Social Behavior and Its Observation

Running Head: SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND ITS OBSERVATION
SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND ITS OBSERVATION
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SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND ITS OBSERVATION1
Social behavior studies the association and interaction between two or more people or
organisms of the same species who inhabit together. The study of such an interaction at a
given place in a given time accounts for the behavioral pattern of a certain community or
group. Followed by this, it is their practices and beliefs, which leads to the formulation of
groups or communities. The other factors also include the climate, demography, availability
of sustainable living conditions such as food, shelter, clothing, initially, and on a later stage,
the opportunities for trade, education and freedom to practice one’s own beliefs.
This essay shall discuss a social event like a family dinner on New Year’s Eve where
people from different age groups, ideologies, income and social backgrounds come together.
It shall focus on how the various diversified situations affect the communication among or in
between different members of the community. The two social theories used for devising the
basis of observations are the self-development theories of Jean Piaget (1896-1980) and that
put forth by Charles Cooley (1864-1929).
Jean Piaget, a psychologist, specialized on child development and the way in which
social interactions affect the development of a child in the given society. The recognition was
made through a process of negotiation that existed between the imagination of how the world
is in one’s minds and how it actually is when experienced on a personal level though the
interactions in the society. This theory has significantly contributed to the understanding of
self-development (Piaget, 1954). Charles Cooley, a sociologist, asserted that the idea of self-
understanding, which people usually hold, is constructed in a way that is dependent on the
others’ perception of viewing them. He identified this process with the phrase — “the looking
glass self” (Cooley, 1902). This is usually seen in children while they are growing up and
they try to behave as ‘grown-ups’. It is usually the parents they immediately connect to and
try to, first identify with one of them, which is based on gender (usually) and then, imitate
them (OpenStax.org, 2019).
The study of family dinner party on a yearly occasion as the New Year’s Eve is not
just restricted to the family domain but also often, elongated to the extended family and
friends, who are also a part of such get-togethers or parties. The function of such a gathering
is often a ritualistic escape from the busy life to spend some time with their families.
However, there are also challenges to such a large group from free riding practices,
commitment issues and even defects with certain members. Ideological, political indifference
and behaviors often lead to difficult situations, which are aggressive. In the social framework
of a family dinner like this, more often, people not only know each other for a long time but
are also familiar with the positive and negative factors associated with each of them.
Identification of the group members, followed by the values practiced by the given group,
facilitation of cooperation by forming social coalition, and thereby, increasing the cohesion
among the smaller social groups formed, is necessary (Watson, R., & Legare, 2016). Smaller
social groups is an evident factor in such gatherings, mostly owing to the common age-group
beliefs. However, such interactions also exhibit some problems. For example, a youth of
eighteen will share a different relationship with his/her parents much diversified to that of a
ten year old. It is usually seen that those of the same age connect better in such gatherings as
obvious from the formulation of three to four sub-groups — the kids (those below sixteen),
the teenagers/youth (those above sixteen), the middle-aged (those between their forties and
sixties) and the old people (above sixties). This is not just a differentiation based on age but
also based on what these sub-groups have to share in terms of experiences, life and their past