National Health Service Funding and Impact

This study examines the National Health Service's (NHS) history of providing services and managing extra demand through technological advancements and increased staff members. The analysis also touches upon changes in the funding process, with the NHS taking decisions to seek help from other investors. The report includes references to various books, journals, and online sources related to healthcare and social sciences.

SOCIOLOGY AND
PSYCHOLOGY

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Identification of key Historical Moments in National health service........................................3
TASK 2.................................................................................................................................................5
1.2 Response of National health service to extra demand...............................................................5
2.1 Analysis of changes in funding which has been placed on National health service..................6
CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES.....................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
National health service is basically an organisation that is engaged in performing public
services. They are involved in providing health service to the individuals' group and communities.
Services to the disabled and impaired person are provided free at cost. Every unhealthy individual
can avail services given by them. Department is engaged in improving well-being of people. Report
highlights key historical moments in the national health service. It also lay emphasis on response of
NHS on extra demand. Assignment also include NHS response to changes in funding due to
alteration in government.
TASK 1
1.1 Identification of key Historical Moments in National health service
Year Event name Description and Key protagonists
1926 First NHS hospital First NHS hospital named Park Hospital was build
1948 Creation of National
health service
Aneurin Bevan as a heath secretary launched NHS
on 05/07/1948. Because of this first time in history
free health care was provided to all.
1952 Charges Introduced One shilling started being charged from patients
for prescriptions.
1958 First mass vaccination
program
Before introduction of vaccination there were
70,000 cases of diphtheria and 8,000 of polio. So
jabs of diphtheria and polio were offered under
15s.
1961 Pill becomes available Contraceptive pills were launched and given to
women for birth control. Initially only married
couples were allowed to have these pills but after
six years this rule was relaxed
1962 Birth of the Morden
hospital
Enoch Powell as health minister puts forward a
hospital plan (Eldredge and et.al., 2016). 125,000
population were provided hospital or general
district hospital as they become known.

1967 Abortion Act David Steel as liberal MP introduced that abortion
was legal up to 28 weeks, if mental health and
physical health of a woman was at risk. Limitation
was reduced to 24 weeks in 1990.
1968 First heart transplant of
UK
45 years old man was operated for seven hours by
18 nurses and doctors in London at National heart
hospital. But unfortunately after 46 days patient
died and for next 10 years no other heart transplant
operation took place.
1972 CT Scanners first time
used
After five years of under development, CT
scanners were used on patients for the first time.
3D images of body were taken and developed by
the machine and investigation of body were done.
1978 First test tube baby of the
world
At Oldham District hospital on 25th July 1978
world's first test tube baby was born before
midnight with 5lb 12oz (2.61 kg) weight named
Louise Brown delivered by caesarean section.
1988 Breast Screening
programme started
To reduce Breast cancer, mammograms program
was introduced. Improved drug treatment,
screening reduced estimated death by a fifth
(Weiss and Lonnquist, 2017).
1990 NHS and community
care act
The legislation introduced National internal market
in 1990.
1994 Created organ donor
register
In 1994 people willing to donate their organs for
transplant were registered. It was a great success
and by 2005 almost 12 million people were
registered. After 5 years of campaigning a result by
Rosemary and Jhon Cox whose son died in 1989.
He asked for his organs to be used to help others.
2006 Patient choice 5 hospital choices were given to patients, ending
the tradition of going where a Gps decides. This
has been extended to all the hospitals in England
but is not adopted anywhere else in UK (Valantine

and Collins, 2015).
2007 Smoking ban in public
areas
Government introduced ban on smoking in public
areas.
2018 Celebrates their 70th
anniversary
70th anniversary of NHS is celebrated of providing
free, excellent health care for UK's people. In
every 24 hours it treats 1.4 M people.
TASK 2
1.2 Response of National health service to extra demand
National Health Service which includes each health care system in UK. Day by day demand
increases for better treatment and people are facing problems like emergency treatment and
problems of rising in admission and delay in discharge, the charges are a lot for normal people and
after charging much money they don't give good treatment to the people so it is the big problem.
Demands of people are following :-
Heavy charges :- People of UK face problems regarding heavy charges for the treatment.
The normal citizen can't afford that charge (Renault, 2017). And many of the citizens of UK is
going to the other countries for better treatment and also in low cost. NHS are working on it but can
not solve it because of high prices of medical equipment, heavy fees of doctors and other staff,
heavy maintenance charge etc (National health service, 2013).
Regulations for medicines :- Many of the best pharma companies make medicines with a
better content which is helpful for patients and also for image of the healthcare but NHS are not
allowing this companies to sale their product in UK (Weiss and Lonnquist, 2017). Citizens of UK
or health care organisations demanded to the NHS for this but they found nothing. UK has its own
regulatory agency named with Medicines and Healthcare products regulatory agency so they have
to work on it.
Lack of doctors :- UK citizens are demanded for more doctors because there is only 2.8
practising doctors on 1000 people and it is not good for the image of the country and also for health
care system. Government releases extra cash for the labour to solve problems of the citizens.
Awareness of people :- NHS has to work for make people aware about the health care lows
and regulations and new schemes and benefits. They have to arrange healthcare camps in every
place of each city and people are demanding for this. Honestly they don't know about the benefits
which given by the healthcare system.
Requirement of fast treatment process :- There are a number of people in UK who are

awaiting hospital treatment. Citizens faces problem to wait for their treatment standing in a row.
Huge pressure on hospitals caused by growing population (Bowling, 2014). Lack of treatment
facilities not always avoid by the patients. Report says that the patients who are suffered with hernia
and knee replacement are not treated by the hospitals because they send them in waiting list.
Demand for quality improvement :- Every organisation known for its quality and for good
services. In hospitals patient wants better outcome and better service quality. Healthcare quality
measures by the medical facilities provide to the patients. Quality improves by cure illness, extend
life expectancy, to follow preventing care, reducing waiting time, cost efficient.
Technology :- Technology helps to provide information, taking appointments, improving
communication and relations between healthcare providers and patients. Now public is demanded
for mobile technology in healthcare system which is more beneficiary for the patients as well as
healthcare provider. NHS starts work on it and the benefits of this are - build relations, time
accuracy, enhance physician efficiency, diagnostic accuracy.
2.1 Analysis of changes in funding which has been placed on National health service
When talking about the efficiency of fund, it comes to UK. NHS depends on the economy of UK.
NHS follows the operational plan which consider government also. NHS has most efficient health
care systems in the world. Funding growth of NHS has ups and down but its funding growth is
slower in comparison of other. Effects of interference of government regarding funds are
following :-
Decrease expenses of NHS :- Innovations and new technology increases ability to supply
their resources and services. Government provides many of the policies in favour of the people and
due to this policies people gain relief and government paid funds to NHS to increase in quality of
healthcare and through this NHS has to paid low money and healthcare providers gives their best to
the patients so they find relief.
Generate Income :- Due to interference of the government in terms of money it is easy to
provide useful resources and services to the employees and patients so it is good for workers of
healthcare in UK. They gain much and more money from the healthcare providers and live happily
and if employee is satisfied then he or she also gives their best to the organisation and both will go
for profitability (Renault, 2017). So the interference of government regarding to fund plays big role
in the economy.
Research and Development :- Government of UK allocate the money to the healthcare

provider through NHS then it is a good way to create an image of the country in this sector and
through more funds NHS provide more facilities and work towards research and development and
search for new technology which through anyone can get effective treatment and also possible that
it will cost very low (Baum, 2016). Most of the diseases are under control but some diseases are out
of control and no one have any idea about that how to get rid of that diseases so from allocation of
fund by government it will be possible to reach to the cure of any dangerous diseases.
CONCLUSION
From the above study it has been summarised National health service has shown tremendous
increase in providing their service in history. They have been able to manage the extra demand by
advancing technology and increasing their staff members. Also, change has lead to alteration in
funding process. For this they have taken the decision of taking help from other investors.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Renault, E., 2017. Social Suffering: Sociology, Psychology, Politics.
Bowling, A., 2014. Research methods in health: investigating health and health services. McGraw-
Hill Education (UK).
Weiss, G.L. and Lonnquist, L.E., 2017. The sociology of health, healing, and illness. Routledge.
Halfon, N. and et.al., 2014. Lifecourse health development: past, present and future. Maternal and
child health journal.18(2). pp.344-365.
Baum, F., 2016. The new public health (No. Ed. 4). Oxford University Press.
Eldredge, L.K.B. and et.al., 2016. Planning health promotion programs: an intervention mapping
approach. John Wiley & Sons.
Valantine, H.A. and Collins, F.S., 2015. National Institutes of Health addresses the science of
diversity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.112(40).pp.12240-12242.
Online
National health service. 2013 [ONLINE] Available through:
<https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/about-the-nhs/the-nhs/>