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Sleep Loss Hypothesis (doc)

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Added on  2019-11-08

Sleep Loss Hypothesis (doc)

   Added on 2019-11-08

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Running head: SLEEP LOSSSleep Loss HypothesisName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor Note
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1 SLEEP LOSSThere are several hypothesis postulated in order to ascertain the affect of sleepdeprivation on the degree of mental alertness. This essay discusses on the two most importanthypothesis postulated in the domain of sleep deprivation and tries to finds the significance ofthose two hypotheses under the light of the six different research papers conducted under thesimilar domain.Hypothesis 1: Sustained Attention Performance During Sleep Deprivation: Evidence ofState InstabilityAccording to the hypothesis postulated by Doran, Dongen, Dinges, sleep deprivationin humans did not eradicate the strength to deliver neurobehavioral functions but on contraryit creates a imbalance in the state to alertness of the sleep deprived individual, preventing himor her in maintain stable pr alert performance for more than a minute. Sleep deprivation hassignificant affect on the performance variability and it is expressed as intermittent lapsing.This sleep deprivation affects the causes a state if instability along with as escalatinghomeostatic drive for sleep, uncontrolled initiation of sleep and strong resistance to preventsleep by using compensatory effort. This state of instability affects the neurobehavioralperformance. This imbalance in the neurobehavioral performance causes moment to momentdivergence from attention with is associated with the homeostatic drive for sleep andcircadian promotion of wakefulness. The Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) Using done viaimplementing 88 hours of sleep deprivation was conducted in order to prove this hypothesis.The obtained results showed that the controlled group who was allowed to take 2 hours ofNAP after every 12 hours (88 hours total) performed better in the PVT. Moreover, the resultsalso showed that the performance variability of those who were kept awake for more than 18hours at a stretch, declines rapidly accompanied with lack of motivation (Doran et al., 2001).
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2 SLEEP LOSSHowever, the hypothesis claims that the state of instability does not eliminate thesustained neurobehavioral responses. It only hampers or decelerates specific neurobehavioralfunctions like alertness, problem solving skills, psychomotor skills while promoting falseresponding. A sleep deprived person is able to perform short term task with alertness butwhen the difficulty and the duration of the task increases then the sleep deprived personsfaces problems and this problem increases with the tenure of the sleep deprivation (Doran etal., 2001).Hypothesis 2: Prefrontal Neuropsychological Effects of Sleep Deprivation in YoungAdults—a Model for Healthy AgingThe prefrontal complex is the portion of the brain which is mainly responsible for avariety of different complex behaviors which includes planning as well as contributes topersonal development. This is located in the front of the frontal lobe of the brain. Authorshave found integral link between a people will to live along with their personalitydevelopment and that of the functions of prefrontal cortex. They also contribute to decisionmaking and moderating social behaviour. However, authors have developed a hypothesiswhich states that sleep deprivation in young adults results in impairment of the prefrontalcortex which is very similar to that of the preferential impairment that occurs in old agepeople during the time of their healthy aging. Authors are of the opinion that young peoplewho suffer from sleep deprivation results in changes of the prefrontal complex in a patternwhich is very similar to the modification that occur naturally in the prefrontal region of thebrain in the old people. Therefore they have put forward a hypothesis that of they conductresearch models by taking sleep deprived patients of the younger cohort, they would be ableto study the normal process of aging of the brain of the old which would be beneficial forinvention of new facts (Harrison, Horne & Rothwell, 2000).
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3 SLEEP LOSSComparison of both the hypothesis:Both the hypothesis reflects two different arenas of research. The first hypothesismainly determines the activity of the prefrontal cortex in the sleep deprived young people.This hypothesis mainly talk about choosing the model of alterations occurring in the brain ofsleep deprived young individuals which according to the authors are comparable to thealteration that take place during healthy aging of the old people. On the other hypothesize,authors mainly stressed on the performance level of individuals working in asleep deprivedcondition. In this hypothesis , authors state that long sleep deprived individuals are seen oprovide forced compensatory effort which help them to accomplish short time tasks but theyfail to provide concentration and attention when they are asked to complete in long sustainedtask which requires continuous attention. If the individuals are provided naps in between, thelapses frequency reduces resulting in better concentration. Otherwise the individuals who aresleep deprived will have frequent sleep attacks as well as lapses which will ultimately resultthe individual to go into uncontrollable sleep which eliminate wakefulness itself in theindividual.A number of studies have been conducted so far in order to ascertain the basis of thesetwo above-mentioned hypotheses. The current essay sheds light on how these two above-mentioned hypotheses hold true or deviated in the actual case scenarios. The comparison orthe relatedness of these hypotheses is done via analysing 6 research papers which are framed'specifically to ascertain the significance of these two hypotheses. “Increasing Task Difficulty Facilitates the Cerebral Compensatory Response toTotal Sleep Deprivation” this study was conducted by Sean and this group of researchers inthe year of 2004. Their aim of the study is to analyse the affect of task difficulty on thecerebral compensatory response of total sleep deprived people. Here the participants where
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