Tourist Destination Image and Choice Factors

This assignment examines the complex factors influencing tourist destination selection. It delves into the role of destination image, both positive and negative, 'push' and 'pull' motivations, the impact of social networks on decision-making, and the importance of perceived value for tourists. The analysis utilizes a range of academic research to understand how these factors interact and ultimately shape tourist choices.

Tourist Destination

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Main tourist destinations and generators of the world in terms of visitor number and
income generation.......................................................................................................................3
1.2. Statistics to determine tourism destination trends and predict future tendency...................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Analyse Cultural, social, and physical features of tourist destinations explaining their
appeal to tourists.........................................................................................................................5
2.2 Compare features of developing and leading tourist destinations .......................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
3.1 Compare the appeal of current leading tourist areas with that of currently developing
tourist destinations .....................................................................................................................8
3.2 Evaluate how characteristic of a tourist destination affect its appeal .................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Analyse issues that affect the popularity of tourist destinations...........................................9
4.2 Discuss potentials responsible for tourism sector to enhance the host community
worldwide..................................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Tourism industry of any company plays a very essential role that leads to development of
economy and contribute significantly in GDP. Tourism is related to attracting more and more
number of tourists in their destination and making them aware about that particular place. This
report involves studying various factors like social, cultural, political aspects that have major
impact on tourism industry. This enterprise always focuses on supplying quality services to their
guests who will visit at their places. They aim in generating sufficient outcomes for their
economy and helps in developing places. This assignment throws light on different types of
issues and aspects that impact particular tourist destination. The tourist operators enclosed in this
project is TripAdvisor, Virgin Holiday Ltd. This is the responsibility of tourist industry to
enhance the productivity and efficiency of that particular sector. There are number of ways
through which services are promoted to more and more people. Different destinations are unique
and attractive which pull visitors of different place towards them. This business is major source
of revenue generation and bring resources of variant countries in the form of money.
Government also plays prominent role in promoting tourist destinations and provide number of
steps to achieve set target and objectives((Tortella, 2011). They continuously work in enhancing
their services.
TASK 1
1.1 Main tourist destinations and generators of the world in terms of visitor number and income
generation
Trip advisor tourist company is among the largest in world having 300 million members
associated with it. Its headquarter is situated in Needham, Massachusetts US. Its share of revenue
towards country is around $1,400 Billion, which is a major amount contributed by this tourist
company in economy. They always focuses on improving their services day by day in
appropriate manner. TripAdvisor, Inc. is related to travel and restaurant website company which

delivers services related to booking at hotels, restaurants and other travelling work. They have
public website which helps users top find out their hotels or restaurants at any place where they
want to visit (Beritelli, 2011). People spend their money in order to apply services of travel and
tourism company. There are number of beautiful destinations present in worldwide like France,
Paris, Italy. These places have beautiful scenic beauty that have major attractions for the people.
UK people have high standard of living hence, they spend good amount of money in their
travelling activity. The number of travellers always helps in processing more income for
destination places.
As compared to places China, Thailand, Mexico United Kingdom have more number of
visitors. It is considered that UK have more services that they supply to their customers. It is
observed UK always earn large amount of revenue as compared to other destination places.
There are attractive places in world which are discussed below:
 Hong-Kong: This is one of the well known places in nation that pull many visitors at
every year. In 2016, there are around 40 million tourists and in 2017, it has increased to
45 million. This shows significant change in tourist graph.
 Turkey: This place is consist of many beautiful places which is the main part of pulling
large number of people across country. They always experience rise in their graph of
people. Like in 2016, there are roughly 37 million visitors and in 2017, the number has
gone up to 40 million people.
 France: It is one of the illustrious place for everyone in the world. This spot is full of
historical points and beautiful locations that attracts large number of people.
1.2. Statistics to determine tourism destination trends and predict future tendency
Statistical table is drawn below that highlights trends of various years showing different aspects.
Year Visitor's
number
Expenditure
made
Expenditure
done on per
visit
Average night
per visit
International
BOP(£)
2006 25.12 £11.232 £350 7.2 -£15.23
2007 26.12 £11.255 £380 8.1 -£14.21
2008 29.35 £10.635 £400 7.6 -£13.21

2009 30.62 £15.631 £520 5.5 -£12.52
2010 32.56 £16.001 £560 6.6 -£14.33
2011 32.63 £16.963 £600 8.3 -£16.23
2012 35.25 £17.362 £690 9.2 -£15.20
2013 36.88 £18.526 £700 5.6 -£14.11
2014 31.25 £15.236 £630 5.9 -£12.30
2015 32.52 £19.633 £630 7.5 -£19.23
2016 34.23 £20.362 £695 5.3 -£20.11
Above table is highlighting data of 10 years related to tourism industry. It includes
number visitors that fluctuates in years from 2006 to 2016. like in 2006, there are 25.13 visitors
that finally increases and decreases in many coming years. There can be some reasons that
decreases number of travellers to particular place (Prayag, 2011). It has been noted that visitors
are contributing in increasing GDP of tourist places. It is observed from above drawn table that
there is significant increase in revenues. This also helps in generation of employment
opportunities as it employs number of workers in various departments.
TASK 2
2.1 Analyse Cultural, social, and physical features of tourist destinations explaining their appeal
to tourists
It is the duty of global product analyst to execute duties in order to deliver such plans so
that more people are attracted in their agency because it is a major source of creating income for
the institution (Beritelli, 2011). The two destination selected for this task is Rome and London.
The table is drawn below including points related to culture, political, social of these places.
These factors are different of variant places. This is the diverse nation consisting of various
culture, beliefs etc.
Tourist place Rome London
Social factor This country is hard core London is full of aspects

follower of their culture and
social issues. It consists of
many places which is of
historic nature and full of
culture. There are number of
social beliefs that are accepted
by people in Rome.
related to social factor. It is
full of history and social
culture that attracts many
customers to this place.
Physical Factor Rome is full of scenic beauties
that helps in pulling interest of
various people of different
countries all over the world.
Revenues that are generated is
directly contributed in GDP of
this place.
London always registers
increase in number of visitors
from one year to next year.
When people visit these places
physically, than only they
come to know about this place.
Cultural Factor There are number of places
that describe culture of Rome.
Hence, if people who want to
know about the culture of this
place have to definitely visit
this place. Every country or
place experience different
cultures and show this through
various means like historical
places, food habits, dresses etc.
Now a days visitors are
interested in knowing the
culture beliefs of London. If
they get chance to visit this
place, they love to go there.
Above table underlines various components that have direct impact on every tourist destinations.
Elements like culture, social which have assorted things associated with it ( Di Pietro, 2012).
2.2 Compare features of developing and leading tourist destinations
Tourist places Developing places in china Leading places In UK

Social aspect China possess completely
variant culture as compared to
other countries. They are
famous for their dresses, and
environment. These factors
attracts interests of many
people from various tourists
across the nation.
UK is a developed country
hence, they provide special
attention to their visitors who
come to see their places. They
always aim to render first class
service to their guests in
respect of stay, food, culture
etc. the social factor is
favoured by various people
and they love to enjoy.
Culture and historical factor It has been noted that number
of travellers increases from
year to year. They have
distinct culture and history that
pulls people from all over the
globe. Today's generation is
keen to know about famous
tourists places that is why they
want to visit these areas at
their free time.
UK is well known for
celebrating festivals at very
unique manner. This place
secured fourth place in top
destinations where every year
billions of people visit these
destinations.
Physical factor(reliefs, land,
flora, fauna etc.)
Tourists always want to visit
those places which are neat
and clean. That have
something unique in their
place. Government of this
place always keeps on
improving their services
whether related to transports,
hotels etc.
UK have diverse varieties of
plants and wildlife. This is the
major source of drawing
attention and interests of
people from all over the world.
There are number of species
available in this country that
are not grown anywhere else.
This provide base for different
people to visit this place once.

There are number of more features, from the above discussed factors. Like the peace of
that place, environment, buildings, cleanliness etc. Government always take measures or steps to
work with tourist department to enhance their services that they deliver to their guests. Tourists
always experience good in those places where they are treated with full attention and respect.
Food habits of particular places also impact the culture of that area. There are number of
vegetarians and non vegetarian that does not feel comfortable in every place (Pandža Bajs,
2015).
TASK 3

3.1 Compare the appeal of current leading tourist areas with that of currently developing tourist
destinations
Virgin Holiday Limited is a institution founded in 1985. It is a company of virgin group
and have partnership with Herbert Ypma's HIP hotels. It is a private company and operates in
tour industry. In the present world, the tourist places helps in involving large number of people
as visitors. There are several associated elements that is directly linked with generation of
condition to attract person in unified manner. The location of particular place contributes in
generation of many visitors at particular time
Under this, classification of any area is very effective mode through which outline is
developed of particular locations. The dimensions that affect leading countries that are discussed
below:

 Mid centric: every person is different from each other in various grounds that may be in
accordance with attitude, beliefs, certain characteristics. Visitors want to go to their
places where they can enjoy at best level. Travellers want to spend their free time at those
places form where they can retain some beautiful memories for life time.
 Phycho centric: They are basically those people who plan their visit according to the
safety measure of places. It include those person which shows many efforts in selecting
that places which is not full of danger. They want features like thrilling places,
adventurous areas where they can enjoy and have fun. There are number of places where
they can relish several fun activities, and get attracted towards it.
In order to compare the two destinations, there are certain grounds which provide basis of
differentiation:
 Both these place have attractive factors including flora and fauna. But the difference
occurs in the diverse variety of these that are found in that particular place.
 There are number of attractive places that pull interests of customers, these may include
historical monuments, cultural factors etc. whereas considering the other place there is
presence of site seeing locations that are very attractive and appealing.
 London is having developed buildings that attracts the interest of tourists from various
places and encourages them to visit this city frequently. On the other side Rome have
distinct culture which makes source of attraction for many people.
 Developed tourist destination has some extra features whereas developing areas confer
relatively less attractive concepts. Hence, difference should be meet out.
3.2 Evaluate how characteristic of a tourist destination affect its appeal
There are number of features that appeal the interests and attention to that particular
place. Major characteristics are mentioned below:
 Political factor: This element affects the tourists of any place. This is very important that
political condition of country remain stable otherwise it imposes negative impact on
customers of various country. For example if there is occurrence of some special events
like Olympic games. Sport events etc. It creates huge impact on the country (Sun, 2015).
 Physical Condition: It include all those conditions that is related to transportation
facilities, accommodations, infrastructure etc. If all these factors are well developed it

will lead to fulfilment of satisfaction. For instance Nepal have well constructed
communication and transport facility which enhances beauty of this place.
 Economical State: It is very important that economic condition of country should be
favourable in order to retain more number of consumers. This situation also include rules,
policy, regulations of formulated by government bodies that are implemented in that
country. Economy should be well developed to acquire interests of people (Hultman,
2015).
 Social condition of particular place: This factor is very much important as it is directly
linked with behaviour of people. Guests wants to treat themselves in proper way. They do
not want to compromise in their social respect and dignity. They always visit that places
that have environment full of peace and joy.
 Attractive Places: Travellers wants to go to that places which have many historical
monuments and areas that contain original beauty. Hence, they wish to visit that places
which is full of exciting and adventurous. UK, Rome, France are most famous places in
the world as they have distinctive features. That is the reason their number of tourists
increases from one year to next year.
Hence, above points describes characteristics every tourist area should consist of. These features
make them different from different places.
TASK 4
4.1 Analyse issues that affect the popularity of tourist destinations
Issues are something that impact the popularity of various destinations. Some are
mentioned below:
 Exchange of foreign exchange: This is the major factor that affect the environment of
tourism industry. Economy of every country experiences inflation and deflation situation
that involves rise and decrease of currency. It poses huge impact on tourism industry as
number of people come from various different places (Chon, 2015).
 If the condition of country is not peaceful, for example that particular area is prone to
tourists attacks. This have a bad impact on number of tourists. The graph of number of
visitors decline at significant rate. On the other hand, there are other issues for example

drivers of London are smart enough to charge more amount of fare from travellers of
different country. This impart false presentation of that place (Chen, 2013).
 Alteration in climatic situation of that particular place. This contribute to be the major
issue that is directly linked in touching the quality of that particular destination. Climate
is unpredictable hence, this impact the visiting of people from various places. For
example, if whether condition is not favourable of UK or London it lead to decrease in
number of tourists to that place. If that place is attacked by famine or any natural
calamity. This reduces the amount of visitors to that particular place.
 If there is lack of peace and and cleanliness facility in the place, this affect the quality of
that place. It also involves environment state of that area. If it is unfavourable it causes
negative impact of tourists on the other hand, favourable conditions helps in building
trust in customers.
The above discussed factors provide that there are number of elements that affect the tourism
sector. Hence, it is the responsibility of government sector to carry out such processes so that
tourism industry flourish day by day. Government formulate various strategies and regulations
that have to be adopted by tourism industry in order to promote their sector and earn revenue of
good amount.
4.2 Discuss potentials responsible for tourism sector to enhance the host community worldwide
Tourist institution of any particular country always make efforts and attempts to keep on
increasing their services. They basically put efforts to improve their quality of services in
effective and efficient manner. It is very essential of tourism department to supply services at
best of their level. They should continuously make improvements at their places by adding new
things and deleting unproductive aspects. Government have a major role to be played along with
these tour industry (Reza Jalilvand, 2012). As they together make policies to promote culture
and historical places of their host country. Every place have certain laws and regulations that
have to be complied in order to maintain peace and decorum. In order to maintain conducive
environment in their countries every tour operator organisation has to follow certain steps which
are mentioned below:
 Safety should be the major area of attention. It is duty of host country to make their
guests free from any risks.

 Behaviour should be soft and polite towards various visitors.
 To promote value of their country, it is necessary to show respect towards their visitors
and do not create differences on the basis of caste, creed, religion etc.
 Always use Eco -friendly tools and motivate other to do the same.
From the above pints it is clear that tourism company have to treat their visitors properly. They
have to make efforts to minimize the negative impact at maximum level. Focus should always be
made on attracting more and more people towards their places (Choi, 2011).
Legal organisations of UK make attempts to render set outcomes and results along with
tourism sector. There are welfare attached to host country which are mentioned below:
 It always make efforts to increase visitor's satisfaction level at momentous level.
 It is their duty to intensify the quality of services resulting in yielding high profits.
 Proper steps and policy have to be made in respect of influencing behaviour of people
so that they visit particular places frequently and contribute in generation of revenue.
CONCLUSION
From above made report it is observed that tourism industry of any country plays a
important and indispensable role. This sector always improve the economy by enhancing the
beauty of that particular place. Government along with tourist company together make efforts to

improve their quality of services. They adopt various modern tools and elements to maximise
their picture of particular place. This assignment also provide information related to social,
political, physical and environmental factors that are different of various places or destinations.
Every country wants to increase their services effectively and efficiently. Tourism industry
contributes highly at GDP of any country and is the main source of revenue generation.
REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Beritelli, P., 2011. Cooperation among prominent actors in a tourist destination. Annals of
Tourism Research. 38(2). pp.607-629.

Prayag, G. and Ryan, C., 2011. The relationship between the ‘push’and ‘pull’factors of a tourist
destination: The role of nationality–an analytical qualitative research approach. Current
Issues in Tourism. 14(2). pp.121-143.
Di Pietro, L., Di Virgilio, F. and Pantano, E., 2012. Social network for the choice of tourist
destination: Attitude and behavioural intention. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism
Technology. 3(1). pp.60-76.
Pandža Bajs, I., 2015. Tourist perceived value, relationship to satisfaction, and behavioral
intentions: The example of the Croatian tourist destination Dubrovnik. Journal of Travel
Research. 54(1). pp.122-134.
Tortella, B.D. and Tirado, D., 2011. Hotel water consumption at a seasonal mass tourist
destination. The case of the island of Mallorca. Journal of environmental management.
92(10). pp.2568-2579.
Hultman, M., Skarmeas, D., Oghazi, P. and Beheshti, H.M., 2015. Achieving tourist loyalty
through destination personality, satisfaction, and identification. Journal of Business
Research. 68(11). pp.2227-2231.
Reza Jalilvand, M. and Samiei, N., 2012. The effect of word of mouth on inbound tourists'
decision for traveling to Islamic destinations (the case of Isfahan as a tourist destination
in Iran). Journal of Islamic Marketing. 3(1). pp.12-21.
Choi, J.G., Tkachenko, T. and Sil, S., 2011. On the destination image of Korea by Russian
tourists. Tourism Management. 32(1). pp.193-194.
Chen, C.F. and Phou, S., 2013. A closer look at destination: Image, personality, relationship and
loyalty. Tourism management. 36. pp.269-278.
Chon, K.S., 2015. Traveler destination image modification process and its marketing
implications. In Proceedings of the 1990 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual
Conference (pp. 480-482). Springer, Cham.
Sun, M., Zhang, X. and Ryan, C., 2015. Perceiving tourist destination landscapes through
Chinese eyes: The case of South Island, New Zealand. Tourism Management. 46. pp.582-
595.
Beritelli, P., 2011. Do actors really agree on strategic issues? Applying consensus analysis of
stakeholder perceptions in tourist destination communities. Tourism Analysis. 16(3).
pp.219-241.