Global Food System and Food Security in Yemen

Running head: Sociology
GLOBAL FOOD SYSTEM AND FOOD SECURITY
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Sociology 2
Table of Contents
Part 1: Introduction- over of country and food security situation.............................................2
Part 2: Analysis of Food System........................................................................................ 2
2.1 Scope................................................................................................................ 2
2.2 Food utilization and consumption......................................................................2
2.3 Access to food (internal)................................................................................... 4
2.4 Access to food (external)................................................................................... 4
2.5 Food availability (internal)................................................................................. 5
2.6 Food availability (external)................................................................................6
2.7 Supporting resources and services...................................................................7
2.8 Supporting policies............................................................................................ 7
Part 3: Vulnerable the food system to shock/ risk such as climate and action to improve resilience. 8
3.1 Risks to the food system and food security.......................................................8
3.2 Impact of risk on each part of the food security................................................9
3.3 Recommendations to increase resilience to the food system...........................9
Part 4: Policy Analysis................................................................................................... 10
4.1 2020-2021 Yemen Country Engagement Note................................................10
4.2 Yemen Famine Prevention Plan.......................................................................11
4.3 The extent which food policies support recommendations.............................11
Part 5: Conclusion........................................................................................................ 12
References.................................................................................................................. 12

Sociology 3
Part 1: Introduction- over of country and food security situation
Yemen is a country that has been facing food insecurity that keeps on escalating to the
international crisis level. The country has experienced conflict since 2015 and this has led to
limited food production in the country. The main source of revenue that supports the food system
in the country is oil and natural gas. Since the onset of conflict less oil has been exported and low
crops have also been producing through agriculture making the country is in a state of food
insecurity. The country with more than 29 million people has a risk of more than 24 million
people starving cause of lack of food. The paper, therefore, seeks to explore or analyzefood
security situations in Yemen to make recommendations for improving food security (Bin Javaid
2017).
Part 2: Analysis of Food System
2.1 Scope
The geographical scope of the food system analysis is based Yemen, a country of 52797
ha of land and a population of over 29 million people. The country has more than 24 million
people who are food insecure as of 2019.
2.2 Food utilization and consumption

Sociology 4
The staple food in Yemen is flatbread prepared from major cereals such as wheat and
sorghum. The general health status of the country is generally poor with many citizens facing
malnutrition. Many people especially children are at risk of death due to food starvation
(Breisinger, Diao, Collion & Rondot 2011).
More than 80% of the total population of the country has poor access to health services in
the country. Though the government with the help of the World Health Organization has
provided some major health assistance, more effort is needed. This is after the cholera outbreak
that killed many people in the eastern part of the country. The number of health care service
providers is low as compared to the country’s population. For instance, the country has forty
psychiatrists hence each psychiatrist serves 650,000 people in the country (Barrett 2010).
A larger percentage of the country still has limited access to water and sanitation are
given that a considerable number of people have been displaced due to war.17.8 million people
lack access to safe water and sanitation with many people facing the risk of cholera that killed
nearly more than 2800 in the recent past. The country faces major water shortage especially
within highlands where water is inaccessible to people. Also, being a poor country the ability to
purchase water is a challenge to most citizens (FAO, WFP & IFAD2013).
The main population that is affected by the water shortage, food consumption and
sanitation are the women and children. Children are almost dying out of food starvation with the
majority being malnourished people. Pregnant women are equally affected by low accessto food
water and sanitation. Besides, the main food that is consumed in the country is lunchtime meals
as the majority can hardly afford a meal for the whole day (De Haen, Klasen & Qaim 2011).