Social Determinants of Coronary Heart Disease in Australia
Verified
Added on  2023/04/07
|8
|1194
|377
AI Summary
This paper discusses the social determinants of coronary heart disease in Australia, including the prevalence of the disease and its impact on different populations. It also explores the role of physical environment and employment conditions in the prevalence of the disease.
Contribute Materials
Your contribution can guide someone’s learning journey. Share your
documents today.
Running Head: SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN AUSTRALIA Social determinants of coronary heart disease Students Name University Affiliation Date
Secure Best Marks with AI Grader
Need help grading? Try our AI Grader for instant feedback on your assignments.
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN AUSTRALIA 2 Social determinants of coronary heart disease in Australia Introduction Cardiovascular Disease is a term used to describe all the heart-related illness like stroke, heart failure, coronary heart disease, rheumatic heart disease and acute heart fever. It is one of the key causes of burden of disease and death in Australia (Grant & Draper, 2018). This paper will focus coronary heart disease as a cardiovascular disease in Australia. Australia is one of the countries in the globe with the highest rates of coronary heart disease. This paper will discuss the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in Australia as well as the social determinants of the disease. Prevalence of coronary heart disease Coronary heart disease happens when the blood vessels are blocked so that the supply of the blood to the heart muscle is restricted. Coronary heart disease occurs in two main forms, that is, heart failure and angina. Coronary heart disease mostly affects the older people are they are at high risk of developing heart failure (Alstonet al.2016). It is the most common form of cardiovascular disease in Australia. Nevertheless, it can be prevented if effective preventing measures are put in place such reducing cigarette smoking (Luxtonet al.2018), high blood cholesterol, improved physical activity etc. in 2014-2015, it was approximated that 644000 adults in Australia were diagnosed with coronary heart disease (Tully & Higgins, 2014). Out of this number, 280000 were diagnosed with angina, 429000 had heart attack, and 56000 had other forms of coronary heart disease. moreover, 109000 older adults were diagnosed with heart failure, a common resultant symptom of coronary heart disease. The disease occurred in older adults and it recorded that it is ten times higher in individuals aged 75 and over as compared to
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN AUSTRALIA 3 those who are aged 45-53. It is also approximated that about 65400 individuals who are aged 25 and over were diagnosed with acute coronary event in the form of angina or heart failure in 2013. The rate of age standardization reduced by 30% between 2007 and 2013. In the same period of 2014-2015, there were about 150000 cases of hospitalization of the disease of which 37% were due to acute myocardial infection and 35% were due to angina. Most of the cases were due emergency basis, that is, myocardial infection (81%) as well as angina (64%) (Xanthoset al. 2016). Social determinants of coronary heart in Australia Physical environment and the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in Australia Social determinants of health are described as health settings in which individuals live, are born in, work, grow up, and age. They also include systems put in place to provide healthcare services to a community. Consequently, the circumstances are shaped by social policies, economics, and politics. Physical environment and the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in Australia Some of the risk factors of coronary heart disease include gender, age, and different physical environmental factors. Socioeconomic status has been linked to the prevalence of coronary heart disease. Moreover, it has been established that the disease is more prevalent in remote and rural areas in the country as well as in the slum areas. These areas restricted access to healthcare services and resources and low socioeconomic status. Most of the indigenous people in the country live in rural and remote areas, thus, have little and limited access to healthcare services that aid them in reducing and minimizing the effects coronary heart disease among
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN AUSTRALIA 4 them. This explains why the disease is prevalent among the indigenous people than the non- indigenous population (Wiemerset al. 2018). Employment and working conditions of rheumatic heart disease in Australia Worldwide, coronary heart disease is mostly found in developing countries or among vulnerable and disadvantaged population within the developed countries. In countries in which with people safeguarded by better living standards, the rates of the disease are ideally zero. This scenario pinpoints economic conditions on the progression to the disease. Even though a direct link between poverty and rheumatic heart disease has not been found, there is a positive relationship between coronary heart disease and employment. The Aboriginal and the Torres Strait Islander are the most disadvantaged population in Australia; thus, they do not have suitable and favorable employment opportunities which can improve their living standards. Most of them work in poorly managed working environments which are overcrowded and have limited access to healthcare facilities. Low-income standards, as well as education level, have increased the risk factor of coronary heart attack among the indigenous population in the country. On the other hand, the non-indigenous population have good access to healthcare services and their level of income is better than those of the indigenous population. Thus, most of the cases of coronary heart diseases are found in the poor working environment as well as in overcrowded households which are mostly occupied by the poor indigenous population. Conclusion The rates of coronary heart disease are high in Australia than in other countries globally Presently the national government of the country has declared it as one of the health priorities
Paraphrase This Document
Need a fresh take? Get an instant paraphrase of this document with our AI Paraphraser
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN AUSTRALIA 5 which must be prevented and reduced to ensure that quality life is attained. It is important for the government to address the social determinants of coronary heart disease like environmental factors, employment and working conditions which exacerbate the prevalence of the disease.
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN AUSTRALIA 6 References Alston, LV, Peterson, KL, Jacobs, JP, Allender, S & Nichols, M 2016, ‘A systematic review of published interventions for primary and secondary prevention of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in rural populations of Australia’,BMC Public Health,vol. 16(1), pp. 1–11. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3548-1 Grant, R & Draper, N 2018, ‘The importance of Indigenous Health Liaison Officers and family meetings to improve cardiovascular outcomes in Indigenous Australians’,Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health,vol. 42(5), pp. 499–500. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12824 Luxton, NA, Shih, P, Rahman, MA, Adams, R & MacKenzie, R 2018, ‘Use of electronic cigarettes in the perioperative period: A mixed-method study exploring perceptions of cardiothoracic patients in Australia’,Tobacco Induced Diseases, vol. 16, pp. 1–11. Retrieved fromhttps://doi.org/10.18332/tid/98957 Tully, PJ & Higgins, R 2014, ‘Depression Screening, Assessment, and Treatment for Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A Review for Psychologists’,Australian Psychologist,vol. 49(6), pp. 337–344. Retrieved fromhttps://doi.org/10.1111/ap.12075 Wiemers, PD, Marney, L, Yadav, S, Tam, R & Fraser, JF 2018, ‘An Overview of Indigenous Australian Disadvantage in Terms of Ischaemic Heart Disease’,Heart, Lung & Circulation, vol. 27(11), pp. 1274–1284. Retrieved fromhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2018.03.003 Xanthos, PD, Gordon, BA, Begg, S, Nadurata, V & Kingsley, MIC 2016, ‘A comparison of age- standardised event rates for acute and chronic coronary heart disease in metropolitan and
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN AUSTRALIA 7 regional/remote Victoria: a retrospective cohort study’,BMC Public Health, vol. 16(1), pp. 1–6. Retrieved fromhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3081-2
Secure Best Marks with AI Grader
Need help grading? Try our AI Grader for instant feedback on your assignments.