State of our Environment (SoE) Based Report
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Added on 2020-10-22
State of our Environment (SoE) Based Report
Added on 2020-10-22
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State of our Environment(SoE) based ReportMARINE ENVIRONMENT
ABSTRACTMarine environment is characterised as a number of different scales, ranging from oceanlevel processes through to those that occur at species and generic level. Half of the worldpopulation is living within the coastal zone and industries of oceans are contributing more than$500 billion to the economy of world. In Australia, it was recoded that there are more than, 4000species of fish and 10,000 of species of invertebrates, microorganism and plans are there. Acrossthe world, there are many species of Australia that are scattered in the world and some countriesuse the water of Australia for extensive movements or migration. There are so many things thatare exerting a great pressure on marine environment like dumped waste, herbicides, toxic waste,marine debris, vessel activity of marine, anthropogenic noise, renewable energy generation ofmarine, old and gas exploration of marine, usage of resource, recreational and commercialfishing, change in climate, system and climate variability and other additional pressure. Thepressure belongs to marine mining and dumping of waste has very deep impact on marineenvironment. But due to some legislation and laws, it comes at the stable range but still it is notvanished. Australian government has strictly announced, dumping of waste in marine water andmarine mining is prohibited. It was expected that by 2025, it will be purely vanished.Management might be absent or only partially effectual, there may be some impact that are verychallenging to debar and mitigate as well as some effects might be unknown. This is known asresidual risk. Marine debris and climate changes are those risk which are connected with residualrisk Apart from that, commercial fishing has great impact on habitats. Government hasimplemented various mechanisms to protect marine environment of Australia from depletion.These mechanisms or act or legislations that was passed by government are very effective as ithas been identified by the revenue that is obtaining from marine water like commercial fishing.The act which was passed by government of cited country which is Environment Protection andBiodiversity Conservation Act 1999 is very effective and efficient.
TABLE OF CONTENTS1.0 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................12.0 The CURRENT CONDITIONS OF MARINE ENVIRONMENT...........................................13.0 PRESSURE AFFECTING MARINE ENVIRONMENT .........................................................24.0 TYPES OF RISK FACED BY MARINE ENVIRONMENT...................................................55.0 MARINE ENVIRONMENT HEADED TO..............................................................................86.0 BROADER MECHANISMS SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATION............................97.0 EFFECTIVENESS OF MECHANISMS.................................................................................10CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11
Illustration IndexIllustration 1: Pressures affecting Marine Environment of Australia .............................................4
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