Special Topics in Politics
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Added on 2021-06-17
Special Topics in Politics
Added on 2021-06-17
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RUNNING HEAD: Special topics in politics 0Special topics in politics
Special topics in politics 1ContentsIntroduction...........................................................................................................................................2Climate change and human security in Bangladesh...............................................................................2Problems stemming from climate change..............................................................................................6Policy responses....................................................................................................................................8National policy response options.......................................................................................................9International policy response options..............................................................................................11Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................12References...........................................................................................................................................13
Special topics in politics 2Introduction In the current era, climate change is considered one of the biggest threats encountered by Bangladesh due to which country is most visible. The change in climate takes place due to the distinctive geographic location, low altitude from the sea, the supremacy of floodplains, high population density, high level of poverty and dependency on nature. Bangladesh has a history of thrilling climate events which claimed millions of lives and destroyed past development gains. This is a fact that climate modifications are corroding the assets, investments and eventually future of the country. In addition, the impact of it has challenged expansion efforts, human security and upcoming years of a citizen within a country. The influence of climate change can be observed from varying monsoon, early rainfall, hotter summers, heavy rainfall instigating water lodging and landslides, little rainfall in the dry period, increase in the flow of river water, recurrence of floods, crop damage and failure, increased mortality, occurrence and outbreak of dengue (Brammer, 2016). The fluctuation in the climate is measured as security threat which affects most on humans. Change in climate leads to insecurities for food, property, life, water, and livelihood within the country. The impact of climate low down the securities which can be experienced from the environmental degradation; deprivation of land resources eventually reduces food and health security (Amin, Zhang & Yang, 2015). Thus, it results in increasing conflicts over resources and livelihood. The climate change is adding stress to the country and contributing to instability, displacement, and migration. The rise in the number of victims of climate change has enhanced the concern for the country. This report explores the impact of climate change and human security in Bangladesh. Along with this, there is discussion related to the problems that are stemming from climate fluctuations. Further, the policy responses are explained by undertaking national and international aspects (Siddiqui & Bhuiyan, 2017). Climate change and human security in Bangladesh Bangladesh is threatened due to the negative impact of climate change on the country as well as on humans. The unpredictable weather integrated with changes in rainfall and temperature can worse food, water, and energy shortages. The frequent number of natural disasters linked to man-made disasters could affect the capacity of the country. It can lead to the unregulated migration and competition within the country (Lu, et. al. 2016). Along with this, climate
Special topics in politics 3fluctuations lead to the challenges for local, regional or global peace and stability of Bangladesh. These challenges are: -Firstly the unpredictable weather patterns that are linked to changes in rainfall and temperature can result in worsening food, water, and energy. Secondly, in the developing countries like Bangladesh, it has been observed that natural disaster affect the capacity (Ahmed & Diana, 2015). It could lead to unfettered migration and competition for the depleting resources. The salinization rising sea level and drought can make the area in ruins and threaten the existence of population on a coastal country. Human death is considered as the most consistent measure of human loss. It is estimated that in the last twenty years, more than 1.5 billion people are killed by natural disasters. Bangladesh faced frequent natural disaster even without any change in climate. It causes loss to humans and sufferings with the damage to the infrastructure, property and the assets. It also puts a harmful impact on livelihood, especially on the poor section of society in the country. Though this is the fact that Bangladesh has achieved remarkable growth but still, poverty and human loss reduction are still high in the country. The country has the highest disaster mortality rate with 516,239 deaths from 1970 to 2005. Out of 516,239, 251,384 deaths took place because of cyclones. The country accounts for more than 60% deaths for the occurrence of cyclones. The influence of climate change in Bangladesh has the capacity to intensify existing vulnerabilities to an extent which threatens the survival of humans in the most affected portions of the country. There are also some uncertainties related to the timing and degree of climate change which means that direction of change is not clear (Banu, et. al. 2014). The government of a country has identified a range of climate change threats and associated impacts which are stated below: The increased regular tropical cyclones result in more damage to the coastline region. The heavier and irregular rainfall during monsoon results in:a)The higher river flow breaches dams and causes flooding in urban and rural areas. b)Riverbank destruction causes loss of residential and agricultural land. c)The increased sedimentation in rivers leads to waterlogging.On the other side, lower and unpredictable rainfall causes droughts in the northern andwestern area of Bangladesh (Alauddin & Sarker, 2014).
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