Social Inequality - Canada Vs India

This article provides a comparative study on social inequality in Canada and India. It explores various aspects such as infant mortality rates, crime rates, mortality rate and general health, and social differences. The study highlights the similarities and differences between the two countries in terms of social inequality.

SOCIAL INEQUALITY -Canada Vs India
SOCIAL INEQUALITY
Canada Vs India
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SOCIAL INEQUALITY -Canada Vs India
Table of Contents
Current events that prompted the selection.....................................................................................2
Canada & India................................................................................................................................2
a) Infant Mortality rates...................................................................................................................2
b)Crime rates...................................................................................................................................5
c)Mortality rate and general health..................................................................................................8
d)Social differences.........................................................................................................................9
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SOCIAL INEQUALITY -Canada Vs India
Current events that prompted the selection
The word social inequality is used by sociologists to define the unequal distribution of valued
assets, benefits and roles of community. The notion of cultural distinction is the key to the idea.
Social traits— variations, personalities, and functions — are used to distinguish individuals, to
split them into distinct classifications with economic inequality consequences. Social distinction
alone does not necessarily involve dividing people into a status, privilege, and strength structure.
But if a cultural group, such as class, occupation, ethnicity, or ethnicity, brings individuals in a
situation to demand more funds or facilities.
The comparative study will focus on various similarities and differences between Canada and
India.
Canada & India
Both the countries believe in equality of opportunity, which means equality of living conditions,
literacy conditions, and income conditions. To do this, one has to seek the meritocracy in an
individual and not divide according to caste, creed, and gender.this is known as social
stratification.
While in India, the stratification further divides the population into urban and rural. In urban
areas, the stratification is based on income status, educational qualifications. while in rural areas
the stratification is more diverse are based on caste, class, occupation, race( Saravanan,2015).
American and western countries, the stratification as according to Karl Marx and Max Weber,
is divided into bourgeoisie and the proletariat. However, sociologists have come up with one
more class the sub-proletariat , that is the blue collar and the white collar workers.
a) Infant Mortality rates
Canada :
Growth Rates - 2018
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SOCIAL INEQUALITY -Canada Vs India
· Growt
h Rate
0.72
Percent
Rank:
136
· Natur
al
Growt
h
0.14
Percent
Rank:
184
· Births
Per
1000
10.22 Per
1,000 Rank:
186
·
Growth Rates - 2018
· Growth Rate 0.72 Percent Rank: 136
Mortality Rates - 2018
· Life Expectancy 82.02 Years Rank: 11
· Female 84.80 Years Rank: 13
· Male 79.39 Years Rank: 14
· Deaths Per 1000 8.77 Per 1,000 Rank: 79
· Infant Mortality Rate 4.47 Per 1,000 Births Rank: 189
· Female 4.14 Per 1,000 Births Rank: 187
· Male 4.78 Per 1,000 Births Rank: 190
· Mortality Rate - Age 1-4 0.67 Per 1,000 Births Rank: 207
Net
Migra
nts
per
1000
5.69 Per
1,000
Rank:
18
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SOCIAL INEQUALITY -Canada Vs India
· Female 0.60 Per 1,000 Births Rank: 204
· Male 0.73 Per 1,000 Births Rank: 208
· Mortality Rate - Under Age 5 5.14 Per 1,000 Births Rank: 191
· Female 4.74 Per 1,000 Births Rank: 189
· Male 5.51 Per 1,000 Births Rank: 192
Land Area
· Area
· Square Miles 3,855,103
· Square Kilometers 9,984,670
· Area Rank
· North America Rank: 1
· Worldwide Rank: 3
Figure:1.Growth and mortality rate chart
Canada ranks quite high in showing the decline of infant mortality rate. This is because the
improving health care conditions and growth in income to avail the healthcare compared to any
less developed countries like India.
The recent SRS newsletter shows that India has decreased four points from 36 live births in 1000
live births in 2016 to 33 per 1001 live births in 2017, compared with the decrease in few points
last year. India has shown a marked drop in the IMR (rate of infant mortality) (Porter, 2015).
.
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SOCIAL INEQUALITY -Canada Vs India
47 India 39.1
178 Canada 4.5
But still, the difference lies in the fact that India ranks 47th in the World atlas counting, while
Canada ranks 178th.
b)Crime rates
Figure2: Crime Rates In Canada
Crime reported by the police
2006 2011 2016
real incidents
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SOCIAL INEQUALITY -Canada Vs India
Criminal Code violations (excluding
traffic)
2,359,805 1,984,791 1,895,547
Violent Criminal Code violations 451,654 424,339 381,595
Property crimes 1,566,316 1,214,313 1,163,648
Other Criminal Code violations 341,838 346,141 350,306
Selected violations
Homicide 607 599 612
Sexual assault (levels 1 to 3) 22,246 21,861 21,015
Assault (levels 1 to 3) 240,628 227,057 208,301
Breaking and entering 251,362 181,251 159,118
Motor vehicle theft 158,639 82,461 78,711
Drugs 96,176 113,346 95,418
Impaired driving 76,128 89,606 70,508
Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 252-0051.
Figure 3: Crimes In Canada
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SOCIAL INEQUALITY -Canada Vs India
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SOCIAL INEQUALITY -Canada Vs India
Figure 4: Crime Rate in India - 2017-2018 - Pincode India,
Source: www.pincodeindia.net/crime-rate.php
Crime rates despite decreasing in India is way higher than Canada. This is mainly because of the
higher income rates of Canada where even the poor class has social security and gets the cost of
their sustenance from the government. While in India, there is no such advantages, and the
income inequality is quite distinguished. Per capita income in India goes down to even Rs. 0 in
some areas (McLeman., Schade., & Faist,2016).
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SOCIAL INEQUALITY -Canada Vs India
c)Mortality rate and general health
Canada
Canada is generally a healthy country. The overall death level and life expectancy have enhanced
significantly over a previous couple of centuries, and Canada compares well with other advanced
countries in particular. However, in stopping chronic illnesses, Canada remains to face serious
government health difficulties. The primary cause of mortality worldwide, 65 percent of all
mortalities in Canada each year is main acute illnesses, including cardiovascular disease (CVD),
disease, chronic pulmonary disease (CRD), or other diseases. The second and eighth major
causes of years lose their lives owing to disabilities worldwide are depression and anxiety
illnesses (Kapilashrami, Hill., & Meer,2015).
India
However, the rural (41) and metropolitan (25) differentials as of 2015 are still high. In 2016, the
child death rate was estimated at 34.6 per 1,000 live births. In 1994, the country's low 5 death
level was 113 per 1,000 live births, whereas in 2018 it dropped to 41.1 per 1,001 live births. The
most prevalent cause of disability-adjusted lifetime loss for Indian people as of 2016 was
ischemic heart illness (representing 8.66 percent), 2nd heightened obstructive lung illness
(representing 4.81 percent ), 3rd diarrhea (representing 4.64 percent) and 4th reduced pulmonary
diseases (representing 4.34 per cc) (Jodhka, 2017).
.
d)Social differences
Canada
American popular culture has greatly influenced Canada. The United States TV shows, music,
and films are widely used throughout Canada in such a way that the Government's protection and
funding of Canadian culture products. Canada also has numerous socially liberal institutions,
including full rights of marriage for homosexual couples, universal health care, and the absence
of a death penalty(Jamieson,2016).
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SOCIAL INEQUALITY -Canada Vs India
.
India
India provides an amazing range in nearly every element of social life. Diversities of racial,
cultural, cultural, economic, religious, class, and caste organizations cross Indian culture, which
is also permeated with enormous urban-rural variations and sex distinctions. Differences between
North India and South India are particularly important, especially in kinship and wedding
schemes. Indian culture is multifaceted to an extent perhaps unknown in any other of the world's
major civilizations— it's more like a region as diverse as Europe as any other nation-state.
Adding additional range to modern Indian society results in quick shifts affecting different areas
and socioeconomic organizations in different respects. However, despite the complexities of
Indian lives, commonly acknowledged cultural topics improve social balance and order(Fish &
Karban, 2015).
.
References:
Fish, J., & Karban, K. (Eds.). (2015). LGBT health inequalities: International perspectives in
social work. Policy Press.
Jamieson, L. M., Elani, H. W., Mejia, G. C., Ju, X., Kawachi, I., Harper, S., ... & Kaufman, J. S.
(2016). Inequalities in indigenous oral health: findings from
Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. Journal of dental
research, 95(12), 1375-1380.
Jodhka, S. S. (2017). Caste in contemporary India. Routledge India.
Kapilashrami, A., Hill, S., & Meer, N. (2015). What can health inequalities researchers learn
from an intersectionality perspective? Understanding social
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SOCIAL INEQUALITY -Canada Vs India
dynamics with an inter-categorical approach?. Social Theory &
Health, 13(3-4), 288-307.
McLeman, R., Schade, J., & Faist, T. (Eds.). (2016). Environmental migration and social
inequality. Dordrecht: Springer.
Porter, J. (2015). Vertical mosaic: An analysis of social class and power in Canada. University
of Toronto Press.
Saravanan, S. (2015). Global justice, capabilities approach and commercial surrogacy in
India. Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, 18(3), 295-307.
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