Implementing Change Model in Ryanair Company

The assignment requires an analysis of Ryanair's use of change management models, including the path-goal theory and resistance to change. It also explores the impact of these changes on employee behavior and performance, as well as the role of leadership in implementing these changes. The assignment draws on relevant theories, such as Herzberg's motivation to work and self-determination theory, to provide a comprehensive understanding of Ryanair's approach to change management.

Organizational Behaviour.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LO1..................................................................................................................................................2
P1 Evaluates the organizational culture, politics and power having the influence on the
individual, team behaviour and performance. .............................................................................2
LO2..................................................................................................................................................2
P2 Analysis how the process and content theories of motivation influence the effective
achievement of the organizational goals in context of Ryanair...................................................2
LO3..................................................................................................................................................2
P3 Evaluate the factor of making the ineffective team into effective team.................................2
LO4..................................................................................................................................................2
P4 Analysis the application of different concept and philosophies on organizational behaviour
with the context of organizational and situation for business. ....................................................2
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................2
REFERNCES...................................................................................................................................3

INTRODUCTION
Organizational behaviours is the study related to both group and the performance of an
individual along with the activity prevailing in the business organization. The study of the
organizational behaviour have the examination for particularly the existing working environment
with the determination of impact in structure of job, performance, communication along with
motivation and leadership. Organizational behaviours (OB) have the influence over the decision-
making by enabling the effective communication in manager and employees to establish the
proper understanding in the context of business (Sherrat and Johnston, 2017). This influence of
OB in business help in encouraging the companies to be more risk taking and fostering
innovation along with creativity. Rynair is having the sheer success as the prices per flight
offered by passengers along with budgets. It is Irish budget airline having more than 225 rounds
per years in more than 40 countries. The countries in facing the recent issues of the having the
effective customer satisfaction along with staffing issues. In this report, there will be presently
discussion of the impact of organizational culture, power and politics on the behaviours and
effective of employees and performance of company. Further, there will be the evaluation of
content and process theories of motivation on the staff performance of Ryanair to have positive
impact. The company is planning top have the change in the corporate structure so, the report
will be having the discussion on adoption of various leadership styles and the staff involvement
via effective team communication.
LO1
P1 Evaluates the organizational culture, politics and power having the influence on the
individual, team behaviour and performance.
Ryanair has been identified as the largest European budget airline being scheduled
passenger flown along with more of the international passengers by any another airline. Ryanair
is having the sheer success as the prices per flight offered by passengers along with budgets. It is
Irish budget airline having more than 225 rounds per years in more than 40 countries. The
company used to have the operation more than 400 Boeing. It has been identified that the
company is recently facing the issue's such as the ineffective customer satisfaction along with
staffing issues. As per the scenario, the company has gone under the significant changes in
respect of culture as compare to previous one. For having the proper analysis of the
organizational culture it is more important to have the understanding of Handy's cultural
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typology. This model is being treated as the set benchmark that the organization should be
concerned. As per the Handy cultural typology there are four different types of culture that are -
Power Culture
In this type of culture significant propel have the power in company to have benefit for the
positional power. They are the people who have authority of decision-making along with been
the privileged members of company (Zhang And et.al., 2015). These authorities are having the
responsibility to have the delegation of authority to different business designation. On the other
hand the employee don't have the liberty to properly express the views.
Task Culture- this types of culture is having the base on team performance. Teams are formed in
company for achieving the goals and objectives in order to have the solution of critical issues.
This culture influences the employees to have the equal level of contribution for the
accomplishment of task in more innovative manner.
Role Culture- this culture have the delegation of authority according to different roles in
company. The roles are having the basis of educational qualification, specification of employees
for enjoying the opportunities to do best according to their selection and creativity for accepting
the challenges.
Person Culture.- this culture pays more emphasis on the importance of employees in particular
organization. In these types of culture, the employee are having more consideration regarding
their individual profits as comparative to organizational benefit.
As to address the various issue of the staffing and the customer dissatisfaction the company can
have the application of the task culture of theta the employee can develop a creative and innovate
solution for the critical issues.
The next is about the understanding of the different types of the power that prevails in the
organization and help in influencing the different decision-making. According to the French and
Raven, the power has been divided into five types that are-
Coercive power- it's the power in which someone is asked to perform the level of work against
their will with the use of dictatorial and bullies. The threat or coercive to accomplish the goals
can be resultant to physical harm.
Reward power- this types OF the power is based on the ideas of the leaders and will have the
grant over valuable rewards by having the proper following of the instructions. It the power
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which provide the ability to other in exchange for what they want and the things they were asked
to do.
Legitimate power- This is being identified as the most recognized form of leadership and power
as through legitimacy there is occurrence of high power that is being acceptable as face of raw
power. In the legitimate power the person job title or the position in the hierarchical order which
gives them the right to have issue to orders.
Referent power- this power is being treated with admiration and charm. This power comes from
the person who so being highly liked and having the identification as strong people in company.
There is high level of responsibility in this form of power. On the other hand the power can be
lost due to loss of fame in any circumstances.
Expert power- this is the power having the basis on the level of knowledge in depth. This power
leader are basically the one having strong knowledge to fulfil several roles and responsibilities.
The employees basically have trust on such power holder by appreciating this types of
leadership.
So the organization have the major impact on the power in the engagement of the
employee in the particular organization. The company is recommended to have the use of the
legitimate power as there is occurrence of high power that is being acceptable as face of raw
power. The use of the power and cultures on over all decision-making strategy on the
organization.
The next one about having the impact of the politics on the business organization as the
political behaviours in the organization is all about the informal, unofficial and the behind the
scenes to have the sell to have the increase over the power and the have the achievement of the
targeted objectives (Ryan and Deci, 2017). The individual have the subset in the behaviour of
human which have the involvement of the politics and the powers. There is the existence of the
antecedents of the organization behaviours. There are the existence of the organizational politic
and the individual level of politics. It is the natural part of the organizational life as they are
driven by the unhealthy level inn the political behaviours which has been suffered form
employee organizational commitment, satisfaction of job and the level of performance in job. On
the other hand the individual antecedents which have the inclusion of the political skills, internal
locus of control, high level of investment in the organization along with the expectation of
success. In the antecedent of the organisation there is inclusion of scarcity of resources, role
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ambiguity and the performance evaluation along with promotion and democratic decision-
making. The organizational politics plays the role of both in negative and positive aspects. The
political behaviour of the company is used at the time of change management to take the difficult
decisions or at the time of scarcity of resources which increase the level of competition among
the organization (Peters, 2015). To have the reduction in political behaviours , the leaders for
company have to provide the equal level of information to have the proper demonstrating in
political manoeuvring avoidance. More to the extent, the leaders of the company have to
encourage the there managers for providing the high level of feedbacks about their respective
performance. This will help in the intervened reduction regarding the different perception of
organizational politics ans the improvement in employee morale and performance of work.
Hence, it can be concluded that then organizational politics can be turned healthier to get the
things done within the organization.
LO2
P2 Analysis how the process and content theories of motivation influence the effective
achievement of the organizational goals in context of Ryanair.
In the organization, motivation has been identified as the process of having the proper
stimulation of employees to have the achievement of the goal and objectives. The motivation van
be defined as the process of influencing the overall the performance of the employees in having
the motivation in terms in the increments of need is to be accomplished. This will help in the
successful completion of work along with better level of productivity. There is the different types
of the motivation into process content theories being used in the organization (Herzberg, 2017).
There is the need for the motivation factor which help in satisfying the need of the employees. It
is more important to have the understandability regarding the needs of an individual which
should not be repeatedly been a regular patten offering the preprepared rewards for optimizing
the performance of the employees.
Content theories
The focus on the content theories have the relaying to the factors with the employee who has the
ability which can be energies direct and have the sustainably to have the stoppage over
behaviour. There is the need for the motivation factor which help in satisfying the need of the
employees. It is more important to have the understandability regarding the needs of an
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individual which should not be repeatedly been a regular patten offering the preprepared rewards
for optimizing the performance of the employees.
The management assumption regarding the further development of the Maslow theory by
Douglas McGregor. As per this theory the manger of an organization have to look after the
various needs of employees. The author has distinguished it in different types in which manager
have to choose one of them.
The first category is termed as the theory as theory X and the mangers have the adaption of
dominant mangers to management approach as the following assumption -
The human nature have the tendency to have the avoidance over the control in work load .
Most the employee in an organization are needed to have the control, proper direction and the
thre3sting of punishment in order to get the work done by them.
The average number of employees have the normal tendency to avoid the level of responsibilities
and require the guidance.
With the application of the theory x the management will be able to have the identification of the
real needs of the employee which are been maximum time been wrongly misinterpreted. On the
further note the theory Y is just opposite to the existing one.
The following assumption that are intended to be taken in the theory Y are following-
Working the natural phenomena and having similarity of resting or playing.
There is the level of external control in which the threatening be the driving force for the
enhancement of productivity of the work force (Kinsella, 2015). The employees are more
relaxing in doing there particular work having the exercising over the self-control and self
direction in order to have the achievement of committed objectives. With the using of the theory
Y this will help in meeting up the needs of the organizational along with the employees, the
having the creditability but the theory Y also help in the development of the employee needs.
Process theories
the process theory have the clear focus on the having the description and having the analysis in
order to have the energies that are needed to be sustained, directed and being supported. The
process theorize are as follows-
Reinforcement And Setting Of Goals Theories.
This theory has the explantation regarding how the employees in an organization are needed to
be energized. This the theories which is based on the certain assumption that are been taken for
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the development of employees in company. The consequence of this theory are having the
reference as the operants.
Expectancy theories.
This model has the focus on the likeliness in the performance and the level of outcomes. This has
the emphasizes in the development of employees according to the particular individual behaviour
whether there can be accomplishment of job or not. This will be further added can be treated as
in outcome as the result for performing having the justification whether the outcome ids
desirable .
In order to have the motivation in the employees of an organization which will have the direct
and indirect impact ion the productivity of the company. Motivation has been considered as the
driving essential in the force of improving the employee performance and making them perform
more effectively and efficiently. As per the recent repost of the company Ryanair they company
doesn't give the satisfactory work of the employees along with the ineffective team performance.
This had lead into crater the better impact on the improvement of the effectiveness of the team in
the company (Marttila, 2018). With this the presence of the elements the environment of
working will help the employee to be motivating. For giving the best performance in the
organisation. There is the need for the motivation factor which help in satisfying the need of the
employees. It is more important to have the understandability regarding the needs of an
individual which should not be repeatedly been a regular patten offering the preprepared rewards
for optimizing the performance of the employees. With improve level motivation in the
organizational success the employee of the Ryanair can be motivated towards the right direction
as to have the achievement of the organizational and the personal goal's achievement. Having the
change in the workplace model can have increase level of the employee engagement and level of
the collaboration will be increased in the team. This will helps in simplification and the
operational process with the better management along with the visibility, recognition of the good
work and employee collaboration which will have the significant positive impact.
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LO3
P3 Evaluate the factor of making the ineffective team into effective team.
1. Belbin theory:
In the Belbin's team theory Belbin says that behaviour of one person relates with the
behaviour of all the team members which helps in the success of the whole team. This theory
aims at the behaviour, contribution and maintain the interrelation with the members of the team.
Ryanair is planning to change the company structure by using the belbin team theory and this
theory will help them to maintain the improved and efficient structure of the company. For the
success and the growth in the business of the airline the Ryanair have to follow the nine function
of the belbin theory. The nine role of the behaviour have to be followed by every team for their
progress. A team must investigates the resources for finding the ideas and facts of the effective
working of the company. The manager of the Ryanair uses this theory to understand the
behaviour of the team member in the changing structure of the company. The structure of the
company should be effective by coordinating the team perfectly with the success and growth of
the company. A manager must be resource investigator, shaper, team worker, implementer,
finisher, and specialist which helps the team by their efforts to work to increase the efficiency in
the company (Senaratne and Gunawardane, 2015). The Ryanair implements their strategies in
such a way that the employees of the company focused to make the new structure effective. By
solving the problems of the team member and take the accurate decision helps the Ryanair to
achieve the success and growth of the company. The manager must become the shaper which
helps to check the team effectively working or not. Coordinate the activities of the employees to
run their business operation successfully in the present and future working of the company.
Tuckman theory:
The Ryanair also uses the tuckman theory for the effectiveness in the changing structure
of the company by the proper working of their team. The Tuckman's theory says that the every
team member handle the project and task with from the starting stage to the completion of the
project. Ryanair follows the four stages of the tuckman theory for better performance of the
company in the current and future four stages are forming, storming, norming and performing. In
the first stage of the tuckmen theory the leader have the greater dependence for guide, direct nad
monitor the activities of the employees for the success and growth of the company. In this stage
the leader have to answer about the purpose relation and objectives of their team for giving the
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effective results to the company. Under the storming stage the Ryanair finds the projects and
tasks which their employees have to complete with effectiveness. Different practices used by the
employees for the effective working of the company is included in the norming stage of the
tuckman theory. The employees of the Ryanair are to be more focused about their company goals
then they will make the plans to complete the project in the less effective way. And in the last
stage the team member set their vision how to achieve their goals without any help of the
manager. The team is focused to achieve their goals and objectives by improving the working in
the business. The employees of the Ryanair works to achieve the goals of the company.
LO4
P4 Analysis the application of different concept and philosophies on organizational behaviour
with the context of organizational and situation for business.
Path goal theory:
This theory focuses on the style or behaviour of the leader which is useful for the team
member in the working conditions of the company to achieve the goals of the company. In this
theory the manager and the leader adopts the appropriate behaviour which is more suitable for
the employees that they will guide them to achieve the organizational goals. The aim of this
theory is to increase the motivation and satisfaction of the employees working in the Ryanair to
reach the effective goals of the company. There are four styles in the path goal theory which the
Ryanair follow to bring the efficiency in their working. The directive theory says that the
behaviour of the leader is according to the situation in the company. The effects of this style is
very positive because the task of the employees is complex so the positive behaviour motivates
the employees. In the achievement oriented style the behaviour of the leader depends on the
situation when he will set the goals and make the expectation for achieving the desired goals of
the company. In the participative style the behaviour of the manager refers to the consultation
from the team members about their decision in the business of the Ryanair which helps them to
create positive environment in the company. If the team members are focused to their work in
the company this style of the leader brings efficiency in the working of the employees. The
behaviour of the leader satisfy the needs and wants of the employees in the supportive style. The
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manager and leader must show concern about their employees in this style. According to this
theory the leader changes their behaviour as per the situation in the working environment of the
Ryanair. By using the path goal theory the leader and the company brings efficiency in the
business. These styles of the leader helps the company to increase their productivity and
profitability.
Resistance to change theory
Ryanair is an airline company which is changing the corporate structure of the company
and the company is analyzing the theories which would improve the effectiveness of the
employees of the company. Company need to improve the performance of the employees and
also increase the productivity of the employees. Company is trying to analyze the change model
of Kurt Lewins which is divided in three steps which are unfreezing, changing and refreezing. It
will help the company to change the behavior of the employees of the company which would
have effect in the performance of the employees (Wojciechowski, and et.al., 2016).
Unfreezing - Through the process of unfreezing company would analyze the behaviors of
the employees and understand the need which need of changing the environment and behavior if
the employees. Many employees of the company would resist the change and some employees
would not resist the change, so for that employees company need to explain to them the need of
change which will improve the thinking process of the employee and also improve the
organisational structure of the company. Effective communication between the employees and
employees and also be teen employees and employers is important because miscommunication
would not prepare the employees regarding the changes which would be done in the company.
Employees of the company must be motivated for the change which is going to occur in the
company. Through unfreezing the Ryanair company would prepare the employees for the
changes which are going to occur in the company. It will have impact on the performance of the
employees and also it will impact on the performance of the company (Hussain, and et.al., 2018).
Changing - The company is unfrozen and after that the company can move towards the
changing of the company culture. Company need to accept the change and employees as well
because it will have impact on the performance of both employees and company. Impacts of the
model can be positive and can be negative because if the employees are accepting the change
positively it will improve the performance of the company and as well if the employees does not
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accept it positively it will change the performance of the company in negative way. Ryanair
company is changing the company culture from the vertical way to horizontal way which will
divide the company into four subsidiaries like Ryanair DAC, Laudamotion, Ryanair Sun and
Ryanair UK. It will have the impacts on the performance of the employees and also improve the
productivity of the company. Accepting the changes in the company employees must have
effective communication and education which includes the support of the employers as well
(Hossan, 2015.).
Refreezing - Company need to implement to change in the positive way like employees
of the company would be motivated to work for company. The process of change would affect
the goals and the structure of the company. Company must not revert to the old way of thinking
and processing the work, employees of the company need to implement the changes which is for
the company. Through implementing the changes company would improve the performance of
the employees and also ensure about improving the performance of the company. Without the
refreezing the company would revert to the old process slowly, so the employers of the company
need to look after that the employees are not reverting to the old process. It will improve the
leadership qualities of the employees as well. Company culture and communication is must for
the employees of the company because it affects the performance of the company, so culture and
communication change is must for the employees of the company.
Ryanair company is implementing the Kurt Lewin change model for improving the
performance of the company. Company is implementing three levels unfreezing, changing, and
refreezing. Company is commencing towards the model by initializing the first step of
unfreezing. In this process company need to change the ways of thinking and processing the
work. After that the company is moving towards changing, company is changing the culture
from vertical to horizontal which will divide the company into to four subsidizes which will have
impact on the performance of the employees. Company is moving forward to the refreezing step
which is for the company which will improve the communication between the employees and
also improve the performance of employees (Cummings, Bridgman, and Brown, 2016).
CONCLUSION
Ryanair company is moving towards changing the culture of the company which would
have effects on the performance of the company. Company is using the organizational culture
which would also improve the behavior of the employees of the company. Political behavior and
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company is also applying the theories of motivation for motivating the employees to work for the
company. It will influence the employees of the company and also increase the performance of
the company as well. Company is also implementing the path goal theory which is encouraging
the employees to move towards the goals of the companies. Company is implementing the
resistance to change the which would change the behavior of the employees and also have
impact on the performance of the company. These change model is encouraging communication
among the employees and also increase the leadership qualities which will be useful for the
company and employees as well. Proper leadership qualities would motivate the employees to
work and effective communication between the employees is must for the company. Change
model includes the changes which have to be done in the company and also improve the
behavior of the company. Changes in the organization behavior is having impacts on the
performance of the company. Implementing the change in the company need to be followed by
the employees of the company and also by employers as well. These changes in the organization
need to be analyzed and the changes in the organization must be done from time to time which
will motivate the employees of the company. Theories which are implied on the Ryanair
company must be implemented which will increase the sales of the company and also employees
would enjoy the working in the company.
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REFERENCES
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Herzberg, F., 2017. Motivation to work. Routledge.
Peters, R. S., 2015. The concept of motivation. Routledge.
Ryan, R. M. and Deci, E. L., 2017. Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in
motivation, development, and wellness. Guilford Publications.
Zhang, T. And et.al., 2015. Understanding user motivation for evaluating online content: a self-
determination theory perspective. Behaviour & Information Technology. 34(5). pp.479-
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Sherrat, R. and Johnston, A., 2017. The Impact of the Reward Systems on employee motivation:
The Case of a Department Store.
Cummings, S., Bridgman, T. and Brown, K.G., 2016. Unfreezing change as three steps:
Rethinking Kurt Lewin’s legacy for change management. Human relations. 69(1).
pp.33-60.
Hossan, C., 2015. Applicability of Lewin's change management theory in Australian local
government. International Journal of business and Management. 10(6). p.53.
Hussain, and et.al., 2018. Kurt Lewin's change model: A critical review of the role of leadership
and employee involvement in organizational change. Journal of Innovation &
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Wojciechowski, and et.al., 2016. A case review: Integrating Lewin’s theory with lean’s system
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