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PUBH 2001 Social and Political Determinants of Health Assignment

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Social and Political Determinants of Health (PUBH 2001)

   

Added on  2020-03-16

PUBH 2001 Social and Political Determinants of Health Assignment

   

Social and Political Determinants of Health (PUBH 2001)

   Added on 2020-03-16

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Running head: SOCIAL AND POLITICAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTHSocial and Political Determinants of HealthName of the student:Name of the university:Author note:
PUBH 2001 Social and Political Determinants of Health Assignment_1
1SOCIAL AND POLITICAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTHThis assignment demonstrates the social and the political determinants of health inrelation to social gradient in health in the two suburbs of Adelaide. It explains the social and theconceptual model of the determinants of health. It also focuses on the key social determinants ofhealth and the health inequalities. Australia is such a place where the health of the people can beclearly differentiated according to the different places of the continent. The government ofAustralia helps in promoting the healthier communities. It also helps in promoting healthyenvironments which can help in preventing the chronic diseases such as obesity, chronic heartdisease, cancer and mental disability. Dahlgren and Whitehead (1991) have explained the social ecological theory to healthwhich focuses on the relationship between individuals, environment and health diseases. Thefirst layer is the personal behavior and ways of living that can help in the promotion or causedamage to the health condition. The second layer is the influences in the community and thesociety which help in providing proper support to the individuals residing in the communitywhen the conditions are not favorable. The third layer consists of structural factors that includeappropriate housing facilities, working conditions proper access to services and the provision ofimportant facilities (Public Health Information and Development Unit, 2014).The conceptual model of health involves several layers. The first layer includes the age,sex and the lifestyle factors. The second layer includes social and community networks. Thethird layer consists of the living and the working conditions including agriculture and theproduction of food, work environment, lack of employment opportunities, water and sanitationfacilities and health care services. There is a social gradient according to statistical data in thelocal area in South Australia. The lowest percentage of individuals rate the condition of theirhealth as poor or fair reside in the relatively advantaged council area of the Adelaide Hills,
PUBH 2001 Social and Political Determinants of Health Assignment_2
2SOCIAL AND POLITICAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTHwhereas the highest portion of individuals live in a relatively disadvantaged area such asPlayford (Dahlgren & Whitehead,1991) .The social determinants of health refer to the conditions in which the individuals areborn, grow, work to improve their lifestyle and deal with several health issues. They are mainlyresponsible for health inequities that refer to the avoidable differences in the health status withinand between different countries (Batterham, et al., 2016). Employment plays an important role inleading to health inequality in Playford, South Australia as it a higher disadvantaged area. Thereare several theories that work in accordance to the social determinants of health such aspsychosocial, materialistic and neo-materialistic theory. The psychosocial theory demonstratesthe effect on the health and well being of individuals when they compare themselves to others.The materialistic framework focuses on the relationship between the living conditions and thehealth effects and the neo materialistic aspect analyzes these living conditions (Hatzenbuehler,Phelan & Link, 2013). In the Adelaide hills the health issues are less as compared to thePlayford. In Playford, due to the unemployment, low income of the family, and a large numberof school leaving children, the health rate of the people are low. Whereas the Adelaide hills, theemployment rate is high which helps in high income rates and most of the children can study inschools. Health inequities refer to the discrimination in the provision of health care services inbetween different groups of population. According to the reports of The Australian Institute ofHealth and Welfare report of the year 2014, 56% of Australians had a good health status but 50%of the population suffered from at least one chronic disease (Newman et al., 2014). The socialdeterminants of health are the situation in which people used to live from birth till death andthese situations are unavoidable. The term SDHI is used to denote social norms, structures and
PUBH 2001 Social and Political Determinants of Health Assignment_3

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