Sociology and Social Policy

It is in two parts. On the second part please consider that am Male of African origin. I have also lived in Penang Malaysia where racism was common around 2006. Also am a male going into a female dominated career (social work) Thanx

Reading Head: SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIOLOGY 0
Sociology
March 19
2020

SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIOLOGY 1
Part-2..........................................................................................................................................2
Social Location.......................................................................................................................2
Discrimination in Malaysia....................................................................................................2
United Kingdom.....................................................................................................................4
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................5
References..................................................................................................................................7

SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIOLOGY 2
Part-2
Social Location
“Social location” is defined as the combination of factors that includes age, gender,
social status, religion, sex and many more. This makes social location particular for
individuals. Social location of two people cannot be same. I belong to a social location called
“Penang Malaysia”. It is located on the northwest coast of Malaysia. It is divided into two
parts namely, Penang Island and the Malay Peninsula. Both of these are connected by a
bridge known as Penang Bridge. In this state, I have faced a lot of racial discrimination.
Especially people that are non-Malaya have faced major racial discrimination
(Worldpress.org, 2020). The demographics of this state is been represented by the different
ethnic groups that are presented in the market. I am a Political refugee from Zimbabwe and I
was also a little bit involved in politics. In this country I have faced discrimination in every
aspect and every sector. In Malaysia people who were living in a condominium complex in
Cheras, it is located outside Kuala Lumpur. I have observed that people in this society were
encouraging landlords that no Africans should be living as a tenant in this society. They also
post a banner in the society which “says no to African people” (Becker, 2016).
Discrimination in Malaysia
The principle of equality is mentioned in the constitution of Malaysia but there is no
law in the constitution of the country that suggests that there should not be any racial
discrimination as well. As a result of that, it has become easy for people of the country to do
racism with people of their countries who were living in that country. Since landlords were
not giving shelter to me as well as other Africans there was about 7% of the country’s
population who were finding a place to reside (Rajan, 2020). According to my experience, I
have listed on an online website that interested landlords can contact me but it also do not

SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIOLOGY 3
show any effective results as there were disclaimers that no African should be tenant. It was
the worst experiences that have been experienced by me in any country and it has become a
stereotype in the mind of Malaysians that racism is not a bad thing to be practice (KOMAS ,
2018).
Many theories can critically analyze the situation of racism that has been faced me in
Malaysia. Some of the emotions help people in interacting. There is a theory of sociology that
deals with the relationship of individuals at the micro-level. This theory also helps in
enhancing communication through language and symbols (Boza, 2016). This theory is known
as the theory of “interactionism”. People of Malaysia also use language by symbols by
posting hoardings that suggest that no Africans are allowed to be a tenant in the country.
Because of this we have to face many problems in another country (Garda World, 2018).
There is one more theory that is been adopted by the people of Malaysia and that is
known as the theory of “Functionalism”. In this theory, different parts of society are
composed together so that different needs of people can be fulfilled (ER Services, 2020).
This theory is used by residents of the country so that people of another country cannot get
equal rights in the company as they were getting (O'Brien, 1982).
There can be many more problems that can be faced by us because the country does
not have any law regarding racism in the country. Because of this, the rate of racism has also
increased. This racism can go to an extent of violence against people of other countries and
that too in public places because the government has not taken any steps against it (asia by
africa, 2017). The situations that were faced by me in Malaysia were dangerous and it was
also increased at a rapid growth (Chew, 2019). There are chances that people will not allow
students to study in the same school because of racism. There are chances that they will not
get equal job opportunities in a job as well this can hinder their career opportunities.

SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIOLOGY 4
United Kingdom
There are many people who are living in the United Kingdom and British government
is also supporting refugees by British Red Cross. I have been noticed that refugees services
are been offered by the country in 58 towns. When I visited to United States my experience
was very positive as people of this country are very supporting. They are treating people from
other country with respect and dignity. There is no discrimination which I had to face in this
country. Government of this country had also ensured that equal rights are distributed among
all the people living in the country. I am living in this country from last two years and my
experience and expectations has always been fulfilled. I do not have to struggle or face
violence just because I belong to a different country or nation. Since my past experience in
Malaysia was very bad and I hope that government of Malaysia will also implement proper
policies and rules regarding all these unethical activities people of that country are involved
in.
Government of United Kingdom is taking certain laws that have also been created by
the government of the United Kingdom. These laws are namely, European Convention on
Human Rights, UN refugee convention. There are also certain rules that are set by
government for people who have emigrated from other country. These rules are really helpful
in and because of these rules equal opportunities are also available for immigrated people
(The Law Library of Congress, 2020).
Refugees from other country do not have any right to claim benefits from any of the
government policy but they can receive support from asylum. Government has also set a
fixed amount so that refugee can be supported. This amount is fixed around 5.39 Euros per
day. This amount has helped many of us as we are able to fulfil our basic requirements and
needs (Refugee Action , 2020).

SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIOLOGY 5
Conclusion
It has been noticed that there is a lot of racism in Malaysia and people of other
countries are not treated right in this society. The government of the country is not taking any
serious actions regarding this problem. There is no law against racism in the constitution of
the country. Main racism was faced by Africans as they were not allowed to be tenants in the
country. Racism is faced by an individual of every country who is migrated from a different
country. Racism is also been faced by children in schools and patients in hospitals or any
health care department. Since Malaysia is a Feminist society men have to struggle a lot to
gain equality in society.
The personal experience of people from different countries in this country is very bad
because of racism and feminist society. They are not allowed to have equal rights as that of
residents. Racism has been hypothesized and acts as a psychosocial stressor, it has been
potentially contributing to creating negative impacts on the health of the people. There are
large numbers of people who have migrated to Malaysia. But because of racism in high
numbers and every sector is creating problems in large numbers. The rate of people who have
migrated also decreases. People of Malaysia also use language and hoarding in their society
so that no landlord can have Africans as tenants. They have also imposed penalties on people
who have rented their homes to Africans. A sudden change in the economy of the country has
also impacted the country in several ways. All these changes have implemented because of
the movement of feminism.
There are some steps that the government can take towards all these immoral
activities. There are equal human rights in every country. People should be aware of human
rights and they are not allowed to hinder those rights. If the government will implement some
policies effective against all the immoral activities then people will be careful and they will
not involve in these practices. This will also help the country in improving its image in the

SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIOLOGY 6
minds of people. The country will also be able to develop and maintain good relations with
other countries and people of their countries. Any social theories need to be followed by
Malaysia and its citizens. The country should also follow different values and unity should
also be reflected by the country. This will also enhance the relationship among individuals.

SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIOLOGY 7
References
asia by africa. (2017, 12 11). Africans face hurdles in 'multicultural' Malaysia. Retrieved 03
17, 2020, from asia by africa: https://www.asiabyafrica.com/point-a-to-a/africans-
malaysia-racism
Becker, T. (2016, 08 16). Racism drove me from Malaysia. Love brought me to America.
Retrieved 03 17, 2020, from The Guardian:
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/aug/16/racism-stories-malaysia-
love-immigration-america
Chew, A. (2019, 09 25). Malaysia’s dangerous racial and religious trajectory. Retrieved 03
17, 2020, from The interpreter:
https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/malaysia-s-dangerous-racial-and-
religious-trajectory
Garda World. (2018, 11 23). Malaysia: Protests around controversial UN racism convention.
Retrieved 03 17, 2020, from Garda World: https://www.garda.com/crisis24/news-
alerts/178786/malaysia-protests-around-controversial-un-racism-convention
KOMAS , P. (2018). MALAYSIA RACIAL DISCRIMINATION REPORT 2017. Malaysia.
O'Brien, L. (1982). Class, Gender, and Ethnicity: The Neglect of an Integrated Framework.
Southeast Asian Journal of Social Science, 10(2), 1-12.
Rajan, K. (2020, 03 10). Rage against racism. Retrieved 03 17, 2020, from The Star:
https://www.thestar.com.my/sport/football/2020/03/10/rage-against-racism
Refugee Action . (2020). FACTS ABOUT REFUGEES. Retrieved 03 23, 2020, from Refugee
Action : https://www.refugee-action.org.uk/about/facts-about-refugees/

SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIOLOGY 8
The Law Library of Congress. (2020). Refugee Law and Policy: United Kingdom. Retrieved
03 23, 2020, from The Law Library of Congress:
https://www.loc.gov/law/help/refugee-law/unitedkingdom.php
Worldpress.org. (2020, 03 16). Racial Discrimination in Malaysia. Retrieved 03 16, 2020,
from Worldpress.org: https://www.worldpress.org/2298.cfm