Manawatu campus is the busiest campus and sees many visitors a day. Barrier
gates are effective in maintaining security at the entry gates (Mai, Wei & Gao, 2015). The
automatic high-speed barriers gates have 100% duty rating and average operating time of 1.2
seconds which is appropriate for guarding the parking systems. The University has installed
the barrier gates to reduce tailgating. The barrier gates are capable of detecting the direction
of vehicle that in turn helps in counting the number of vehicles. The boom gate is RFID
enabled thereby avoiding the use of parking meters and the payment machines. The RFID

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enabled automatic barrier system reduces manual recording of vehicle data. The system
enhances the security at the entry gates by maintaining a log of the cars entering, leaving and
parked in the premises (Panganiban & Cruz, 2017). By installing barrier gates at the entry,
the university has taken care of the privacy of the campus and takes serious account of the
persons visiting the university campus. By making use of the barrier gates the university has
made use of the space efficiently. Card reader at the entry gates are effective access control
systems in case of securing buildings. Card reader at the entry gate ensures that unauthorized
access is prevented. The technology allows tracking of the people visiting the university
campus which can be helpful in situations where mishandlings need to detected or recognized
(Gerdeman, 2015). The card reader is beneficial for those who are staffs of the university as
they can just flash their card and get access.
Picture 1: Visitors Parking Gate (Barrier Gates)

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Steel fencing around the premises
Steel fencing around the university premises enhances its security owing to the
durability and the strength of steel fences. It is just a simple approach to ensure security but
along with the other advanced security equipments such as card reader and barrier gates it
forms a good security system. Steel fencing saves the university campus from haphazard
parking. The campus is very big and steel fencing around ensures that visitors strictly adhere
to the parking norms and do not create a chaotic situation (Fennelly & Perry, 2016). Steel
fencing is considered to be good choice these fences have low maintenance cost and this
fencing around can check the entry of stray animals such as dogs into the university campus.
Picture 2: Steel fence around the university premises
Locked Bollards
Locked bollards promote orderliness in the parking area as well as ensure safety. This
specific campus of Massey University is busier than most other small towns and hence
parking lots can be considered as one of the hectic places in the university campus. Locked
bollards are used in various ways in the parking lots such as protecting property’s perimeter

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and maintaining order in these places (Začs, 2018). Security bollards are made used in the
campus to direct pedestrian and vehicle traffic. Using bollards in the campus checks the
traffic patterns as these can safeguard cyclists and pedestrians from the vehicles.
Picture 3: Locked Bollards
Access Control using card reader
The University uses smart card access control for its staffs which ensures that only
those authorized can enter specific rooms. Smart cards are appropriate to store the
credentials of authorized people and permit only those whose records match with that stored
in the system. This is important as the university campus has various costly devices and
equipments (ENERGY, 2016). Smart cards control access to rooms such as computer labs,
printer rooms and many more. This is effective in ensuring security reducing the need to use
physical keys and passwords.

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Picture 4: Staff access control
CCTV Camera
The campus is seen to have a lot of CCTV cameras installed which are one of the best
ways to ensure security inside the campus in places such as corridors hall rooms and many
more. Security cameras are effective in reducing criminal activity as the wrong doers have
the fear of being caught. Many a times there are situations where groups of students fight
over some issue or protest against the college management, in these situations CCTV footage
can help in finding the person initiating the conflict and accordingly punished (Costin, 2016).
Staffs can indulge in theft of costly equipments but if CCTV surveillance is present this can
be avoided. CCTV cameras can check on unauthorized access as well. The corridors and
rooms with CCTV cameras ensure the safety of students from harassment and abuse. CCTV

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cameras at the exit gates keep a record of the people getting out of the campus and any
mishandlings found after that can be accordingly reviewed.
Picture 5: CCTV cameras at the exit point
Security measures in University’s Library
The library gate has two separate gates for entry and exit which checks the chaos in
the rush hours and the students can access the library in an organized way. These gates are
tattle tape gate clear and effective in detecting or rather checking if any activated strip is
going outside the library room. These gates make use of multiple pedestals covering a larger
entrance region. The alarm lights present on these tattle gates are used to identify which aisle
caused the alarm thereby aiding the university staffs to locate the item which was responsible
for triggering the alarm (Michalak & Rysavy, 2019). These gates provide the staffs with the
facility to access libraryConnectTM data related to statistics and associated configuration
options. This in turn provides the staffs with the facility to upgrade firmware aiding to run the
monthly reports as well as changing the colors and pattern of alarm. The tattle tap gates can

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keep a track of the total number of visitors daily and this count can be easily reset making the
work of the staffs easy to keep a note of the visitors on daily basis. The books are secured
with the tattle tapes inside them. These tattle tapes are thin magnetic strips kept in the
magazines, newspapers and books or in the audio-video material as well. If these are not
desentized then an alarm will be generated when these pass through the tattle gates at the
entry-exit gates of the library. This security measure is effective in securing the books of the
library and mishandlings (Skowronek, 2017). The manual tattle tape deactivator is present in
the library and it serves as the first checkpoint where the tattle tapes are deactivated if being
taken home. There a record is kept which can help in maintaining the records as which books
have been borrowed from the university library. The motion detectors installed in the
laboratories are effective in saving electricity as well. These motion sensor lights switch in or
increase the intensity of light when they detect any motion around the area. This technology
is appropriate for library areas as these are not always crowded.

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Picture 6: Tattle tape gate clear at library entrance
Picture 7: Tattle tapes inside library books
Security measures in the computer laboratories
The University computer laboratories have computer and cable lock that ensure these
equipments are not misplaced form their places. The lock system prevents theft of these
electronic gadgets and the students who are using the same will be answerable if there is any
loss of these items (Dorri, Kamel & Kheirkhah, 2015). The lock system ensures the security
of these costly gadgets. The lock system ensures that computers and cables are not misplaced
by staffs and such systems are effective in keeping record of the cables as accordingly locks
are bought. The lock system shows that the University campus is strict with security of the
equipments and that it sends a strict message to its students and staffs.

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Picture 8: Computer Laboratory (Lock system)
Motion detectors
Motion detectors can detect moving objects especially people. These are used in
university campuses to ensure that some specific rooms are secured and any motion there is
detected. The Massey university campus makes use of motion detectors as well to safeguard
its rooms and equipments. These detectors raise alarms if motion is detected and thus the staff
of the university can take necessary actions if unauthorized access is made (Tanvar et al.,
2017). Motion detectors are placed in corners of room and are effective in providing good
viewpoint of the entryways. These help the University staffs to detect any changes occurring
in the rooms.

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Picture 9: Motion detectors
Copying machine with card reader
The University library card reader enabled copying machine requires the students to
log in to the copying machine with their library card details. This ensures that only those
authorized to use the copying machine get access to its facilities. By making use of these
equipments the university checks that those who are accessing the copying machine have the
permission to do so (Bhabad & Bagade, 2015). This security measure checks the misuse or
overuse of copying machine. The students accessing the machine can also been tracked and a
record maintained.

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Picture 10: Copying machine with card reader
Analysis of Active and Passive security systems
Active security systems are those systems that give quick reaction when an unwanted
situation is encountered or send alarms to notify the users. Such systems are effective in
recording slightest movements raising an alarm to control the situation. The control room will
monitor the situation accordingly after that. An active security system provides immediate
response, notifications and necessary alerts. Contrary to this the passive security system
focuses at record keeping (Kountouras et al., 2016). The main difference in between the
active and the passive security systems is that the latter does not send any alert notifications
or signals to notify the users about any security breaches. The passive security systems are
referred to for checking the visual records which server as evidences when analyzing security

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breaches. During the time of intrusion passive security systems keep a perfect record of the
incident taking place while the active security system not only records the incident but also
sends notifications to the authorities. In the Massey University campus both active as well as
passive security systems are used. Motion detectors fall under the active security system
while the CCTV cameras fall under the passive security systems.
Inappropriate Security Measures
The security measures that have been undertaken are appropriate for the university
campus. The security measures which would have been inappropriate in this case are human
guards in the entry and exit gates. Human guards are not required in this scenario because the
technological equipments used are far more efficient than their human counterparts. The
number of visitors to the campus is huge in number and it is not possible for humans to keep
a check on authorized access and unauthorized access.

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References
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countermeasures. International Journal of Computer Applications, 125(14).
Costin, A. (2016, October). Security of cctv and video surveillance systems: Threats,
vulnerabilities, attacks, and mitigations. In Proceedings of the 6th international
workshop on trustworthy embedded devices (pp. 45-54). ACM.
Dorri, A., Kamel, S. R., & Kheirkhah, E. (2015). Security challenges in mobile ad hoc
networks: A survey. arXiv preprint arXiv:1503.03233.
ENERGY, L. I. (2016). Designing Security and Working With Architects. Effective Physical
Security, 291.
Fennelly, L. J., & Perry, M. (2016). Physical security: 150 things you should know.
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Gerdeman, J. (2015). RFID Changing Gates. IEEE Potentials, 34(5), 40-42.
Kountouras, A., Kintis, P., Lever, C., Chen, Y., Nadji, Y., Dagon, D., ... & Joffe, R. (2016,
September). Enabling network security through active DNS datasets. In International
Symposium on Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses (pp. 188-208). Springer,
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Massey University, N. (2019). Massey University of New Zealand - Te Kunenga Ki Pūrehuroa
- Massey University. Retrieved 19 September 2019, from https://www.massey.ac.nz/

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Michalak, R., & Rysavy, M. D. (2019). Data Privacy and Academic Libraries: Non-PII, PII,
and Librarians’ Reflections (Part 2). Journal of Library Administration, 59(7), 768-785.
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