Hypotheses Testing Assignment
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Added on 2020-10-23
Hypotheses Testing Assignment
Added on 2020-10-23
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SPSS PROJECT
Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1DATA ANALYSIS AND HYPOTHESES TESTING....................................................................1Analysing the Results of Hypotheses Testing.............................................................................2CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6
DATA ANALYSIS AND HYPOTHESES TESTINGAs per the Journal Paper published by Meyer and Allen in 1990, the three componentconceptualization of organisational commitment are best viewed as elements rather than types ofattitudinal commitment. This means that employees may experience such psychological aspectsin varying degrees depending on certain characteristics. The four main antecedents can becategorised as Work Experience as well as Personal, Structural and Job Characteristics. Out ofthese, the antecedents related to Work Experience have proved to be the strongest which mostlyrelate to the fulfilment of psychological needs that ensure employee's comfortableness andcompetence in the work-role carried out by them in the business enterprise.The hypotheses testing conducted by the two authors is based around the view that:Development of Measures [Study 1]: If the three components of commitment are toreflect different psychological experience to the employees, there may be a possibility togerminate independent measures for them.Antecedents of Commitment [Study 2]: If Study 1 is successful, their measures mustcorrelate to Work Experience Antecedents but not with characteristics associated withother components.In addition to this, Normative Commitment has been included in order to analyse the pattern ofits relation with antecedents predicted as well as associated with affective and continuancecomponents along with enabling better understanding,Analysing the Results of Hypotheses TestingTest 1: Organisational commitment to the university comprises three factors: affective,normative and continuance commitment.For the purpose, a seven-point scale has been utilised as can be observed in AppendicesSection Part 1 of this report. The data collected for this Test, included a sample size of 356students enrolled at the UWA University (Blunch, 2012). Correlations were derived from therecoded items [Appendices Section Part 1], out of which four items were eliminated due to lowcorrelation criteria:I would be very happy to spend the rest of my career at UWA;If I had already not put so much of myself into UWA I might consider studyingelsewhere; and1
I do not feel any obligation to remain with UWA.The raw data was recorded using Descriptive Statistics Methodology in a non-recodedmanner. This was further recoded for 5 variables using Reverse Scoring techniques for theseven-point scales so that higher values indicated a more positive outlook on the resultsgenerated. These are as follows:Org_Commitment_7Org_Commitment_8Org_Commitment_9Org_Commitment_10Org_Commitment_12 KMO and Bartlett's Test:The results inferred from SPSS consisted of Factor Analysis for which the ExtractionMethod used is Principle Component Analysis (PCA) along with Rotation using Oblimin withKaiser Normalization (Barrett & et.al, 2012). This Rotation Method has been used in order toderive the adequacy of the sample taken into consideration. A value of 0.826 is closer to 1 whichindicates better prospects or sufficiency of the given sample taken into consideration, that is 356students going to UWA University (Eslami and Gharakhani, 2012). Thus, it is okay to proceedwith Factor Analysis. On the other hand, Bartlett's Test of Sphericity tests the null hypotheseswherein the diagonal elements equal one whereas off-diagonal elements equal zero. Here, the p-value (Sig.) 0.000 is less than 0.005 and hence it can be concluded that the Factor Analysis takeninto account is of valid nature. Thus, one can reject the null hypotheses (H0) and accept alternatehypotheses (H1). Approx. Chi-Square1687.825 and degree of freedom (df) of 91 indicates thatFactor Analysis is an appropriate technique to be employed for this dataset.Scree Plot:The factors have been ascertained using Eigenvalues that exceed 1 which have then beenplotted on a Scree Plot. The scree plot indicated a break/inflexion point at 3 factors, so the factoranalysis was re-run by restricting the number of factors to 3 as shown in Appendices Section Part3. In this case, the three main factors or determinants of measures are Affective, Normative andContinuance Commitment. There is a sharp curvature after the third factor indicating that as onemoves towards the right end of the graph, total variance amounts go on decreasing (Leech,Barrett and Morgan, 2013).2
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