Scaling Back Prison in Australia: Innovative Approaches to Crime Prevention and Justice
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Added on  2023/01/11
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This essay discusses the need for scaling back prison in Australia and focusing on alternative methods for crime prevention and justice. It explores innovative approaches such as community justice, restorative justice, problem-solving justice, and procedural justice.
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Should the use of prison in Australia be scaled back and our resources focused on alternative methods that we know can work
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CRIMINOLOGY Due to changes in time, the nature of crime are increasing and also the rating of criminal in Australia are also increasing. Thus, it is necessary to bring innovative ideas in the country to prevent the crime and secure the right of the citizen and individual to live freely in society1. In recent times, various techniques are adapted by the police to prevent the crime or also change the nature of the criminal to move in right direction2. In this journey, the courts are also transforming their justice procedure regarding giving the criminals more chances to transform their lives and deal in good activities. In this essay, the discussion is based upon examining the alternative methods to prevent crime or also innovating the form of justice in community corrections. Crime prevention refers to mainly focusing on reducing the impact of crime in the country through handling the illegal offences in innovative manner. As due to changes in time, the mind of the criminal are also enhancing and also they are using various ways to run from the prison3. Thus, in respect of adapting the crime prevention various aspects are to be undertaken which results in scaling back the punishment through putting the surveillance. In this aspects, by improving the surveillances near to the homes, or mid public places helps in detaching the offences in faster way4. Through this manner, it results in contributing to the social changes by imposing surveillance camera in the society which monitor and control the offences and also inform the person timely regarding facing any illegal activity near to that place. Environment changes mainly lies on the bases of examining any activity which is undertaken on air or land. It is mainly committed through any graffiti and domestic commercial waste must be cleared up within the stipulated time period5. As some duty is also to be carried by the local citizen regarding complaining to the public authority about the broken street lights or fly tipping garbage6. In respect of preventing the crime, report is to be 1Marchetti, E. (2019). Indigenous and Domestic and Family Violence Specialist Courts. InIndigenous Courts, Culture and Partner Violence.(pp. 31-52). Palgrave Macmillan, London. 2Daly,K.(2016).Whatisrestorativejustice?Freshanswerstoavexed question.Victims & Offenders.11(1). 9-29. 3Tait, D. (2018). Rituals and spaces in innovative courts.Griffith Law Review.27(2). 233-253. 4Colvin, V., & Stenning, P. (Eds.). (2018).The evolving role of the public prosecutor: Challenges and innovations. Routledge. 5The 10 Principles of Crime Prevention. 2020. [Online]. Available through: < https://www.westyorkshire.police.uk/advice/10-principles-crime-prevention/10- principles-crime-prevention/10-principles-crime-prevention>. 6Carrington, K., Hogg, R., Scott, J., & Sozzo, M. (Eds.). (2018).The palgrave handbookofcriminologyandtheglobalsouth.(pp.1983-2015).Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan.
made to the police and in return police office imposed punishment as it carried to be the criminal offences. In recent time, it is necessary to bring innovation in the form of justice which results in securing the person from dealing in any illegal offences. Thus, the NJC collaborate with the Australian center for court innovation outlines various tools for innovative approaches to Justice7. The major innovation is relating to the community justice which indicated that it refers to the problems solving procedure which helps the victim to make the things better. In this case, the innovation is mainly undertaken regarding altering the balance of power between the justice system and citizens8. They also giving chances to participate in the dispute resolution process. As before making any judgment on the bases of viewing the victim’s situation, effective communication is to be undertaken, so that fair and respectful treatment is to be made between the accused and victim. In Victoria, Collingwood which is located in the city of Yarra are preferred to be the first Australian community country as in this city the issues is raised regarding facing higher level of social disadvantages such as discriminating the person on the bases of caste, sex, culture, region etc9. In such manner, the community justice is engaged in the early stage to bring development in the city and also to prevent crime. AnotherinnovationismainlyundertakenthroughadaptingtheTherapeutic Jurisprudence, as in this innovation is undertaken in respect of taking decision by examining how law and mental health of the person are interact. Thus, this can be beneficial or harmful in respect of providing justice to parties10. As in some cases the offences occurs regarding not carrying the intention to commit crime and such crime occurs in context of self-defense. Some criminal take this innovation as their advantages from securing themselves from such criminal offences. But this innovation is useful for the person which are suffering from mental health issues or also drug addicted11. By this manner, instead of imposing the severe punishment, they are given chances to improve their condition through attending the NGO. The implication of bringing justice in Australia is relating to giving liberty under the Narcotic drugs Act, 1967. As it is not necessary that every drug is enhanced for the wrong perspective, 7Blackley, R., & Bartels, L. (2018). The Sentencing and Treatment of Juvenile Sex Offenders in Australia. 8Gordon,G.(2019)."Weddedtothestate'srequirements":Restorativeand communityjusticeprocessesinAotearoa/NewZealand.NewZealand Sociology.34(1). 27-50. 9Schaefer, L., & Beriman, M. (2019). Problem-solving courts in Australia: A review of problems and solutions.Victims & Offenders.14(3). 344-359. 10InnovativeJusticeProcesses:RestorativeJustice,IndigenousJustice,and TherapueticJurisprudence.2020.[Online].Availablethrough: <https://www.indigenousjustice.gov.au/resources/innovative-justice-processes- restorative-justice-indigenous-justice-and-therapuetic-jurisprudence/>. 11Blagg, H. (2017). Doing Research With The Aboriginal Domain as a Non-indigenous Criminologist.InThePalgraveHandbookofAustralianandNewZealand Criminology, Crime and Justice.(pp. 753-768). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
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some laws are specially designed to secure or give right to use the drugs under the medical treatment. In respect of Restorative justice, it indicates that the platform is given to the accused and victim to confront the crime and also the reason committing such offences. Through this manner the reason behind the crime is examined and also the victim is given chance to resolve the matters. The main principles of choosing this innovation is that the crime is caused and also it harm to victims and secondly it helps the community to understand about the nature of crime and also the reason of committing the crime12. It considered to be one of the best innovation in the form of justice as it bring together victims and offenders and also confronts the issues so that if the person committed the crime than he again send to reoffending. This innovation is mainly useful in the case of juvenile justice context as in this case the actual matters is identified and also appropriate legal action are taken to examine the actual matters and also the reason of committing crime. Through this manner, justice can be provided in respect of giving the appropriate time to both the parties to settle the matters. A platform is to be given in respect of confronting the issues which results in committing the illegal offences. In context of problem Solving justice, it indicates that various option are given to the person regarding resolving the disputes through undertaking the dispute resolution procedure. In this system, various method are examined such as negotiation, arbitration, mediation etc. This is one of the most important method in respect of providing justice as the conflict are resolved out of courts and also timely judgment is given to the parties13. The implication which is undertaken through this innovation is relating to saving the time of the courts regarding not dealing in any such matters which can be easily resolved by the parties’ through the out of court settlement. Innovation is also identified in the form of undertaking the Procedural Justice which indicated that in respect of getting justice, it is necessary for the litigation to present the true and fair evidence before the courts. As in relation to getting fair decision, it is necessary for the litigation to present the matter through their own voice and also respect the judicial officers, lawyers and court staff14. In respect of litigation, they had to respect the decision and judgment given by them and also they had to work under their rights and duties which they carried in the court. The implication which is examined is relating to giving adequate opportunity to both the parties to present the true and fair evidences. Thus, it results in getting the accurate judgment by the evidence provided. In context of understanding the various innovative form of justice, it results in protecting the crime in the country and also giving rights to the parties to take their own 12Zinsstag, E., & Keenan, M. (Eds.). (2017).Restorative responses to sexual violence: legal, social and therapeutic dimensions. Taylor & Francis. 13Blagg, H., Tulich, T., & May, S. (2019). Aboriginal youth with foetal alcohol spectrumdisorderandenmeshmentintheAustralianjusticesystem:canan intercultural form of restorative justice make a difference?.Contemporary Justice Review.22(2). 105-121. 14McGuire,M.R.,&Holt,T.J.(Eds.).(2017).TheRoutledgeHandbookof Technology, Crime and Justice. Taylor & Francis.
decisions. The major benefits which is gained through this aspects is relating to the giving the offender the chances to accept the crime and also instead of imposing harsh punishment, they’re given additional rights to change their behavior. Innovative form of justice is mainly adapted in respect of treating every person in equal manner and also adequate opportunity is given to both the person to present the matters and evidence to prove the reason of committing the crime15. Most of the criminal activities are undertaken through the support of the political party and thus the impact raised is also high. In such manner Restorative justice form helps in providing the platform to the victim and accused to accept the crime and also the reason of doing such offences. Most of the conflict are raised regarding facing cultural bias regarding not accepting other culture people in the society. This can be proved through the form of the organizing various cultural events which is different to the other culture16. Thus conflict raised regarding not inviting them or also not respecting their culture. This can be resolved in respect of problem solving innovation as instead of reaching to court to get justice, they can settle the matters out of courts where they appoint the arbitrators to settle the matters. From this essay, it is stated that the justice process are similar in every case but offenders given the chances to prove their innocence or the reason of committing the offences. It is also examined that there are various innovative forms of justice to secure the community from criminal offences. In respect of securing the country, it is necessary to prevent crime by taking initiative action to prevent the right of the victims. 15Graham, H., & White, R. (2016). The ethics of innovation in criminal justice.The Routledge Handbook of Criminal Justice Ethics. 267. 16Marchetti, E. (2017). Indigenous Sentencing Courts in Australia. InThe Palgrave Handbook of Australian and New Zealand Criminology, Crime and Justice.(pp. 379- 392). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.