Primary Health Care in a Global

This assignment discusses the social determinants of health, including equity and social justice, and how they contribute to causing or solving health issues. It also interprets epidemiological studies on a specific health issue. The role of nurses in primary health care is examined, including their efforts to solve the identified health issue. The use of cultural competence in the nurse's role is reflected upon in supporting this health issue.

Primary Health Care in a
Global

Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Task..................................................................................................................................................3
1.Discuss the social determinants of health including equity, social justice and how they
contributed to causing or solving this health issues...............................................................3
2. Interpret epidemiological studies that have been conducted identifying this health issue. 4
3. Examine the primary health care role of nurses in chosen country, including discussion on
what they are doing to help solve the health issue recognised. .............................................5
4.Reflect on the use of cultural competence in the Primary Health Care nurse role in
supporting this health issue ...................................................................................................7
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................8
References .......................................................................................................................................9

Introduction
The primary health care in global is determined as right in their community, this is the
important postulate of primary health care. The PHC is define the increasing population in health
of person that require in the lifetime period. It consider the social well being, mental as well as
physical, This is the focused of people instead of disease centralised (Wilson,2017). This the
entire approach in the society which regard the health promotion, palliative care, rehabilitation,
prevention and treatment. In the England approx population are suffering from severe cancer like
breast, lung, heart, throat cancer etc. and are dying by cancer. To treat cancer in primary health
care, the nurses play an vital role to treat with cancerous patients. In this assignment, it will
discussed about the social determinants of health consider social justice and equity and
contribution to resolve issues. Furthermore, it will talking about interpret epidemiological studies
that have been conducted recognising their health problems. Moreover, this will defined about
the role of nurse in primary healthcare and reflect the cultural competence in PHC role of nurse
in the trouble in health.
Task
1.Discuss the social determinants of health including equity, social justice and how they
contributed to causing or solving this health issues.
The social determinants of health is the non-medical component that can impact on a
health of the persons and their consequences. It is the situation in which persons are live, work,
grow, age, born as well as the broader set of systems and forces that shaping the situation in the
regular life. These systems and forces consider as political, economic and social policies, societal
norms and the developmental agendas. The social determinants factors are include as social
support, early childhood development, education, housing and gender, income etc. For example
ongoing challenges from the effect of colonisation, systemic racism, Inuit and Metis individual,
lack of determination that effect on health and their determinants.
In Equity, it refer as Justice, the equity of health is based on the idea on the notion of
ethical issues that distributive on justice and laws. By, following health equity awful that
minimising equation in the global health care on the other hand in the main determinants of
health. It consider changeable physical, social conditions and medical care. It express the the
medical and social determinants of health just because people are liable to exist he main

determinants of health equivalence. The social equity is the developmental, legal, environmental,
economic rights to evaluate to the corporate beginning in the society with an whole extensive
effort by source of equal penetration of all members of society to assure the length of service of
the collective informant or tom deprive the person lives of social team as indivisible, mutually
comparable pinnacles to the direction of the individual and community members with regarding
the rights to evaluate identification or access (Ting,2016). The equity resolve the health issue as
in the education is to ensure that the government of the country should provided the materials,
training, resources what they necessary to design an inequitable classroom. Furthermore, they
evaluate the strategies and programs to help their goal of equity or alter entire students to
succeed who are suffering from the primary health diseases.
On the other hand, the social Justice is deserve for everyone for the equal opportunities
and their rights. It consider as the right for the better primary health care. The goal of the social
justice is to develop a society and community in which arrangement of informant is inequitable
or entire team are psychologically and physically secure or safe. It is manifested in the cultural,
economic, political life. In the daily routine the persons without any differentiation among the
three of social justice (Shaik,2016). The procedure is for achieve the score or goal is very critical
and must be participatory and democratic. This positive and inclusive of human ability and
authorities for employed get together with different patients to modify heavy form and disrupt
their behaviours. The social justice is empathy and is rooted in love, compassion, poise entails
endurance at a margin of the societal group. In the social justice the unhygienic polluted
environment is spreading the diseases so that the government has to resolve by the cleaning of
rivers, stop industrial hazards and municipal wastes.
2. Interpret epidemiological studies that have been conducted identifying this health issue.
This medical speciality problems are consist in needs of health assessment. It has been
defined the investigation of the organization or their determinants of health associated states or
events in particular citizens of the country or the postulation of the research to control of welfare
issues. For example the as a primary health issues is associated with Cancer for instance lung,
heart, throat cancer etc. The various cases of cancer in England it constantly arise. In 2016, there
were 303,135 cancers patients has enrolled. This is equal to the 828 latest cases that has been
diagnosed in each and every day in the duration of 2016. The cancers average as in organs like
colorectal is 11.5%, lung 12.7%, prostate 13.4%, breast 15.2%. This cancers go along to

relationship for over one-half of the cancer registry in England for all ages of people are pooled
(Banerjee, (2015) .Most of the cancers were documented in females 148,116 than males 155,019.
And crosswise the relative quantity of cancer sites, Instead of female more males diagnosed. It is
the continual characteristic of the data as reportable in last years cancer written account
documents. Moreover, The rates of this illness are increasing at a alarming ratio in whole areas to
around the world and are associated to the ageing of the population. Cancers is chiefly a disease
and older people are suffering most in the country, with the aged 65 years or over accountancy
for 65.3% of the total cancers recorded in 2016. As well as the standardisation ratio of cancer
record as per 100,000 persons have enhanced in both females and males in 1995 to 2016. In the
duration of this period cancer incidence rates have raised from 648.8 to 663.4 within 100,000
males or from 469.6 to 541.1 per 100,000 females in the England. Furthermore, usually, cancer
frequency ratio have raised over time to time, In the last decade the age standardised cancer ratio
for women has enhanced from 516.2 per 100,000 feminine in 20016 to 541.1 in 2016 year.
For men, the ratio of cancer has enhanced from 671.0 per 100,000 males in 2006 to a
peak of 704.4 per 100,000 in 2013. In the 2013, a little step-down in the men the organ is
prostate cancer frequency from 192.1 per 100,000 to 173.7 in 2016 has constituted to all cancer
ratio for those men who were suffering from cancer that falling 663.4 per 100,000 males in 2016.
The colorectal cancer has also reduced in both female and male. The standardised age
rate for this illness was 84.4 cases per 100,000 of people and 55.4 cases per 100,000 female sin
2016. Furthermore, the gap between lung cancer rate in both females and males go along to
constrictive ratio. The frequency rate for lung cancer has reduced in males were 101.5 per
100,000 males in 2016 to 89.8 cases per 100,000 in 2016. While the lung cancer in females has
raised at the same time period 57.9 cases as per 100,000 females in 2016 to 65.5 per 100,000 in
2016 (Evans, (2017).
The second most cancer for both males and females was lung cancer. In 2014, there were
37,453 on an average 20,127 were males and 17,326 were females was documented in England.
The ratio of lung cancer is 13.3 males and 11.9 in females of the total documentation. Th3e
standardised age lung cancer rate was higher in males which is 40.5% and in females 91.6 as per
100,000 males were registered in 2014 as well as 65.2 % females as per the millions of people.
In the duration of early 1970s to 1980s, the generality of smoking fell between males and raised

between females (Malik and Bhutta, (2018). The on going figures advisable that 80% of death
from trachea, lung and bronchus cancer were dimension to smoking.
The rare cancer were recognised by using 6 per 100,000 population explanation using a
rough average of the female and male age standard (Sheikh, (2015). In 2014, cancer of the larynx
was more common for males with ratio of 6.7 as per 100,000 in comparing with females at 1.2
per 100,000.
Furthermore, the frequency of older people, aged was 65 and above, they living with
cancer has developed by 30,000 or 23% in the fiver years to 2015. The number of persons who
have survived more five years or more than this years since diagnosis has enhanced by over
260,000 as well 21% in 2015. Furthermore, The number of cancerous people who are living in
England is raising by 3% in each and every year. And the number of cancer survivors in country
has projected to raise by just about 100,000 per decade from 2010- 2040. The refreshed figures
at April 2016, that is previously published figures are taken from the corresponding cancer
registration report for instance figures for 2013 were taken from the report published in july2015.
3. Examine the primary health care role of nurses in chosen country, including discussion on
what they are doing to help solve the health issue recognised.
The role of nurses in primary health care is an fulfilling and exciting region for the nurses
to function in the hospitals(Meads, 2017). The possibility to change in the relationship which is
long term with their patients and sick persons. To assist people is to handle their well-being
within their own areas. They can be involved where people loves not their illness. Here it can
analyse the various type of roles in the PHC for nurses. The role of nursing across primary
healthcare can dissent relying on that position, team, population as well as their knowledge,
confidence and skills. There are several responsibilities in PHC for Cancer treat by nurses that
may consider as:
Role in general practice
In the general the role include as problem solving, quality control, coordination, care of
patient and being an representative of property. Six generic main role are defined:
Patient carer- The clinical relationships and activities for those persons who are suffering
with cancer

Organiser- The features of sickness attention for example feedback, reminders, recall
systems, results etc. by nurses in primary health care in England.
Quality controller- Managing the process of certification or different risk and quality
administration activities for instance safe disposal of sharps and infection control.
Problem Solver- They solve their issues in morning on a daily basis like alleviating triage
stress for receptionists, addressing patient emergencies.
Role in Community services
There are assorted roles of nursing in community health services for instance, chronic and
sub acute care, Home nursing regarding as aged, disability and rehabilitation, palliative care for
cancer. (Kooienga, 2015). Moreover, Outreach services like to public housing estates or boarding
houses and homeless population, Child and maternal health. Furthermore, refugee or asylum
seeker health.
Role in correctional health services
It is provided the chances to implies the needs of mental and physical health in the
specific surroundings. The care practitioner are frequent the major resource of health connection
for unfortunate health of individual or generally handle the issues such as, Pathology, general
health, medication vaccination, general wellness assessments, chronic disease management,
alcohol and drug support and treatment, mental health. Furthermore, the roles may cover as
health promotion, healthy ageing, illness prevention, treatment and care of those cancerous
persons community development of England. (Jacob,2014).They recognised the health issues
which is cancer, diagnosis, consequences, outcomes, evaluation, assessment that has been
defined as a major or substance of nursing. They collect all the data to determine the patient state
of health and recognise the features which may impact wellness.
4.Reflect on the use of cultural competence in the Primary Health Care nurse role in supporting
this health issue
The use of cultural competence between healthcare professionals to resolve the health
issues is non inheritable wholly by the leadership. The impact of socio-economic within health
services must be including when creating the approach as the most fundamental persons are not
forever the equal individuals as the formal. The cultural competence is determined as the
capability of suppliers or the administration to efficaciously convey the health care services
which meet the linguistic needful, cultural, social needs of the patients. Moreover, A civilization

competent health care system that can assist to improve the outcomes or the quality of care in
primary health issues in cancer. And they can change to the removal of ethnic and racial health
gestation.
several examples are, it is associated with the schemes to move health care system to the
way of those content consider by giving applicable preparation on appreciation or cross cultural
problem to health professionals like nurses (Boppart,2014). They processing policies that trim
down the administrative and managing the lingual obstacle for the care of the patient.
The appreciation and lingually various patients evaluate the services which is related to
the primary health care issues less than the anchor accumulation and are faced with several
obstacle for example lawful regulation and the deviation in health beliefs. This compass critique
aims to accumulate the strategies and components from accessed interference. It gives culturally
capable healthcare for culturally and lingually different patients within primary healthcare and
analyse their impacts on selected phenomenon criterion. There are several ways to gives
culturally competent by using nursing care are as follows:
To perform a cultural competence self assessment
They define their own weakness and strength when it comes to working with persons
who are came from various cultures is may be on of the most essential modes to assist and
encourage the cultural competence.
To obtain a certificate in cultural competence
They can enhance the cultural consciousness, skills, knowledge by culturally competent
according to their seminar, workshops and training. Moreover, the internet beside offer great
content which can aid improve in the cultural competence.
Conclusion
From the above report it has been concluded that the social determinants like equity or
the social justice and the solving the health issue by various methods. The factors are consider as
social support, education, housing and gender, income etc. Equity is for the justice based on
health is based though on the notion of ethical issues which depend on the justice and laws, As
well as the social justice is to create the community ans society in which arctangent of informant
is inequitable or whole team are safe and secure physical and mentally. On the other side it has
been terminated that the role of nurses in context of cancer and how they are resolve the issues of
the primary health care problems. Furthermore it has been determined that the epidemiology of

this study and to recognise the cancer health issue. Moreover, reflect on the use of cultural
competence.

References
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