Statistics and Probability Assignment Solutions

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This assignment provides detailed solutions to a set of statistics and probability questions. Topics covered include binomial distribution calculations, z-score analysis, and random sampling. Solutions are presented in a step-by-step format with clear explanations and numerical values. The assignment includes multiple-choice questions and random sampling data for further analysis. Students can use these solutions as a reference or guide to help them complete their own statistics and probability assignments.

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STATISTICS

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUESTION 1...................................................................................................................................1
(a) Stem-and-Leaf Display of Westpac banking corporation.................................................2
(b) Histogram for NAB and WBC..........................................................................................4
(C). Bar charts of six listed companies...................................................................................4
(d) Market recommendation...................................................................................................5
QUESTION 2...................................................................................................................................6
(a) and (b) Calculation of mean, median and standard deviation...........................................6
c) Box and whisker plot for new vehicle sales for each year.................................................6
(D.) number of new vehicles sales of each state, and the trends in new vehicles sales in
different Australian states.......................................................................................................7
Question 3........................................................................................................................................1
A. What is the probability that randomly selected household lives in Victoria?...................1
B. What is the probability that randomly selected household lives in Tasmania and has
internet access in 2010-11?....................................................................................................1
C. What is the probability that randomly selected household lives in New South Wales and
has internet access in 2012-13?..............................................................................................1
D. What is the probability that randomly selected household has access to internet in 2010-11
or 2012-13?.............................................................................................................................1
Question 4........................................................................................................................................3
A) What value does the upper 5% of the time exceed?..........................................................3
B) What is the probability that the air temperature will be less than 21 degree Celsius?......3
C) probability calculation.......................................................................................................3
Question 5........................................................................................................................................4
A) Binomial distribution.........................................................................................................4
B) Binomial distribution with Z score....................................................................................4
C) Random sampling..............................................................................................................4
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QUESTION 1
Quarterly prices
Date Price (NAB) Price (WBC)
Jan-09 17.995 15.462
Apr-09 19.611 18.982
Jul-09 23.128 21.444
Oct-09 28.376 26.07
Jan-10 25.067 23.589
Apr-10 26.617 26.891
Jul-10 23.889 23.718
Oct-10 24.202 22.442
Jan-11 23.442 22.729
Apr-11 25.742 24.558
Jul-11 22.814 20.188
Oct-11 24.43 22.067
Jan-12 22.672 20.91
Apr-12 23.984 22.472
Jul-12 23.746 22.936
Oct-12 24.516 25.22
Jan-13 26.009 27.721
Apr-13 32.321 33.416
Jul-13 29.687 30.631
Oct-13 33.566 34.002
Jan-14 31.608 30.7
Apr-14 33.556 34.927
Jul-14 33.575 34.42
Oct-14 33.262 34.589
Jan-15 33.87 34.27
Apr-15 34.954 36.26
Jul-15 33.525 34.668
Oct-15 29.071 31.38
1
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Jan-16 26.67 30.85
Apr-16 27.19 31.05
Jul-16 26.54 31.09
Oct-16 28 30.47
Jan-17 30.33 31.71
Apr-17 34 35.06
Jul-17 29.95 31.82
Oct-17 32.66 32.99
(a) Stem-and-Leaf Display of Westpac banking corporation
Leaf
unit: 10
1 5 9
2 0 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8
3
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 5 5
5 5 6
n 36
mean
28.1028
3
median 30.5505
std. dev.
5.64847
9
minimum 15.462
maximu
m 36.26
Stem-and-Leaf Display
NAB
Leaf
unit: 10
1 8
2
0 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 7
8 8 9
2

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3 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 5
n 36
mean
27.7937
5
median 26.93
std. dev.
4.53568
3
minimum 17.995
maximu
m 34.954
Stem and leaf display of NAB (left) and WBC (Right)
N 36
mean 28.10283
median 30.5505
std. dev. 5.648479
minimum 15.462
maximum 36.26
Stem-and-Leaf Display
Leaf
unit: 10
1 5 9
2 0 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8
3
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 5 5
5 5 6
3
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(b) Histogram for NAB and WBC
(C). Bar charts of six listed companies
Company Name
Market
capital
Ascent Resource 6.85
ActivEX 35.45
Adelaide Brighton 3.29
Admiralty Resources 17.31
ALCHEMY RESOURCES 6.61
Alara Resources 12.58
4
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(d) Market recommendation
NAB
P/E Ratio of NAB is 11.8 and Dividend yield ratio is 8.1
From the above data it can be interpreted that Price /earnings ratio that shows the
willingness of the investor to pay the amount in order to receive one dollar of that company’s
earnings. Higher the P/E ratio the higher is the anticipated growth of the investors in future.
Moreover, It can interpreted that Dividend yield ratio that shows the amount of dividend the
company pay’s to its shareholders or investors. The dividend yield ratio of NAB is 8.1.
Trend ratio and Debt / equity ratio
Westpac Banking Corporation
P/E ratio and dividend yield ratio
Trend ratio and debt / equity ratio
5

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It is recommended to the investor that it should invest in NAB as it is paying higher
dividend and it provide earnings ratio is also equal to the WBC. Moreover, the information
gathered about the company shows that it have less debt as compared to WBC. Also, it is
beneficial for the investor to invest their money in NAB as it will give them more returns.
QUESTION 2
(a) and (b) Calculation of mean, median and standard deviation
State NSW VIC QLD SA WA TAS NT ACT
Mean
33130.
3
27187.
9
19418.
8 5978.2 8352.8 1647.1 894.7 1543.4
Standard
deviation 3874.4 2913.6 2762.8 705.5 889.3 286.5 182.8 21.1
Minimum 28392 22426 16870 5174 7580 1298 626 1509
Maximum 43449 34262 27270 7613 10749 2074 1240 1573
Quartile 1
31395.
75 25973
17984.
75 5390 7810 1371.5 789.5 1527
Median 32750
27080.
5 18722 5968.5 8085 1629 865.5 1546
Quartile 3 33830
27978.
5
19599.
25
6310.2
5
8682.2
5
1906.7
5 982.5
1560.7
5
c) Box and whisker plot for new vehicle sales for each year
State NSW VIC QLD SA WA TAS NT AC
T
Mean 33130.3 27187.
9 19418.8 5978.2 8352.8 1647.1 894.7 154
3.4
Standar
d
deviatio
n
3874.4 2913.6 2762.8 705.5 889.3 286.5 182.8 21.
1
Minimu
m 28392 22426 16870 5174 7580 1298 626 150
9
Maximu
m 43449 34262 27270 7613 10749 2074 1240 157
3
6
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Quartile
1
31395.7
5 25973 17984.7
5 5390 7810 1371.5 789.5 152
7
Median 32750 27080.
5 18722 5968.5 8085 1629 865.5 154
6
Quartile
3 33830 27978.
5
19599.2
5
6310.2
5
8682.2
5
1906.7
5 982.5
156
0.7
5
(D.) number of new vehicles sales of each state, and the trends in new vehicles sales in different
Australian states.
Month NSW
Jan-2016 28392
Feb-2016 32633
Mar-2016 35963
Apr-2016 29391
7
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May-2016 32867
Jun-2016 43449
Jul-2016 30219
Aug-2016 31788
Sep-2016 34424
Oct-2016 31850
Nov-2016 32955
Dec-2016 33632
Jan-2017
4047296.50
000046
Feb-2017
4647042.11
188864
Mar-2017
5117957.67
132925
8
Jan-2016
Feb-2016
Mar-2016
Apr-2016
May-2016
Jun-2016
Jul-2016
Aug-2016
Sep-2016
Oct-2016
Nov-2016
Dec-2016
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
f(x) = 141.416083916084 x + 32211.0454545455
State NSW
Linear (State NSW)

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Month VIC
Jan-2016 22426
Feb-2016 26782
Mar-2016 27716
Apr-2016 23963
May-2016 26125
Jun-2016 34262
Jul-2016 25517
Aug-2016 27096
Sep-2016 28766
Oct-2016 27546
Nov-2016 28991
Dec-2016 27065
Jan-2017
6917891.79
253974
Feb-2017
8256722.10
023184
Mar-2017
8543789.93
939264
Apr-2017
7390293.57
925296
9
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Month QLD
Jan-2016 17193
Feb-2016 18711
Mar-2016 21470
Apr-2016 17753
May-2016 19565
Jun-2016 27270
Jul-2016 18445
Aug-2016 18062
Sep-2016 19702
Oct-2016 16870
Nov-2016 18733
Dec-2016 19252
10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000 f(x) = 307.353146853147 x + 25190.1212121212
month Jan-2016 Feb-2016
Mar-2016 Apr-2016 May-2016
Jun-2016 Jul-2016 Aug-2016
Sep-2016 Oct-2016 Nov-2016
Dec-2016 VIC
Linear ( month Jan-2016 Feb-
2016 Mar-2016 Apr-2016 May-
2016 Jun-2016 Jul-2016 Aug-
2016 Sep-2016 Oct-2016 Nov-
2016 Dec-2016 VIC)
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Jan-2017
-
758300.337
994508
Feb-2017
-
826992.491
840589
Mar-2017
-
951842.065
267029
Month SA
Jan-2016 5208
Feb-2016 5988
Mar-2016 6087
Apr-2016 5174
May-2016 5949
11
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000 f(x) = -45.2517482517x + 19712.9696969697

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Jun-2016 7613
Jul-2016 5210
Aug-2016 5785
Sep-2016 6551
Oct-2016 5450
Nov-2016 6259
Dec-2016 6464
Jan-2017
293079.142
19112
Feb-2017
336131.869
463844
Mar-2017
341596.254
079229
12
Jan-2016
Feb-2016
Mar-2016
Apr-2016
May-2016
Jun-2016
Jul-2016
Aug-2016
Sep-2016
Oct-2016
Nov-2016
Dec-2016
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
f(x) = 55.1958041958042 x + 5619.39393939394
SA
Linear (SA)
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Month WA
Jan-2016 7861
Feb-2016 8725
Mar-2016 9054
Apr-2016 7601
May-2016 7935
Jun-2016 10749
Jul-2016 8234
Aug-2016 8144
Sep-2016 8668
Oct-2016 7580
Nov-2016 7657
Dec-2016 8026
Jan-2017
-
394478.656
177052
Feb-2017
-
438790.376
45676
Mar-2017
-
455663.705
128085
13
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Month TAS
Jan-2016 1298
Feb-2016 1319
Mar-2016 1515
Apr-2016 1313
May-2016 1503
Jun-2016 1853
Jul-2016 1389
Aug-2016 1743
Sep-2016 2074
Oct-2016 1937
Nov-2016 1903
Dec-2016 1918
14
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
f(x) = − 51.2867132867133 x + 8686.19696969697
month Jan-2016 Feb-2016 Mar-
2016 Apr-2016 May-2016 Jun-
2016 Jul-2016 Aug-2016 Sep-
2016 Oct-2016 Nov-2016 Dec-
2016 WA
Linear (month Jan-2016 Feb-
2016 Mar-2016 Apr-2016 May-
2016 Jun-2016 Jul-2016 Aug-
2016 Sep-2016 Oct-2016 Nov-
2016 Dec-2016 WA)

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Jan-2017
87856.9662
004036
Feb-2017
89258.7529
136893
Mar-2017
102342.095
571023
Month ACT
Jan-2016 1509
Feb-2016 1528
Mar-2016 1550
Apr-2016 1563
May-2016 1560
Jun-2016 1542
15
Jan-2016
Feb-2016
Mar-2016
Apr-2016
May-2016
Jun-2016
Jul-2016
Aug-2016
Sep-2016
Oct-2016
Nov-2016
Dec-2016
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500 f(x) = 66.7517482517483 x + 1213.19696969697
TAS
Linear (TAS)
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Jul-2016 1524
Aug-2016 1519
Sep-2016 1531
Oct-2016 1552
Nov-2016 1570
Dec-2016 1573
Jan-2017
5719.94638
69158
Feb-2017
5772.76107
22301
Mar-2017
5833.91491
83835
Month NT
Jan-2016 626
16
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1460
1480
1500
1520
1540
1560
1580 f(x) = 2.77972027972028 x + 1525.34848484849
month Jan-2016 Feb-2016 Mar-
2016 Apr-2016 May-2016 Jun-
2016 Jul-2016 Aug-2016 Sep-
2016 Oct-2016 Nov-2016 Dec-
2016 ACT
Linear (month Jan-2016 Feb-
2016 Mar-2016 Apr-2016 May-
2016 Jun-2016 Jul-2016 Aug-
2016 Sep-2016 Oct-2016 Nov-
2016 Dec-2016 ACT)
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Feb-2016 851
Mar-2016 1023
Apr-2016 969
May-2016 1180
Jun-2016 1240
Jul-2016 831
Aug-2016 881
Sep-2016 880
Oct-2016 713
Nov-2016 808
Dec-2016 734
Jan-2017
-
5863.51515
15208
Feb-2017
-
8318.06060
60683
Mar-2017
-
10194.4242
424335
17

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18
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400 f(x) = − 10.9090909090909 x + 965.575757575758
month Jan-2016 Feb-2016 Mar-
2016 Apr-2016 May-2016 Jun-
2016 Jul-2016 Aug-2016 Sep-
2016 Oct-2016 Nov-2016 Dec-
2016 NT
Linear (month Jan-2016 Feb-
2016 Mar-2016 Apr-2016 May-
2016 Jun-2016 Jul-2016 Aug-
2016 Sep-2016 Oct-2016 Nov-
2016 Dec-2016 NT)
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Question 3
A. What is the probability that randomly selected household lives in Victoria?
Probability can be calculated by taking all the households living in the state of Victoria.
By adding all the number of possible outcomes of internet access such as 1468.6 + 1683.5 +
1830.6 + 1934.2 + 2008.2 = 8925.1
Number of events occurred = 5
Hence, Probability of event that occurs P (A) = 0.001
Not occurring P (A) = 0.999
B. What is the probability that randomly selected household lives in Tasmania and has internet
access in 2010-11?
Probability of households in Tasmania and internet access in 2010-11 = 146.2
Number of events occurred = 5
Thus, Probability of event that occurs P (A) = 0.034
Not occurring P (A) = 0.966
C. What is the probability that randomly selected household lives in New South Wales and has
internet access in 2012-13?
Probability of households in New South Wales and internet access in 2010-11 = 2274.5
Number of events occurred = 5
Probability of event that occurs P (A) = 0.002
Not occurring P (A) = 0.998
D. What is the probability that randomly selected household has access to internet in 2010-11 or
2012-13?
The probability of randomly selected households are listed in table-
2010-11 2012-13
2163.6 2274.5
1683.5 1830.6
1347.3 1517
496.5 554
714 814.8
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146.2 164.6
2
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