Social Determinants of Health in Nigeria: A Focus on Epidemiological Data and Sustainable Development Goals

This essay discusses the social determinant of health in Nigeria, including the issues of poverty, low economic factors, and lack of education that contribute to poor health outcomes. It explores the prevalence of HIV in Nigeria and the efforts being made to prevent and treat the disease. The essay also highlights the sustainable development goals related to health in Nigeria.

ESSAY

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
The social determinant of health factors is generally contributed in order to influence the
health outcome. In addition to this, they are showing the condition in which the people are
usually born, work, leave, and age, and the wider set the forces and system usually provide the
condition in their daily life. Therefore, the systems are usually included policies and system
which is well related to the development portfolio, social norms, ethics, and political systems.
Various examples are well associated with the social determinant of health. Generally, they
influence health equity in positive and negative ways (Adebisi, Odiachi, & Chikere, 2019).
These are economical social protection, education and employment, working life condition, food
insecurity, housing, basic amenities, early childhood development, structural conflict, and poor
access to health services. In this report, the major discussion is based on the social determinant of
health within Nigeria where a number of people usually face various issues and complications
which may arise in the situation of poor health. Therefore, the people of Nigeria have also faced
the issues of inequalities due to poor social-economic conditions and employment, food
insecurity, housing, social inclusion, discrimination, and many more. The discussion is well
focused on the epidemiological data and sustainable development goal which is well related to
the health issue which is experienced in Nigeria. Moreover, the primary health care services are
also provided to the particular health issue in the terms of availability, acceptability,
affordability, and cultural appropriateness of the services (Bell, Omoluabi, OlaOlorun, Shankar,
& Moreau, 2020).
MAIN BODY
The social determinant of health is usually an important factor which is showing the
condition that generally influences health inequalities. The avoidable differences in health status
are generally seen within the countries due to the social determinant of health. In this, various
countries have a high level of income health and a variety of opportunities where they reduce the
health and equality for the various countries which they face low income, illness, and various
social gradient which lower the social-economic position and make the condition worse as
according to others countries (Chukwuma, & Ekhator-Mobayode, 2019).
The social determinant of health is usually followed by various aspect which is well related
to the shortage of money, power, and resources at the global, national and local level. In addition

to this, Nigeria's health indicators are become more worst in Africa as compared to a fast-
growing population. The low soci0-economic factor which measures contribution is usually
dragging down the health of the country. Therefore, the most appropriate factor that is usually
influencing the health condition in Nigeria is the basic education of want to literate mothers.
Therefore, education is the major factor that is contributed to the lack of education that is directly
related to the condition of HIV. In addition to this, the people of Nigeria are usually facing
various diseases and illnesses but the most common disease in Nigeria is usually associated with
HIV which generally shows their occurrence due to the lack of education and rising illiteracy in
the country. According to the political economy people are usually considered to have a low
economic worth and show the aspect of the delivery of services (Faust, Ekholuenetale, & Yaya,
2018).
The National Bureau of Statistics of Nigeria usually reported that the study decreases in the
gross domestic products in 2015. The gross domestic product usually declined by 0.36% in
quarter one and after that, it is also showing a decrease in the terms of 2.06% in quarter 2.
Therefore, the Nigerian population has a poor economic condition due to education which may
reduce the capabilities and ability to grow faster in the terms of future. Usually, they have poor
housing and lifestyle which is also contributed to poor health access or poor health in terms of
lifestyle. Health services are usually not limited in the numbers but they are high in cost the
gender inequality is offered encountered in the country, where it is traditionally shown their
belief the far in the terms of family resources which is only dominant by a male family member.
These all are usually created a disadvantage for the female and since the mother of a child, the
more uneducated which is well contributed within Nigeria that impacts the people from learning
and development is due to the poor access of education of lack of sex education (Karran, Grant,
& Moseley, 2020).
Nigeria is usually ranked third among the countries with the highest burden of HIV infection
in the world. In the context to 2019, the Nigeria National HIV indicators and impact survey
usually found that 2 million people are usually facing the issues of HIV and living with the
condition. However, HIV is the more prevalent among the people in the prison (Ubi, & Ndem,
2019). Therefore, the particular people who inject drugs have a susceptibility to having an issue
of HIV. According to a recent study on HIV prevalence in the Nigerian person, it is well
analyzed that 2.8% of the people are facing the issues of HIV due to the injected drug in the

prison and they are contributing to the poor health in Nigeria. These are the data that is well
provided in terms to show prevalence for the condition of Nigeria that is usually focused on the
general population. Various epidemiological data is well related with the HIV conditions that is
fostered within Nigeria due to the poor health access and another factor such as poor social-
economic condition and lack of education is the main factor that influence the health condition of
Nigeria among the general population (Muhammad, Hudu, & Kang, 2020).
In order to create a sustainable development goal, it is helpful to create the prevention for
the HIV that is rising within Nigeria. In addition, there are various programs are used to be held
with the help of those who is co-sponsor of the joint United Nations program on HIV usually
support the Nigerians in order to achieve the universal access to comprehensive HIV prevention,
treatment, care and support services for the people who is facing the issues of HIV that create the
complications with their life (Raimi, Oluwatoyin, & Olalekan, 2020). More significantly,
UNODC provides the ability to build the operational research and provision of technical support
in order to provide the awareness regards with the contraceptive and other factors which is
contributed in order to reducing the risk of HIV within the particular country. They usually make
the efforts in order to focus on the improvement of evidence base policy review and
development, reduction of issues, and gender-sensitive shows in the Nigeria correlation centers.
In addition, the federal ministry of health is also taking a step in order to make the proper
prevention and minimization of risk with the help of awareness in terms of contraception,
condoms, and many more to the general population which plays a vital role to reduce the cases of
HIV among Nigeria (Nwosu, & Ataguba, 2019).
The sustainable development goal has usually shown various factors which is an influence in
such a way that create a logical and authentic data and information for the prevention of disease
which is related to the sexually transmitted disease in Nigeria. The people of Nigeria are usually
get affected by HIV due to the lack of knowledge and education regarding with sexually
transmitted diseases in which they require proper support and care from the health ministries to
make awareness which makes concluded in order to reduce the complications (Orji, Chime, &
Ezechukwu, 2019). Therefore, the people of Nigeria are usually creating a better understanding
and participation in the health approaches which are usually governed by the government and
regulated with the vision to reduce the implication and factor that may influence the health
condition of people. These are the sustainable goal which is to show a generalized form for the

Nigerian people which have a purpose to provide reliable and approach life to the Nigerian
people (Ojelabi, Bamgboye, & Ling, 2019).
CONCLUSION
As per the above discussion, it is well analyzed that the social determinant of health usually
contributed to the poor access to health in a particular country. In addition to this, the report
usually justifies a brief account of the Nigerian people who facing health inequality due to
poverty, low economic factor, and various determinants which are well contributed in order to
make the life of the people poor. The proper step is used to be taken while interpreting the data
or information the people of Nigeria are facing the issues of HIV due to the lack of information
and knowledge regarding the sexually transmitted disease. Whereas, the sustainable development
goal is used to be improvement and order to make the affordability, acceptability towards the
health status and health equality.

REFERENCES
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