Research Methods and Critical Appraisal on Smoking Cessation Intervention and Strategies

RESEARCH
METHOD AND
CRITICAL
APPRAISAL

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE......................................................................2
CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGY....................................................................................................4
Chosen library database..........................................................................................................4
Framework used to formulate PICO questions......................................................................4
Keywords................................................................................................................................4
Use of Boolean operators and truncation...............................................................................5
Article selected to find results................................................................................................5
Inclusion and exclusion criteria..............................................................................................5
Ethical consideration..............................................................................................................5
CHAPTER 3 RESULTS..................................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 4 CRITICAL APPRAISAL..........................................................................................7
CHAPTER 5 EMERGING THEME...............................................................................................7
CHAPTER 6 RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION........................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
APPENDIX......................................................................................................................................9
CASP table.............................................................................................................................9
PRISMA table........................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
The assignment is focus on the study of intervention and strategy which is focus on the
smoking. The main purpose of assignment is to review some of intervention and strategy which
is showing useful aspect in minimisation of risk or the complication that is associated with the
smoking. In this, the chosen public health topic is smoking. The main reason behind the choosing
of such topic to explore the idea and method which play additional role in the reduction of risk
that may create due to the excessive smoking which include respiratory disease, cancer and many
more. Usually, smoking is defined as the act which is associated with the inhaling and exhaling
the fumes which is based on the burning of the plant material (Carson‐Chahhoud and et. al.,
2019). There are variety of plant that is manufacture with the purpose to smoke. The major
consequence with the smoking is that they addictive and people used to get addiction of such
smoking habits, they also use to cause cancer which is may related with lung, blood and many
more. Moreover, they also used to show the effect on pregnancy which may create complication
with the child development in foetus. In this essay, the discussion follows a short background
and rationale, the methodological aspect which include search strategy, method and inclusion
exclusion criteria. In addition, the result and the critical appraisal is also discussed in order to
provide proper recommendation after the reviewing of articles (Erku and et. al., 2019).
1

CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE
The chosen health topic in this is associated with the smoking and study focus on the
intervention which minimise such habit because it is unhealthy and cause various complication.
The smoking has a higher rate of mortality which may cause issue with people health and rising
cases of cancer and other disease which formulated due to the smoking may cause the issue of
public health. In addition to this, it is clinically diagnosing that they have various complication
which must be known by everyone and quit smoking (How to Quit Smoking, 2021). The
complication which may include cancer, heart disease, respiratory disease and many more. The
importance to choose this topic in order to create awareness and generate information which is
helpful to quit the smoking and reduce the rate of mortality. In the long term, quitting smoking is
useful in order to reduce the patient risk of the developing cancer, heart disease and chronic lung
disease. Moreover, the earlier that is related with the person are used to stop smoking and they
are more their risk of the development ling cancer which is reduced (Farsalinos, and Niaura,
2020).
The smoking prevention is very important is one of the most important action which is taken
in account for the person who used to smoke can take to reduce their risk for the cardiovascular
disease. The reduction of the risk of coronary heart disease with the risk of falling sharply 1 and
2-year core of after the cessation and then they are declining more slowly over the longer period.
In this, the intervention for the smoking is important in order to reduce the rising cases of death.
It is helpful to maintain and improve the quality of life and health among the people. Therefore,
the effective intervention which is based on the population based tobacco that used to work as a
control intervention that include tobacco price enhancement, the high impact of the anti-tobacco
mass media campaign and comprehensive smoke free which is related with the policies. There
are some of the clinical significance are taking into account in order to develop strategies which
create positive aspect on the people life who used to addictive towards the habit of smoking
(Grange and et. al., 2020).
Furthermore, smoking is defined as a habit which require few cigarette day by day that
enhance the person chance of the development of lung cancer. There are some of the immediate
advantage which is associated with smoking cessation that occur only for the hours, weeks and
months after the individual quit smoking. In this, the central benefits which majorly include the
lowering of blood pressure and decreased cough and the phlegm production that has tendency to
2