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Smart Card based user authentication in maintaining data integrity and privacy of medical health records

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Added on 2024/06/28

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This literature review explores the use of smart card-based user authentication in securing medical health records. It examines various techniques and algorithms, including certificateless aggregate signature schemes, privacy-preserving data integrity verification models, verifiable keyword search schemes, and robust two-factor authentication schemes. The review analyzes the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of each approach, highlighting their potential for enhancing data integrity and privacy in healthcare settings. The review also discusses the role of distributed ledger technologies, fog computing, and the Internet of Things in securing medical data.

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Literature Review
Student Name & CSU ID
Project Topic Title Smart Card based user authentication in maintaining data integrity and privacy of medical health records
1

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Version 1.0 _ Week 1 (5 Journal Papers from CSU Library)
1
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Kumar, P., Kumari, S., Sharma, V., Sangaiah, A. K., Wei, J., & Li, X. (2017). A Certificateless aggregate
signature scheme for healthcare wireless sensor network. Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems.
Citation that will be in the content (Kumar, et. al., 2017)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://ac-els-cdn-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/
S2210537917300227/1-s2.0-
S2210537917300227-main.pdf?
_tid=819f5332-39f3-441d-9f11-
97f01ccad1dc&acdnat=1532063198_bb21a
6c24faf79a52ecb120071388933
Level of Journal – Q2 Certificateless aggregate signature scheme, Diffie-Hellman
assumption, Healthcare wireless sensor network, Security
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques/algorithm :
CL-AS (Certificateless aggregate
signature) scheme
Tools:
Internet, wireless standards, wireless sensor
networks.
Applied Area:
Healthcare
Problem:
The authors claim that certificate management,
while the system generates public key for
match up, is very complex and resource
utilizing process.
Goal:
The research aims to increase the security of
patient's online available medical data by
introducing the aggregate signature scheme.
 E-health (Electronic Health)
 Random Oracle Model
 Diffie-Hellman assumption
 Sensors
 healthcare professionals
 personal digital assistant (PDA)
2

The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Data gathering –
The sensed data is gathered by healthcare
professionals. Further, data is analysed to
provide prescription to the patient.
Sensors have the capability of calculation. N/A
2 Medical server –
Medical servers are used to transfer the patient’s
information to healthcare professionals.
Strong computing power, Storage space and
has capability to process a large amount of
data received by sensors.
N/A
3 Aggregators –
Collecting the signature from care-district and
generate aggregated signature and transfer to
Medical server.
Limited power of computation and calculation. Limited power of computation and
calculation.
4 Signature transfer through sensors –
Sensors are embedded with the private-public
key pair which belongs to Care-district.
Capable to generate signed message from a
physical word by using private key.
Resource-limited.
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
signature schemes (ID-PKC) public key cryptography
Random Oracle Model security analysis
3

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work,
and Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
KGC takes a user’s identity
as input.
The input of the research is to
develop a scheme which is
supported signature
authentication for accessing
medical data of patient.
Targeted identity with the
corresponding public key set
The output is to improvise
security of communication in
healthcare wireless sensor
network using aggregate
signature scheme. That could
increase the patient satisfaction
with the medical service.
Certificateless signature (CLS) scheme has
been proposed in the paper. It could
increase the security of communication in
healthcare wireless sensor network.
The proposed include aggregate signature
that increase the security while accessing
the data online.
The proposal is more efficient in terms of
energy consumption and computational
cost.
Calculation and computation by the
sensors are still the limitations in the
research. Although, it is not a big issue
to resolve but the tiny one.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
In accordance with Kumar et al. (2017), CL-AS (Certificate less
aggregate signature) scheme can be introduced as an assumption
for the proposed scheme. The aggregate signature-based
authentication mechanism in healthcare wireless sensor network
shall enhance the medical data security of the patients using their
identity (Kumar et al., 2017)
The inducers of the proposed mechanism
are hospitals & patients. The scheme
introduced shall aid in securing the medical
health records via aggregated signature of
patient.
The proposed framework for chronically
ill patients will help to enhance the
process of in-hospital and out-hospital
data to get vaulted and get the access
through third-party applications.
Diagram/Flowchart
4

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Figure – framework of healthcare wireless sensor network
5

Figure - Architecture of healthcare wireless sensor network (HWSN)
Figure – Setup of noise leakage experiment
6

2
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Xu, J., Wei, L., Wu, W., Wang, A., Zhang, Y., & Zhou, F. (2018). Privacy-preserving data integrity verification
by using lightweight streaming authenticated data structures for healthcare cyber–physical system. Future
Generation Computer Systems.
Citation that will be in the content (Xu, et al., 2017)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://ac-els-cdn-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/
S0167739X17326067/1-s2.0-
S0167739X17326067-main.pdf?
_tid=c0303bc4-0c85-44fa-b68c-
858d5e5060e0&acdnat=1532106809_f458
e06b40b469a6ff6ccbf115b51be5
Level of Journal - Q1 Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs), Cloud computing,
Authenticated data structures, Cyber-physical system (CPS),
Healthcare
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Privacy preserving data integrity
verification model by using lightweight
streaming authenticated data structures
(PPDIVM-LSADS)
Tools:
Electronic health records (EHRs)
Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs)
Applied Area:
Problem:
In this journal, the authors identified that the
major issue with existing cyber-physical
system is underdeveloped security in medical
data management. Further, hostile
environments integrity is disturbed.
Goal:
The goal of the research is to develop a
privacy-preserving data integrity verification
by using lightweight streaming authenticated
 Cyber-physical system (CPS)
 Cloud computing,
 Electronic health records (EHRs)
 Health-CPS
7

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Health-CPS data structures for healthcare cyber–physical
system
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Data source –
Gather the real-time data from the source or
body of the patient or client. Information such as
body temperature & blood pressure. If the client
or patient willing to get the detail about data,
this process route the query to the system
through authentication.
Reduce the storage issue Range query
2 Cloud server –
Provide query and storage services. It receives
and collects the data from the source If the client
or patient willing to get the detail about data,
this process route the query to the system
through authentication.
Multitasking at the same time Plaintext weights thus prone to hijacking
3 Data user –
This is the main step as it generates a pair key
for the authentication. Public key forwarding to
server and private key retain itself.
The procedure provides security to the process. N/A
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
8

Data weights VerfierTree
Lightweight Streaming Authenticated Data Structure Fully Homomorphic encryption
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
An empty data
structure and
private key
In order is to improve
the security and
authentication system
data access using the
two-way
authentication
scheme.
Public/private key
pair
The out of the
research is to provide
private and public key
of the storage data so
that client or hospital
can access the data
and care the patient
effectively.
The feature of this research is to introduce three
entities data source, data server, data user. These
entities are based on the PPDIVM-LADS system.
This proposed system provides data server
capability to generate public and private key to get
the access to data available in cloud storage.
This research has a few limitations such as storage
capacity and computation. The author had
illuminated these issues to be compelling the
processing of the projected scheme.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
In the research proposed PPDIVM-LADS
(Privacy-preserving data integrity verification-
lightweight streaming authenticated data
structures) system for increasing the security of
healthcare data (Xu et al., 2018).
Clients and hospitals are projected to be the major
users of this scheme as illuminated by the author.
The system can be used for securing the un-stored
data that is in need to be restored after storage thus
aiming to eradicate issue in the wearable devices.
Also, enhancing the security of healthcare data.
In the research, author has been proposed a system
Health-CPS based on cloud computing. The two-
way authentication provided security to the
medical data.
Diagram/Flowchart
9

Figure – Proposed system overview.
10

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3
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Chen, Z., Zhang, F., Zhang, P., Liu, J. K., Huang, J., Zhao, H., & Shen, J. (2018). Verifiable keyword search for
secure big data-based mobile healthcare networks with fine-grained authorization control. Future Generation
Computer Systems, 87, 712-724.
Citation that will be in the content (Chen, et. al., 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/article/
pii/S0167739X17300730
Level of Journal - Q1 Mobile healthcare networks, Big data, Verifiable keyword
search, Authorization control, Invertible Bloom lookup table
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Bloom lookup table and Merkle hash tree
Tools:
Big data
Wearable devices
Applied Area:
Healthcare data security
Problem:
The problem on which the research is, while
wider adoptions are made in MHNs- Mobile
healthcare networks, untrusted servers are
engaged for data encryption. However, in this
process the data flexibility is affected.
Goal:
The authors of this research have aimed to
introduce a scheme that is based on keyword
searching. It is projected to be increasing the
cloud data security while anyone attempts to
attain access.
 Mobile healthcare networks (MHNs)
 Internet of Things (IoT)
 Cloud service provider (CSP)
 Invertible Bloom lookup table (IBLT)
11

The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Initialisation of the system-
Generate two keys public and private. Public
key publishes and private key retains itself.
Security parameters used for key generation. N/A
2 Secret key generation –
By using public key and private key, secret key
generated.
Algorithm used is advance in the key
generation
Computational difficulty
3 Encryption –
When client or user willing to upload data and
need access to that. Collaboration of two
algorithms does the encryption process.
Secure process Time-consuming
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Wearable device Access networks
MHNs big data scheme
Cryptography library cpabe toolkit and the Java Pairing
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
12

and Why (Justify) research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
Authorization control
ciphertext of selected
parameter
The input of the research is to
develop a scheme which is
having capability of increasing
the security of healthcare data
while client uploading or
downloading the detail.
Decisional bilinear Diffie–
Hellman (DBDH) solution
The output of the research
provides assurance of increase
in security of wireless data
storage or big data. It will help
user to feel free with the
health-data.
The research has been developed a
verification-based keyword search scheme
for big data based Mobile healthcare
network (MHN). This scheme provides
ability to the process to get the
identification of the person who is willing
to access the data.
The limitation of the current solution is
the issue of storage. While getting the
data upload on the big data user feels
storage limitation on the system.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
In the research, two components have been introduced with the
keyword scheme these are invertible Bloom lookup table (IBLT)
and Merkle hash tree (MHT). The proposed system secured the
data with verification process (Chen et al., 2018).
The inducers of the proposed scheme are
wearable device user and hospitals or
patients who are willing to store healthcare
data in the cloud for increasing the security
of their data.
The author has been introduced a scheme
based upon Merkle hash tree (MHT) and
Bloom lookup table (IBLT). Hence, by
going with the claim of the author
verification process will increase the big
data health-data security.
Diagram/Flowchart
13

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Figure – Proposed scheme model
14

4
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Wu, F., Li, X., Sangaiah, A. K., Xu, L., Kumari, S., Wu, L., & Shen, J. (2018). A lightweight and robust two-
factor authentication scheme for personalized healthcare systems using wireless medical sensor
networks. Future Generation Computer Systems, 82, 727-737.
Citation that will be in the content (Wu, et. al., 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/article/
pii/S0167739X1730523X
Level of Journal - Q1 Wireless medical sensor network, Mutual authentication,
Proverif tool, User anonymity, Personalized healthcare
system
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques/algorithm :
Wireless medical sensor network
(WMSNs)
Tools:
Smartphone
Proverif
Patient with sensor
Applied Area:
e-healthcare
Problem:
As the professional place sensors on patient’s
bodies there exist security issues. The
historical authentication systems were not very
fruitful.
Goal:
The research focuses on the enhancement of
security of data of patient. Doctors face issue
with the chance of revealing personal data of
patient while giving prescriptions.
 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)
 Internet of Things (IoT)
 Personalized healthcare systems (PHSs)
 social IoT (SIoT)
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
15

Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Registration –
Sensor registration and user registration are two
types of registration in proposed scheme.
Two-way registration provides security. N/A
2 Authentication –
This algorithm consists of 5 step authentications
of user. Through smartphone to computer
etcetera.
It strengthens the pass and generates private
key
Not secure against off-line guessing attacks
3 Password change –
Particular gateway has been provided for the
user who wants to change their password.
The feature provides satisfaction to the user. N/A
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Registration phase Sensor registration & User registration
two factors security system password and the mobile device
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work,
and Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
User defined ID and User identity authentication
In the research enhancement in Wireless
medical sensor network has been provided
The limitation which needs to focus on
the current solution is security issue of
16

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password
The input of the research is to
develop an authentication
system to enhance the security
of the cloud-stored medical
data.
The output of the proposed
scheme provided
authentication and password
feature to the cloud storage
phenomenon.
using Proverif tool, which increases the
security and decreases the chance of
simulated attacks.
the medical data gateway
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
In the proposal, Proverif tool has been used in the scheme as the
reducer of simulated attacks. In addition, research also introduce
the advance Wireless medical sensor network (WMSNs) which
provide authentication step while getting the medical data
information (Wu et al., 2018)
The inducer or user of the proposed scheme
is patients who required detail frequently
for the treatment and wants to secure their
personal data between hospital and them.
The research made the enhancement in
current Wireless medical sensor network
which helps to increase the security and
privacy of the medical data.
Diagram/Flowchart
17

Figure – Architecture of proposed scheme
18

5
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Amin, R., Islam, S. H., Biswas, G. P., & Obaidat, M. S. (2018). A robust mutual authentication protocol for
WSN with multiple base-stations. Ad Hoc Networks, 75, 1-18.
Citation that will be in the content (Amin, et. al., 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/article/
pii/S1570870518300647
Level of Journal - Q1 WSN (Wireless Sensor Network), Authentication, BAN logic
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques/algorithm :
MBS-UAKA
Tools:
Cluster
Sensor
Applied Area:
Data communication
Problem:
The authors analysed that the increasing
number of users reduce the quality of service
provided in data communication in WSNs.
Goal:
The research focuses on the development of
the scheme that increases the quality of service
as well as the security.
 Internet of Things
 Ad Hoc Networks
 Sensor node
 BAN logic
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 User registration phase – Unique ID helps to block unethical activity. Lesser precision
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Making unique ID, checking the existence of
entered database and getting smartcard are the
subprocesses.
2 Login and authentication Phase –
Execution of registration steps through the smart
card.
Increase the security N/A
3 Password renewal and smartcard revocation
–
Provide user the access to change their password
and in addition get extra card in case of stolen or
lost.
User Satisfaction Falsely rejected identification of true data
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
WSN protocol multiple gateway nodes
Base stations Cluster and sensor node
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work,
and Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View) Multiple base-stations based UAKA (MBS-
UAKA) protocol has been introduced in the
Lightweight and robust protocol will be
the focus in further research as it is the
20

Smartcard
The input of the research uses
authentication and smart card
technology to increase privacy
and security of data
communication in wireless
sensor network.
Fixed-length hash value
The output of the system is
that the various authentication
protocols using multiple base-
stations increased the quality
of the service and further,
secure communication and
authentication.
research that could overcome the issue of
security and privacy. Many schemes have
been already introduced but these issues
have remained resolve.
limitation in the present solution.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
In the research, lightweight MBS-UAKA protocol has been
introduced which increase the quality of data communication and
further reduce the issue of security and privacy of health data with
authentication and smartcard process (Amin et al., 2018)
The protocol has been developed for the
secure and private data communication. It
would help patient or user to keep their
medical data safe and secure within the
storage.
The developed protocol has been
introduced to make increment in security
and privacy of the data communication
process. Hence, it could be used for
security purpose.
Diagram/Flowchart
21

Figure – proposed communication model
22

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Version 2.0 _ Week 2 (10 Papers = 5 NEW Journal Papers + Updated pervious 5 papers that you worked on them in Version 1.0)
6
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Limbasiya, T., Garg, M., & Shandil, S. (2018). Advanced verification system using a smart card for smart city
users. Physical Communication.
Citation that will be in the content (Limbasiya, et. al., 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://ac-els-cdn-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/
S1874490717304561/1-s2.0-
S1874490717304561-main.pdf?
_tid=f440a17b-76a1-4fe2-b3de-
cb7c0454102d&acdnat=1532623397_03be
1a1b079309a8ceb23f396e2642cc
Level of journal –Q2 Attack, Internet of Things, Smart card, Remote user, Session
key
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Comprehensive key management protocol
based privacy preserving mechanism
Tools:
Smart card
Biometric
Applied Area:
E-health
Problem:
The main problem of the research is to increase
the security and privacy of healthcare data.
Goal:
The goal of the research is to discuss various
privacy preserving mechanism for making e-
health solution better
 Information and communication technologies
 Electronic media recorder
 PHR - personal health records
 HIPAA
23

The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Public Key Encryption (PKE) –
In this process two keys public and private
generated. Public key disclosed publicly where
private key kept secret.
PKE scheme is safe and secure Making public key security is challenge
2 RBAC - Role based access control –
It provides access to share resourced based on
organizational role.
Policy administration-based system N/A
3 ABAC - attribute based access control –
It determined by the subject and object
combinations relationship
Having capability of driving fined grained
access.
N/A
4 Biometric authentication –
Biometric security provides ease to secure the
data by using biological properties of human
beings.
Biometric authentication removed key
encryption process.
Issue with change in weather conditions
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Computer Patient records
Privacy contracts Symmetric cryptosystem
PKE Mutual authentication
24

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
PPM
The input of the
research is to present
privacy preserving
mechanism to
increase privacy and
security of healthcare
data.
The output of the data
is to increase security
and privacy of
medical/health data of
the patient by using
biometric etcetera
authentication
schemes.
The features of proposed mechanism are various
authentication schemes for securing medical data.
Biometric authentication is widely used mechanism
for securing medical data. It required biological
data of the human being to secure particular data.
In the current solution, smartcard access control is
the limitation. As in the case of smartcard, user
should be present every time as the access. Hence,
flexibility is the issue in current solution.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
In the paper, privacy present mechanisms have
been discussed and various encryption and
authentication scheme for securing medical data
has been focused (Limbasiya, et. al., 2018).
The end users of the proposed schemes are medical
data users. These authentications schemes would
increase the security of the medical data of user.
Authors have been focused on the various
authentication schemes for securing medical data
of patients. Hence, it could increase the user
believe to keep their medical data secure.
Diagram/Flowchart
25

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Figure -secure authentication on cloud centre
26
BAN/WSN Aggregator/
coordinator Network Authentication
Server Users
Cloud
Server

7
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Beng, T. C., Hijazi, M. H. A., Lim, Y., & Gani, A. (2018). A survey on Proof of Retrievability for cloud data
integrity and availability: Cloud storage state-of-the-art, issues, solutions and future trends. Journal of Network
and Computer Applications.
Citation that will be in the content (Beng, et. al., 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://ac-els-cdn-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/
S1084804518301048/1-s2.0-
S1084804518301048-main.pdf?
_tid=47087200-eebd-4915-a381-
72fd006e4514&acdnat=1532623607_1d8f
0ba6b04b4041a8cc454680338f5c
Level of journal – Q1 Cloud computing, Cloud storage integrity scheme, Proof of
Retrievability, Data integrity, Data availability
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Cryptographic Defence Mechanisms
Tools:
Web interface
Applied Area:
Cloud data security
Problem:
The problem on which research focused is loss
of data control and clouds abstract nature.
Goal:
The goal of the research is to propose
Cryptographic Defence Mechanisms for
increasing security of stored data.
 CapEx
 OpEx
 Cloud service provider
 SLA
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
27

Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Use case –
It provides user a web interface through which
uses can store their data in cloud to CPS cloud
platform.
Provide web interface to the user N/A
2 Threat model –
Malicious users, Lazy and Cheap providers,
honest but curious provider. These are the three
threat models.
Threat models using in data auditing. Complications in threat usage.
3 Comparison –
In the process all the mechanisms got compared
and check how long privacy will support.
It provides exact comparison of mechanisms. N/A
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Attribute Encryption
Key pair User’s unique ID
FHE - Fully Homomorphic Encryption Gentry’s framework
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
CDM The output of the
research is to increase
The feature of the process is cryptographic defence
mechanism as it increases the privacy and security
of the cloud data storage and removes the privacy
The limitations of the research on which further
research can be made these are new security &
privacy features and decrease the complexity of
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The input of the
research is to
introduce
cryptographic defence
mechanisms to
overcome privacy
issue and security
issues.
the security and
privacy of the cloud
storage environment
and ease the process
of cloud storage for
clients.
issue facing by client in cloud storage environment. the proposed process.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
In the research, cryptography defence mechanism
has been introduced to increase the privacy and
security of the cloud storage data and CloudProof,
HAIL, DepSKY etc. systems have been discussed
(Beng, et. al., 2018)
The end user of the proposed system is clients of
cloud storage who are accessing cloud to store their
data e.g.: medical data. The proposed system would
provide security and privacy to their stored data.
In the research, authors have been introduced
system which is increasing the privacy and
security of cloud stored data. So it would help
project to enhance privacy and security of cloud
stored data.
Diagram/Flowchart
29

Figure- cloud data services model
30

8
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Brogan, J., Baskaran, I., & Ramachandran, N. (2018). Authenticating Health Activity Data Using Distributed
Ledger Technologies. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal.
Citation that will be in the content (Brogan, et. al., 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://ac-els-cdn-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/
S2001037018300345/1-s2.0-
S2001037018300345-main.pdf?
_tid=075a3825-2d4c-4789-a9aa-
f3993354cbba&acdnat=1532496230_f446f
a563554d7db6ab74e3ad988610b
Level of Journal- Q2 Blockchain, eHealth, Remote monitoring, Activity data,
Distributed ledger technologies, Medical sensor, Wearable
devices
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc.)
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Merkel hash technique
Tools:
Wearable devices
Medical sensors
Applied Area:
Healthcare data
Problem:
The problem of the research is insecure sharing
of medical data, its storage and access the
stored medical data.
Goal:
The goal of the research is to introduce
distributed ledger technology to increase the
integrity and authenticity of wearable device
data and advance the eHealth.
 IOTA protocol
 Masked Authenticated Messaging (MAM)
 one-time signature (OTS)
 Digital Signature Scheme
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
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Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Authenticated Data Structures-
The process includes data integrity, message
code authentication & digital signature.
Accurate Authentication N/A
2 Merkel Hash Technique –
The Merkel Hash Tree (MHT) is the key
component in the process. Elements are denoted
as leaf for the calculation.
MHT makes the process advance Complicacy in calculation
3 OTS & MSS –
One time signature scheme provide key based
signature authentication and Merkel signature
scheme provide way to use single public key to
verify multiple one time signature.
Combination of private/public key and OTS
provide strong authentication
Limited signature under one public key
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Distributed ledger Blockchain
OTS - one-time signature One-way hash function
MSS - Merkle signature scheme MHT - Merkle Hash Tree
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
32

Input (Data) Output (View)
OTS & MHT
The input of the
research is to
introduce one time
signature, Merkel
signature scheme and
Merkel hash
technique to advance
the authentication
process of medical
data record.
The output of the
research is to increase
healthcare security
and enhance the
authentication
technique to secure
the medical data of
patient.
The feature of proposed Distributed Ledger
Technology is Merkel hash technique and one time
signature. The proposed schemes increase the
security of the healthcare data. As the proposed
scheme are well built under the encryption
guidelines.
In the proposed technology, swapping of
authentication keys between users and servers is
issue to focus in the future and also mandatory
presence of patient to access medical data is the
limitation as in the case of emergency it would not
be possible for patient to recall.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
In the research, OTS, MHT and MSS are the
techniques discussed in the research. The
proposed techniques are enhancing the medical
data security and privacy (Brogan, et. al., 2018).
The end users of the proposed technologies are
users having medical data secure in records. The
proposed technologies are tend to increase the
privacy and security of the health care data for the
patients
Authors have been proposed distributed ledger
technologies to develop scheme based on various
authentication steps. This would help research to
get more advances in term of medical data
authentication.
Diagram/Flowchart
33

Figure – Flow diagram of proposed technology
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9
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Hossain, M., Islam, S. R., Ali, F., Kwak, K. S., & Hasan, R. (2018). An Internet of Things-based health
prescription assistant and its security system design. Future Generation Computer Systems, 82, 422-439.
Citation that will be in the content (Hossain, et. al., 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://ac-els-cdn-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/
S0167739X17314085/1-s2.0-
S0167739X17314085-main.pdf?
_tid=75b781ad-cdbc-41c5-a752-
49810a796d30&acdnat=1532504195_016d
d069fc0c7d16e0fdfe60156753fb
Level of Journal – Q1 Internet of things, Health assistant, Security system,
Healthcare, Telemedicine
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Security Access Token (SAT) based health
prescription assistant (HPA)
Tools:
Attributed- based Access Control (ABAC)
IoT medical devices
DCCapBAC
Applied Area:
Healthcare
Problem:
The problem of the research is accessibility of
healthcare data and its security.
Goal:
The goal of the research is to introduce
Security Access Token. SAT giving way to the
user to access their medical data using IoT
devices as tool.
 IoT
 OpenID
 ABAC
 RBAC
 ACL
 CapBAC
35

The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Authentication process –
User send login request and select IdP. Further,
by filling credentials and after verification of
credentials user get Secrete certificate (SCert)
User credential provide accurate identification N/A
2 Service access ticket (SAT) generation
process –
After getting SCert user ask for SAT and by
checking IdP’s signature UDI get generated.
Block Blacklisted users User’s presence required
3 SAT verification process –
In this process service access tickets get verified
for further process.
It provides excess security N/A
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Internet of Things HPA
IPv6 Low- power wireless BAN
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View) The feature of the presented techniques is UID and
IdP’s of the user. Such features increase the security
The limitations in the current solution are lack of
security of secured medical data of any individual
36

SAT
The input of the
system is to introduce
security access token
system. In the way of
enhancing security of
healthcare data.
The output of the
research is to provide
secure access to the
store medical data and
forth to increase the
security and privacy
of the same.
of medical secure data by using various
authentication process of the user. User goes
through different verification processes to get the
access of secured medical data.
patient. The limitation should be overcome as it
life-threatening for the patient.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
In the research, various advance authentication
processes has been introduced by using Internet
of Thing devices. Schemes such as, SAT, SCert,
UID etcetera (Hossain, et. al., 2018).
The end users of the proposed techniques are
patients and hospitals to secure the medical data
and maintain the confidentiality of the healthcare
data.
In the research, authors have been introduced
medical data security techniques through various
authentication processes. It would help in the
research to carryout security lacks.
Diagram/Flowchart
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Figure – security components
38

Figure – Authorization components
39

10
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Rahmani, A. M., Gia, T. N., Negash, B., Anzanpour, A., Azimi, I., Jiang, M., & Liljeberg, P. (2018). Exploiting
smart e-Health gateways at the edge of healthcare Internet-of-Things: A fog computing approach. Future
Generation Computer Systems, 78, 641-658.
Citation that will be in the content (Rahmani, et. al., 2018)
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://ac-els-cdn-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/
S0167739X17302121/1-s2.0-
S0167739X17302121-main.pdf?
_tid=29474116-678e-49b8-a795-
f89dfd6ae777&acdnat=1532511627_972b0
1a19a9db4cecb4e37497d08ae02
Level of Journal – Q1 IoT, Healthcare, Mobility, Smart hospital, Smart gateway,
Sensor network, Edge/Fog computing, Home care
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Fog computing
Tools:
Internet of Things, CPS, IPtable
Applied Area:
Healthcare data security
Problem:
The problems on which the research focused
are energy inefficiency, reliability issues of
mobile healthcare system.
Goal:
The goal of the research is to propose Fog
computing for increasing the scalability,
reliability and energy efficiency of the system.
 Cyber–Physical Systems (CPS)
 Electronic Health (eHealth)
 Mobile Health (mHealth)
 IPtable
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
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Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Processing of local data –
Analysing the streaming data locally and given
intelligence at the gateway
The system react very quick N/A
2 Data filtering process –
After receiving various data from sensors, data
filter before further performances.
Fog layer provide accurate filter Inaccurate at complicates data
3 Data comparison –
The process used for reducing energy
consumption during transaction.
Provide high precision output Addition power and storage required
4 Data analysis process –
The process assisting the system predict and
detect emergency situations
React quicker in emergency situation N/A
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
IoT EWS
For computing Health IoT system
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
41

Input (Data) Output (View)
Fog computing
The input of the
research is to propose
fog computing
approach to enhance
the data transfer as
well as increase the
energy efficiency of
the system.
The output of the
research is to increase
the energy efficiency
of the eHealth transfer
process as well as
increase the reliability
and scalability of the
process.
The features of the proposed system are fog
computing-based Internet of Things system. It
provides ability to store and secure the medical data
of the patient within the authenticated process.
Local data processing, adaptively, local storage,
security is also the feature of the proposed system
Limitation such as life time of battery and power
available for processing. These limitations are
needed to get cover in further study and should be
focused on for energy efficient process.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
In the proposed system, fog computing approach
has been discussed and various features of the
system have been discussed for energy efficient,
reliable and scalable process (Rahmani, et. al.,
2018).
The end user of the proposed fog computing
scheme are eHealth and patients who having their
data secured for treatment assistance
Authors has been introduced fog computing based
system for energy efficient and reliable eHealth
data security process as well as secure data
transfer process.
Diagram/Flowchart
42

Figure – Fog based IoT structure
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Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
44

2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
45

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12
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The Name of the Current Solution
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Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
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What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Problem:
Goal:
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Applied Area:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
47

Why (Justify) current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
Diagram/Flowchart
13
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Citation that will be in the content
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The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution & What are the components of it?
48

Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
What is the Problem that need to be solved
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
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for your project
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URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
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(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
51

Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
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(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
53

1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
54

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(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
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What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Problem:
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Tools:
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Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
56

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
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57

The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
58

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Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
Diagram/Flowchart
59

18
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(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
60

3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
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Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
62

The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
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What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
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Tools:
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Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
65

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
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Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
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5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
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(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
69

Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
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(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Problem:
71

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
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URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
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Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
Diagram/Flowchart
75

25
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
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Version 6.0 _ Week 6 (30 Papers = 5 NEW Journal Papers + Updated pervious 25 papers that you worked on them)
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URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Problem:
Goal:
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Why (Justify) current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
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Diagram/Flowchart
27
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
80

Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
Diagram/Flowchart
28
Reference in APA format that will be in
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URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1
2
3
83

4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
Diagram/Flowchart
84

29
Reference in APA format that will be in
'Reference List'
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name:
Tools:
Applied Area:
Problem:
Goal:
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
85

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(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
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'Reference List'
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/ ...
etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Problem:
87

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Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the research
current solution, and Why (Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is valuable
for your project
Diagram/Flowchart
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