social Policy And Society Research 2022

RUNNING HEAD: SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIETY 0
SOCIAL POLICY

SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIETY 1
“Value judgments and moral framework in decision for teenage pregnancy”
The rate of teenage pregnancy in the United Kingdom is relatively high, when
compared with other developed countries. The estimation describes that various
strategies and policies are developed by the government but still UK face various issues
in child pregnancy. Therefore, the discussion of policy for the subject matter of teenage
sexual behavior is affected through the political framework and UK government also
describe that teenage pregnancy is the threat and risk which is occurred through the
sexual activity. The teenagers are also suffered from various risk factors which is in the
negative terms and increase the tension and made the procedure more complex (Abbott
& Reynolds, 2017). The moral values and other philosophies made certain boundaries
for the teenagers through which have to be maintained by the teenagers. The teenagers
pregnancy is become the social problem which should be addressed because it is
concept which is related to the risk and threats (SmithBattle, Chantamit-o-pas, &
Schneider, 2018). In this essay review of the article is done in which one social problem
and policy about teenage pregnancy is discussed. The essay also describes the
methods used in the articles and link between the article and with the concerning issue
in the society.
Teenage pregnancy is the wide phenomenon which is becomes the major
problem it is because it provides undesirable outcomes which is avoided in the recent
year and this shows that there is lack of dealing with this problem (Jones, Whitfield,
Seymour, & Hayter, 2019). Hoggart describes that this issue in handling the problem
leads in increasing the issue for the teenagers as well as to their children in UK
(Hoggart, 2012). The preferred policy was developed to overcome the risk, in this
government decided to educate the parents and teenagers about the teenager’s
pregnancy. It is because the aim of the government is to change behavior of the
teenagers and society etc (Abu-Heija, Al Haddabi, Bash, Mabaihsi, & Al-Maqbali, 2016).
Researchers describes that various existing articles describe the teenagers pregnancy
as the social problem and link the concept with the values and philosophies of the
society. The article focusing on describing the value system of the society it is because
teenagers also find difficulty in taking the decision about their pregnancy. This subject

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area is selected it is because researchers defines that majority of the teenagers regret
my making decision regarding the abortion as well as motherhood. The articles also
raise the arguments about the initiatives taken by the government for reducing the
teenager’s pregnancy it is because teenagers suffered from various health problems
and diseases due to abortion and getting poor diet (Hoggart, 2012).
Researchers also demonstrate that teenager’s pregnancy provides poor
outcomes and gets problem to the child as well as mother; social exclusion is the
disadvantage which leads in increasing the risk of pregnancy among the teenagers. It is
also because of other issue such as poverty, inequalities and values and moralities of
different background (Nichols, 2018). Researchers describe that different people and
teenagers have different values and philosophies to make decision regarding pregnancy
and abortion. Through addressing this problem teenager also focuses on describing the
association among the teenager’s motherhood and social exclusion (Iorga & Ciuhodaru,
2016).
Researchers adopted three qualitative approaches in the year 2003 and 2009
that is in the two studies mothers of the teenagers are participated in the study
(Hoggart, 2012). In this research study were undertaken by adopting interview method
in this study researchers focuses on understanding the judgment and decision
regarding the continuity in the pregnancies. In the whole research project only interview
approach is used because it helps the respondents about understanding the opinions
and attitudes of the respondents (Hoggart, 2012). In the first study 12 young mothers
were interviewed and in the other study next 12 young mothers were involved. In this
research up to five of the mothers have faced termination in the pregnancy (Hoggart,
2012). Further research researcher also involves other young women in the study of
abortion.
The random sampling method adopted in the study because of selecting young
women randomly and same approach is taken in the entire research project. Therefore,
to move towards the research finding the overall data and interview of the respondents
were recorded (Hoggart, 2012). Researchers also adopted thematic analysis qualitative
software is adopted for analyzing the data. The evaluation of the data for each research

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was done separately through different researchers. The advantages of thematic
analysis are that it is flexible and researchers find it easy to use in evaluating the overall
results of responses (Taylor, 2017). Researchers also find limitations in adopting
thematic analysis which includes that it cannot use properly when increasing the sample
size of research. Researchers also find benefitting in adopting primary method because
through this it takes the ideas and opinions of the young mother regarding pregnancy
(Hoggart, 2012). The problem which researchers faced is selecting and understanding
the overall preferences of the young mother due to diversity of the behavior and opinion,
researchers in some areas also find difficulty in describing overall responses.
The overall focus of the study was on the perceptions and attitude of the young
women and their different framework and pathways regarding the pregnancy and to
make decision about the linking the values and philosophies with teenagers pregnancy
(Hoggart, 2012). Therefore, to find the accurate data research continuously selecting
the young women to increase the efficiency of the research and to get the generalized
findings according to the research objective (Hoggart, 2012). For conducting the study
research takes the approval from the committee of NHS research ethics, so that result
will be obtained in ethical manner by adopting all regulations (Hoggart, 2012). The
analysis describe that in UK ratio of teenagers pregnancy is increasing this results in
increasing various problems for the teenagers and also to their children. The several
strategies were developed by the government in UK because of investing Teenage
pregnancy report and finding that it is the major problem which should be addressed
(Macleod & Feltham-King, 2019). The government spread awareness through
increasing education about causes of teenager’s pregnancy and risky factors involved
through teenager’s parenthood (Macutkiewicz & MacBeth, 2017).
The government recent strategy focuses on managing the associated threat and
risk with the pregnancy, therefore for this government maintain and enhance the self-
regulation of the teenagers (Paton & Wright, 2017). The government also revealed that
this teenage pregnancy is associated with the several other issues presented in the
society such as inequalities, poverty, unemployment and lack of education. It is because
of lower education individual does not make decision by focusing the relating it with the

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norms and values of the society (Mezey, et al., 2017). The young women have negative
opinions and feelings regarding the abortion, it is because of termination of pregnancy.
Therefore, due to less awareness about pregnancy young women adopt the challenging
face and moral unacceptability of abortion (Hoggart, 2012).
After determining the different cases about teenage pregnancy researchers
describes that it is the main challenge and problem which society is dealing with. For
defining the value judgment about the teenage abortion and pregnancy were
determined and clearly described by the moral institutions and agency (Hoggart, 2012).
It is only because of the attitudes and opinions of the parents and society for teenagers
becoming mother. The researchers also finds that teenager’s pregnancy will be reduced
in UK when teenagers accept the value judgment and become self regulated through
the risk and threats of being pregnant at very young age (Hoggart, 2012). The values,
philosophies and play the significant role affecting the nature and approach of decision
making.
The researchers also revealed that from the perception of young women about
majority of young women faced relief after terminating the unwanted pregnancy
(Hoggart, 2012). However, in comparison to this other young women face various
misconception while adopting and sometimes suffered from some dangerous diseases.
The primary methodology used in the study is effective because it revealed that young
women does abortion because of many reasons such as lack of supporting from the
family (Hoggart, 2012). The main reason of misconception and abortion is also the lack
of support from the families and due to personal guilt and regret. Further, the
relationship between teenager’s pregnancy as well as related concepts such as poverty,
social exclusion, inequalities is discussed.
The issues of teenagers pregnancy is linked towards the present issue which
society The is facing that is more poverty leads in increasing violence, less education
that is lower information about the problem which younger women faced due to
pregnancy and abortion (Hoggart, 2012). Therefore, also results in reducing the
support from the society due to lack of confidence among the young women. The
estimation describes that in UK more population are suffered from poverty and due to

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this there is lack of information in the society that is people are less educated about the
causes and effect of dealing the issues to being pregnant at every young age (Hoggart,
2012). On the other hand social exclusion is associated with the teenager’s pregnancy it
is because estimated describe that lack of adopting and using rights and privileges also
leads in increasing violence and other related issues. Through this women at young age
become victimized and faced several other issues (Hoggart, 2012). The estimation
describes that in Europe population faced disadvantage because of more inequalities
and discrimination.
The articles describe that young women does abortion because of family
pressure and also due to fewer acceptances from the society (Hoggart, 2012). This
arguments and findings are associated with the social exclusion because it is approach
which is described as the aspect of discrimination. In the article researchers describe
that teenagers which are pregnant are excluded from the society and other related
social and other community group (Hoggart, 2012). Therefore, this social exclusion is
closely linked as well s associate with the rights and opportunities of young women. The
government also adopts various opportunities to provide and promote human rights in
the society so that teenagers can take advantage of human rights and make decision
according to their behavior and education (Nguyen, Shiu, & Farber, 2016). The
argument in the articles that is government policies for preventing the teenager’s
pregnancy is developed to promote and change the behavior of the society. The other
studies describes that this strategies and policies become ineffective because of more
inequalities, education and due to increase in poverty in UK (Black & Day, 2016). It is
because in the UK young women have less knowledge about the problems they faced
because of abortion and due to increase in misconception.
The value and judgments of the society also affects and influenced the decisions
of the teenagers (Von Dadelszen & Magee, 2016). The article describe that teenagers
does not make decision because of the value and philosophies which are accepted in
the society. This poverty and inequalities are also linked with values and morality of the
society about the teenager’s pregnancy because some other authors describe that
unequal income, financial problems persuade and forced the young women to abort the

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child (Hoggart, 2012). The values of the society also induce the teenagers to face
various problems, health issues and sometimes die because of terminating the
unwanted and discarded pregnancy (Kiani, Ghazanfarpour, & Saeidi, 2019). Therefore,
the poverty and social exclusion spread negativity in the society in relation to this
teenager pregnancy spread negativity and increase the issues and controversies in the
social development.
From the above it is concluded that teenager’s pregnancy is the social policy as
well as policy discussion because of developing the overall strategies, programs and
framework to prevent the issues relating the abortion and causes of increasing
pregnancy in UK. Therefore, researchers also revealed that government introduced
strategies because of changing the behavior and opinions of society, parents and
teenagers towards the abortion, pregnancy etc. The raising concern of pregnancy in
teenagers is related with the other increasing concern in the society which includes
inequalities and social exclusion. It is because due to more discrimination, conflicting
values towards the society and risk which teenagers faced. The government use risk
theory as well as policy related to pregnancy reduces issues but still risk management is
low due to different ethics and perception of the parents in the society that is conflicting
values and judgments.

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