How Stable are the Distinctions between the Categories of Nature and Culture and Sex and Gender? Implications Analyzed

This essay analyzes the stability of distinctions between nature, culture, sex and gender and their implications on human psychology. It explores various factors and their ability to change over time.

HOW STABLE ARE THE
DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN
THE CATEGORIES OF
NATURE AND CULTURE
AND SEX AND GENDER
WHAT ARE THE
IMPLICATIONS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Psychology is a branch of science which deals with various aspects of human mind which
are key drivers of notions prevailing. In the essay it would be examined that weather the
distinctions between categories on nature, culture, sex and gender are stable or to which extent in
term of their distinctive features. Here all the aspects of the considered elements will be
presented and on the basis of it, views shall be placed about the implications of their these
natures of getting changed. The essay will depict various aspects of distinctions of the categories
in attempt to analyse their affects.
MAIN BODY
By the laws of nature there has been seen an intensive distinction among nature, culture,
sex, gender and their implications on various aspects.
As the study of Strather and Marilyn on Hagen community of Papua New Guinea has their
very different culture which is having distinction between male, female and wild, demotics too.
This distinction is their own created. The study of Strathern explained the relationship of nature
and culture in the community which is very distinct by nature, the study of Hagen community
has deciphered the arguments.
It is very formative and with the time gets evolved too. Some set of reasons such as
historical events, social dynamics, demographics are mainly responsible for it. At the same time
different categories of cultures can be seen due to different human natures.
They just represent their own society to themselves which is due to their own connotation
of nature and culture. This distinction is greatly prevailing in the highlands of that nation. The
nature and culture dichotomy has been universal, yet they have their own symbolic significance.
Hegan does not believe in the notion of nature while explaining the world. They generally have
tow conceptions wild and domestic, but there is not such contrast between the notions due to
their connotations.
As Terence Turner an anthropologist shared views that Body of a person is definitely
individual but having concern of nurturance, reproduction which somehow makes it to
generate biological and sort of social inputs. It also believes that the body of a human being is
nothing but a representative of its medium of the values of society. The body of a person is
considered as social actor. For better recognition and creating distinction with rest of the society

it generally keeps making tattoos, paintings and scarification on their body. The group paints
like honey bee for distinct identity.
Studying the both aspects separately would be a severe injustice to the academic purpose
since the both things are heavily depended on each other. The thought nature and culture can not
be taken into a sole dichotomy. Here the notion comes up that is there any direct link between
the culture and nature of mankind. Nature is linked with culture and some non-social
environments too. The nature and culture are having some distinctions such as their ability to
affect other social and phycological dimensions, but some differences are also existing as nature
of a person may be results of cultural intervention cultural development may be against nature.
The idea of nature is considered social construction. The concept of nature which has
been used by Strathern is very different and consider nature a social construction. Hageners are
very distinct in nature while using the term they keep using distinction. It would be fair to say
that culture is fabricated from nature which is also directly dependent on the gender.
Gender is known as operator due to the distinction it brought in term of adaptation, and
control of the notions. The division between male and female is a driving force which decides
their behavioural aspects. This division is behind the social circumstances for instance the social
divisions, hierarchy, continuum, process. The flow of nature in these genders has been different
due to some biological and psychological dimensions, author found strong relationship among
various factors.
The gender is not only identity of reproduction or creation but it is more about the rituals
and cultural, nature based phenomenon of people. Distinctions of gender categories lead to
many social and phycological aspects of people, it changes their way of thinking, participating in
social and biological act such as having sex.
Kayapo community perform their cultural recreations where fire, arrows, bows are key
attractions, their programmes depict human with sort of characteristics of animals. It has deep
relations with their cultural forms and rituals.
The body of a human being is utterly an individual which is dependent on reproduction
so can ensure long-lasting existence of human life Social aspects which are derived from the
culture play big role with this regard. But considering sex as only reproductive process is not
fair, in human society it is having two main concerns first one is definitely reproduction and
second reason is to emphasis on the unification of the bodies where pleasure is embedded. Sex

can be experienced to be linked with the cultural, and nature aspects at the same time gender
factor is also behind the sex notion in human being. Their this system is to just represent their
beliefs, bidilty treatments so can make their body social as social body.
Strather and Marilyn expressed, In the society Hageners connotation for the people of
different genders has been different and with the time got evolved too. As a man is symbolized
as clam, safety, exotic, wild, bird wealth, prestigious but on the other hand female is
symbolized as family, danger, mundane, domesticated, poverty, and pigs. This is due to
different reasons but the most potential reasons is nature of human mind which ultimately
moulds the culture which is one fraction of the society.
Stability between the different categories of nature, culture, sex and gender has been
a matter of argument. Over the time it has been seen that all the aspects are sharing common but
their distinctions are getting changed.
With the progress of time it is experienced that the distinctions between the categories of
the above discussed notions took a sharp turn and now it would not be safe to label them stable.
Different cultures are there in the society which are keeping their distinct sets of predicaments.
Evolution of sort of new psychological disciplines they brought new changes in the categories
of culture, factors like religion, regionalism, socio-economic status all the things getting
changed in term of their distinctions.
The nature of human gets affected by some biological characteristics which consists
mainly genetics and also social interactions, environments, inclinations too. To certain level the
categories of nature is stable but changes can not be nullified. As above stated that nature is
linked with factors such as culture, gender which drives it to form psychology with respect to
sex. Psychological principles believe that skills, behaviour, feeding, sex, communication and
knowledge decide different natures of human being, and the modern phase of time has
incentivized these factors. If just see years back then the social and cultural mobility was not as
furious as it is today, so social and cultural dynamics are brining bigger changes to the nature of
human being where the stability of nature categories is no longer static.
Similarly, categories of culture have shown great deviations for the same reasons.
Different categories such as Adhocracy culture, clan culture, hierarchy culture, market culture
etc. these all forms of cultures are getting reformed and sometimes replaced too.

In similar way gender categories which are distinct product of both nature and culture,
As it has been articulated by Terence Turner that sex is not just a material difference but it is
hugely affected with discursive demarcations as in Kayapo community they keep their identity
different. Through the time sex is materialized by people forcefully and made it significant part
of their life by reiteration. The gender is having great influence on the categories of sex and
social behaviour psychologically. Different cultures and natures are key determinants of sex
among people, but cognitive changes are affecting this section too. Anthropologically the sexual
orientation of human being is also very fluctuating and with the time shows distinct features. So
on the basis of the evidence looked it can be concluded that the level of stability of categories of
nature, culture, sex and gender is not much higher, the factors are getting changed, yet it
would not be fair to cite these changes drastic in nature but the level of stability if falling down.
In a few realms these are showing more stability due to a range of reasons.
As Sherry B Ortener found that in different cultures the female gender has been seen with
different conceptions, even there is lack of mutual unanimity. Universal facts and sort of
variations in culture shows perils to explain these categories. The author also supported the
second level status of women in every culture or society. Mainly the author paid attention on the
notion where a comparison is made between male, female and nature, culture.
The implications of the changes in distinctions of various convictions like nature,
culture, sex and gender are diverse in nature, Since the distinctions are not getting changed
entirely. It is human psychology that they generally avoid inculcation of paradigm shifts.
Diversification of culture and the mammoth acceptance of “giving and taking” cultural
avenues is so common, these all became possible due to cultural modification. Earlier when the
cultures were very minute in term of their capability to accept others in their sphere are facing
great reforms and making changes in internal structure.
As Laqueur and Thomas suggested some implications of anatomy and on behaviour
too. He upheld the notion that due to humorial imbalance the body will get sick. If in the body
warm or cold attributes are prevailing, their presence can be observed by hair, temperament, skin
color etc. they also supported the conviction that some quantifiable amount of humor cause male
or female.
The ideas were supported that the man species is hotter and drier than the other female
species. Even they can feel it, which ultimately make them distinguished.

The concept of humors is taken wrong, it is not an organ or anything suggested by social theory
but it is “More Real”, even it is not only corporeal attributes. Women have been excluded as a
matter of subjectivity but here considering Columbus discovery of their clitoris is essential.
The cultural politics can never keep equilibrium with the discipline “biology” and
politics of one gender. Sine in a society their role and presence is very different due to their
gender identity, even as the writer said that talking about sex and some other things like depth
discussion of women genitalia has been a great renaissance.
Strathern has discussed some implications so as per his views all the cultures are having
their self awareness about the relationship of culture and nature. She also supported that some
symbols are being used at every corner of the world to form relationship between a male and
female.
The authors have seen the culture as a classification. The nature and culture are nothing
but sort of artificial creation. Men are supposed to get bounded with women and nature. If man
perceive other cultures then women will get that faster, since they are more often perceive
metalevels of different categorization.
For some implications the authors has shown some confusion like the different
perspectives of Hagen men and women are constructing different models in the society. The
biggest concern may be accessible and dominant concepts which are prevailing there.
Views of Sherry B. Ortner are very drastic with this regard. She broadly discussed some
set of implications of women slavery that what types of changes it can bring in culture.
Physiological differences between both genders are driving some connotations such as she found
that male is closer to the culture and women are closer to the nature which separates them. She
also argued that in the world of man, a woman is still a normal person, and they consider her
just a generator of some signs. “Implications of intermediacy” argued many conceptions of the
society and accentuated the notion that women are closer to nature.
Marxist approach has also clarifier some implications. His approaches are seen as critique by
other authors. Relationship between body and power is very closely related, body gives base of
inception of different conceptions in the nature and society.
Gender which is the most prominent issue of the human society as above discussed that
there has been different connotations for the people of different gender. Man has been seen as
bird, wealth, power and so on, at the same time women were symbolized as pig, poor, helpless,

but changes in distinctions introduced different forms. As a consequence it is so often seeing
women and other underprivileged groups asking for their rights for instance third gender also
being accepted by the society to certain degree.
Earlier the theory of constructivism was making its strong place in the society which was
making human minds paradoxical but due to these shifts in distinctions in human nature and their
perspective for sex and gender popped out the concept “Bodies that matter” which gives priority
to human lives and promote sexual equality.
CONCLUSION
From the essay above it can be concluded that the distinctions of nature, culture, sex and
gender aspects which are having their implications on human psychology are not much stable.
Report had been analysed these factors and their ability to get changed. It was found that nature,
culture, sex and genders were changing, their distinctions were also mobilized with the time. It
has been broadly discussed that how these factors had changed to certain degree and what
implications it had poured on the psychological realm of human nature.

REFERENCES
Books and journals-
Turner, T., 2021. 7. Representation, Polyphony, and the Construction of Power in a Kayapó
Video. In Indigenous movements, self-representation, and the state in Latin
America (pp. 229-250). University of Texas Press.
[ONLINE]- available through:<https://www.worldcat.org/title/social-body-and-embodied-
subject-bodiliness-subjectivity-and-sociality-among-the-kayapo/oclc/715943111>
<http://radicalanthropologygroup.org/sites/default/files/pdf/class_text_049.pdf>
<https://www.worldcat.org/title/making-sex-body-and-gender-from-the-greeks-to-freud/oclc/
21375348>
<https://schwarzemilch.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/015_strathern-1998nnaturenculture_1.pdf>
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