Shree P M Patel College of Electronics and Communication, Anand S.Y.B.Sc. Semester –III US03CELE21 Electronics Devices – I Unit – 1 Electronic Components •Introduction An electronic component may appear quite complicated and may be capable of performing fantastic function. All electronic circuits, however complicated contain a few basic components. Generally speaking, there are basic five electronic components which are used in mostly all electronic circuits. This component are of the order of two different types either active component or passive components. Active components are the elements or devices which are capable of providing or delivers energy to the circuit. Passive components are the devices which do not require any external source for the operation and are capable of storing energy in the form of voltage or current in the circuit. •Block diagram of electric components
•Difference between active and passive components •Resistor Resistors are components used to resist the flow of electric current and have a stated value of Resistance. Many types of resistors are used having different uses and construction. The most common types have a fixed value of resistance so are often called fixed resistors. They are shown on circuit schematic diagrams The unit of resistor is ohm (ᾨ). The resistor are made in many forms either fixed or variable resistor. The two main characteristics of a resistor are its resistance, R, in ohms and its power rating, P, in Watts. The resistance, R, provides the required reduction in current or the desired drop in voltage.
The wattage rating indicates the amount of power the resistor can safely dissipate as heat. The wattage rating is always more than the actual amount of power dissipated by the resistor, as a safety factor. Various types of fixed resistors are used in circuits, they are the most numerous of all electronic components and their most common job is to reduce voltages and currents around a circuit so that ‘active components’, transistors and integrated circuits for example, that carry out tasks such as producing or amplifying signals within the circuit are supplied with the correct voltages and currents to work properly. Resistors are also used in conjunction with other components such as inductors and capacitors to process signals in many ways. Because resistors are ‘passive components’ they cannot amplify or increase voltages currents or signals, they can only reduce them. Nevertheless, they are a most essential part of any electronic circuit. There are two basic types of resistors. 1. Linear Resistors 2. Non Linear Resistors Linear Resistors: Those resistors, which values change with the applied voltage and temperature, are called linear resistors. In other words, a resistor, which current value is directly proportional to the applied voltage is known as linear resistors. Generally, there are two types of resistors which have linear properties. 1. Fixed Resistors 2. Variable Resistors
➢Fixed Resistors: As the name tells everything, fixed resistor is a resistor which has a specific value and we can’t change the value of fixed resistors. Types of Fixed resistors. 1. Carbon Composition Resistors 2. Wire Wound Resistors 3. Thin Film Resistors 4. Thick Film Resistors 1. Carbon Composition Resistors: A typical fixed resistor is made from the mixture of granulated or powdered carbon or graphite, insulation filler, or a resin binder. The ratio of the insulation material determines the actual resistance of the resistor. The insulating powder (binder) made in the shape of rods and there are two metal caps on the both ends of the rod. There are two conductor wires on the both ends of the resistor for easy connectivity in the circuit via soldering. A plastic coat covers the rods with different color codes (printed) which denote the resistance value. They are available in 1 ohm to 25 mega ohms and in power rating from ¼ watt to up to 5 Watts.
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