SOCIOLOGY AND SOCIAL SCIENCE 2
SOCIOLOGY AND SOCIAL SCIENCE
Tracy E. Ore
Question 1
In the United States, the system of stratification is particularly based on an individual’s
Socioeconomic Status (SES) that takes into account their occupation, income, and education. In
the United States, stratification is as a result of the race, gender, family, ancestry, and ethnicity,
race, and age (Ore & Kurtz, 2000). Besides, IQ, personal skills, athletic abilities, and
achievements are other categories of stratification. However, it is assumed that the categories
cannot be changed because people believe in essentialism. Hence, Americans believe that certain
properties are fixed at birth and therefore cannot be changed. Tracy E. Ore clearly articulates that
the belief of essentialism entails the fact that a person’s behavior is natural and is predetermined
by their genetic, physiological, as well as biological mechanisms, and therefore are not subject to
change. Through essentialism, individuals can order their social world, including determining
what they value and what they devalue.
Question 2
Objectivation is whereby products become independent of those who developed them.
For example, individuals lose awareness that they are the authors of their cultural and social
environments and that they are the authors of reality. Objectivation makes individuals feel as if
products have an objective existence.

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