Security Studies Analysis Report

Running head: SECURITY STUDIES
Security Studies
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Author Note

1SECURITY STUDIES
The purpose of the following paper is to highlight on the questions of security issues
within the country. Both the external and internal security systems must be preserved properly to
keep peace within the country. The executive department should function properly so the law
and order can be maintained. Two terms have been very common in the recent times in terms of
national security. The first one is insurgency and the opposite one is counter insurgency. In some
cases, insurgency happens within a country when the government is unable to control the people
of the country and executes activities that are harmful for civilians (Paul et al., 2013). The
context of Iraqi insurgency will be discussed in this paper to address its reasons. On the other
hand, the context of American counterinsurgency will be highlighted when they took proper care
of Afghanistan after Osama bin Laden and his Al-Qaeda turned World Trade Center into dust.
Both these events will be compared to analyze them. Policy recommendations will also be
provided to counterinsurgency experts on how they can tackle this issue very easily.
The first case that would be discussed in this section is that of Iraqi insurgency. This
event took place from the beginning of this 21st century. This has happened several times starting
from 2003. It has not been resolved after US troops were withdrawn from Iraq (Paul et al., 2013).
The insurgency of Sunni and Shi’ite Muslims in Iraq was developing more and its impacts were
mostly negative. More violence occurred in the region as inter group conflicts were on the rise
on a regular basis. The religious contrasts between sub categories of Islam gave birth to such
insurgency.
Here it is clear both the groups had hatred in their minds against Christians and they
despised the Americans. However, it is believed by some critics that there were several political
reasons behind this insurgency (Paul et al., 2013). This insurgency took place in two phases. It
had been observed by United Nations throughout Iraq that many prohibited weapons were

2SECURITY STUDIES
present all over the country without official permission. Thus, all these ammunitions were
illegally kept by the Iraqi government. Experts of international relations suspected many militant
groups were associated with these incidents. The Ba’ath Party was controlled by Saddam
Hussein in Iraq that had its roots in Syria. They wanted to dominate the Kurds and Shi’ite
Muslims because these two communities were minorities. The Sunni Muslims wanted to
establish their supremacy in the country.
Therefore, something must have been done to stop this insurgency. Apart from that, the
rise of ISIS in Iraq was also a reason for the insurgency in Iraq (Carruthers, 2015). These militant
groups wanted to eliminate all other minority groups and establish their supreme regime by the
name of Islam. Here they used the camouflage of Islamic religion so they could be successful in
their political demands (Paul et al., 2013). They wanted to gain the larger portion of the country
through setting up their own government. This faction of ISIS also opposed the Syrian
government and they retaliated against the Syrian army.
After the death of Iraqi chief Saddam Hussein, allied forces of United Kingdom and
United States found a safe haven in the north eastern regions of Iraq (Giustozzi, 2017). When
United States withdrew all their forces from Iraq, these Islamic militant groups became active
again. The situations went out of control after the withdrawal of US Armed forces. The militants
began large scale bombings in various states of Iraq. They began to kill the innocent people of
the country and humanistic organizations were called into action. Such level of violence was a
huge barrier to establish peace in the country (Paul et al., 2013). The law and order in Iraq was
completely broken and it needed the attention of international organizations like UN and NATO.