This document provides an overview of the four levels of measurement in SPSS, including nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio scales. It also explains measures of central tendency and dispersion, such as mean, mode, median, range, standard deviation, and variance. Additionally, it discusses the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics and their uses in analyzing data. The document includes definitions of key terms and provides interpretation of results using frequency tables, cross tabulation, chi-square tests, and phi-crammer's analysis.